scholarly journals Information as the First Attribute of Accessibility: A Method for Assessing the Information Provided by Urban Rail Systems to Tourists with Reduced Mobility

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10185
Author(s):  
Amanda Fernandes Ferreira ◽  
Yuka Akasaka ◽  
Mirian Greiner de Oliveira Pinheiro ◽  
S. K. Jason Chang
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Insufficient Information ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Reduced Mobility

It is estimated that more than one billion people worldwide have some form of disability, and that number is expected to rise as the population ages. A lack of accessible transport can represent a challenge to commuting citizens and it can also inhibit tourists with reduced mobility. Online information about accessibility is the first point of contact that tourists have with their destination and it should therefore be considered an attribute of accessibility. In that context, this paper aims to: (a) propose a method for classifying the information about accessibility provided by the official websites of public transport systems; and (b) present and discuss the results of the application of the method to the official websites of 212 urban rail systems around the world. The results suggest that, despite it being the first indication of destination accessibility, many cities do not provide or provide unclear or insufficient information for tourists with reduced mobility on their official websites. Moreover, few official websites provide information on accessibility around stations or in the case of transfers. This novel method proved to be suitable for classifying the websites, as well as identifying aspects of the information provision that can be improved.

scholarly journals Linear asynchronous traction drive in urban rail and maglev transport systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-24
Author(s):  
Viktor V. Nikitin ◽  
Vladimir M. Strepetov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Edge Effect ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Traction Drive ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Longitudinal Edge ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost

The development of transport infrastructure of large cities with high population density and development should be carried out on the basis of innovative technical solutions, that allow to simplify the conditions of laying of tracks, reduce the cost of construction, reduce noise, provide comfort to passengers and reduce the cost of operating rolling stock. One such solution, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by foreign experience, is the use of linear asynchronous traction drive (LATD) in urban rail and maglev transport systems. This, in particular, allows to increase the allowable value of slope paths to 6065, reduce the vertical dimensions of rolling stock to 3.15 m, reduce the diameter of the tunnel by 2530%. The release of the wheel pair from the function of the implementation of traction effort makes it possible to apply on the wagons the articulated semi-frames of trolleys, that ensures better rolling stock in curves, and as a result - less wear of wheels and rails and less noise. This article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of LATD compared to the traction drive of traditional execution, considers variants of constructive performance of linear induction motors (LIM), processes of electromechanical energy conversion in LIM, the option of building a LATD control system is presented. The article examines the flat LIM, which have found use in the transport systems of major cities in Asia and America. The processes of energy conversion in LIM are distinguished by the presence of a longitudinal edge effect, which determines the distortion of the resulting magnetic field, which is manifested in the reduction of induction and the displacement of the peak of the induction distribution curve to the escaping edge of the inductor. This effect is particularly manifested in high-speed LIMs with high quality. When the linearity of the magnetic environment is allowed, the resulting electromagnetic force of the LIM can be considered as the sum of electromagnetic forces created by the main field, as well as the direct and reverse fields of the longitudinal edge effect. The edge effects reduce efficiency and power ratio of LIM. The article discusses ways to compensate for the edge effects, as well as an overview of the world experience of the use of LATD in rail and maglev transport systems. The advantages of LATD and the world experience of its use suggest that for urban transport systems at speeds of up to 100-120 km/h this drive can be a real competition to traditional urban rail systems.

scholarly journals Perception of public transport in Brazilian capitals in the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane Borchers ◽  
Victor Garcia Figueirôa Ferreira ◽  
Rochele Amorim Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
Significant Change

The COVID-19 pandemic hit the world in 2020. The most prominent measure to deal with the new coronavirus was social isolation. One of the initial recommendations was for people to avoid public transport when possible. This study seeks to analyze whether there was a significant change in the mode of displacement of the population of Brazilian capitals during the COVID-19 pandemic, what is the perception and the main challenges of public transport in this context, and which contagion measures population considers safer. The methodology involved a survey of the measures adopted to combat the spread of the new coronavirus and the application of a public transport perception questionnaire before, during, and after the pandemic. The results show a reduction in modal share of trips made on public transport modes and an increase in the percentage of trips by car; and that public transport systems can be safe and perceived as that, since operators adopt adequate security measures. This is not, however, the perception of those who commuted by public transport during the pandemic. It is important that passengers perceive the system as safe for resumption of demand in the post-pandemic scenario. The key challenge lies in the financing of public transport systems, and it is necessary to analyze a restructuring that will allow to offer a high quality and safe service to the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Towards Simulating Cognitive Agents in Public Transport Systems

2009 ◽  
pp. 176-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Timpf
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Default Reasoning ◽  
Cognitive Agents ◽  
Human Navigation ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatial Environment

In this chapter, the authors present a methodology for simulating human navigation within the context of public, multi-modal transport. They show that cognitive agents, that is, agents that can reason about the navigation process and learn from and navigate through the (simulated physical) environment, require the provision of a rich spatial environment. From a cognitive standpoint, human navigation and wayfinding rely on a combination of spatial models (“knowledge in the head”), (default) reasoning processes, and knowledge in the world. Spatial models have been studied extensively, whereas the reasoning processes and especially the role of the “knowledge in the world” have been neglected. The authors first present an overview of research in wayfinding and then envision a model that integrates existing concepts and models for multi-modal public transport illustrated by a case study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the selection of proper metro and tram vehicle for urban transportation by using a novel integrated MCDM approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 003685042095012
Author(s):  
Ömer Faruk Görçün
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Criteria Importance ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents a novel integrated multi-criteria decision-making model consists of the CRITIC (CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) technique and the EDAS (The Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution) method to evaluate the selection of the urban rail vehicles operated in the public transport systems. In order to determine the selection criteria in a more realistic perspective, a board of experts consists of seven members, who perform as senior executives in the public transport institutions of the country, was constructed and many round tables meetings were organized with together the members of the board for determining the procedure to follow to reach meaningful and applicable results. At the beginning of the research, approximately fifty selection criteria were determined by the research team and some of them were eliminated during the preparation process of this study. Finally, 22 factors were determined as the selection criteria, which will be used in this research. These factors are the selection criteria directly or indirectly affecting the selection process and results. Also, rail tram types currently operated in the various cities of Turkey were determined as decision alternatives. These options were evaluated by using the proposed integrated MCDM approach. When the obtained results are evaluated, it can be seen that the proposed model has the potential to give very successful results for evaluating the selection process of the urban rail systems. Moreover, it can be implemented as a decision support system by decision-makers, who perform in the public transport authorities. Finally, it can also be applied for decision-making problems faced in the various fields.

scholarly journals Demand Responsive Transit: Understanding Emerging Solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
German Freiberg ◽  
Leonardo Bueno ◽  
Bruna Pizzol ◽  
David Escalante ◽  
Tania Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
High Income ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The World ◽  
Institutional Aspects ◽  
Demand Responsive Transit

Demand Responsive Transit adapts well to users’ needs and can increase efficiency in situations where regular public transport systems are more cost­ly. However, as DRTs are constantly evolving, the concept and its applications and benefits can be hard to grasp. This working paper provides an introduc­tory description, a proposed classification of DRT service types, an overview of institutional aspects and key operational attributes, and examples of implementations around the world. It identifies a trend in which in high-income countries DRT services derive mostly from public policies, whereas in developing countries, DRTs appear more as private services aimed at market demand niches.

scholarly journals Transport infrastructure, lock-out and urban form: highway development in Auckland and the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Coleman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
The World

When travelling the world, it is impossible not to be struck by the different urban forms of the world’s great cities. Cities differ in size, age, shape and height. They have different housing styles and population densities. Some are concentrated around a mess of crooked streets, some are laid out around a planned grid, and some sprawl over wide areas. Many have a central waterfront, while others have ports several miles away. Cities also differ substantially in terms of their transport systems. There are walking cities, light railbased cities and subway cities. And there are also cities where public transport is little used, as most travelling occurs in private cars. 

scholarly journals ROMANIA: THE EFFICIENCY AND PERSPECTIVE FOR TRANSPORT OF PASSENGERS ON RAILWAYS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Elena Muț ◽  
◽  
Ciprian Beniamin Benea ◽  
Adrian Negrea ◽  
Săcară-Onita Adina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
World Economy ◽  
National Level ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Transport Services

As main premises related to transport generally indicate, all the more so in Europe, where the prosperity of continent will depend on the capacities of all European regions to maintain full integration in the world economy, competitively; and efficient transport systems are cornerstones to achieve this. In this perspective, this paper is an analysis of the main performance parameters which are necessary to sustain an efficient railway transport system at the national level. The study is based on data and information centralized by The Authority for Railway Reform (Autoritatea pentru Reforma Feroviara – ARF) during three years, when there were in force contracts of public transport services related to people transport on railways (January 2016 –September 2019).

scholarly journals Using Radical Innovation to Overcome Utility Trade-Offs in Urban Rail Systems in Megalopoleis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-168
Author(s):  
Marcelo Blumenfeld ◽  
Clive Roberts ◽  
Felix Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Operational Concept ◽  
Time Required

Urban mobility is increasingly becoming accepted as a basic human need, as socio-economic opportunities depend on the ability to reach places within an acceptable time. Conversely, the emergence of megalopoleis as dominant features of the global landscape has increased commuting effort to unprecedented levels, due to the ever expanding urban areas and the associated travel distances. This now poses a risk to the efficient accessibility of cities, but there is an assumption that the problem can be overcome by increasing the speed of transport systems. However, advocates of this approach overlook important utility trade-offs that arise from the conflict between greater vehicle speeds and the additional time required to access the services. In this paper, we investigate this approach and show that higher speeds in metro systems do not always result in faster travel in cities. We then propose a new approach to addressing the problem, which culminates in a solution that can overcome the current paradoxes and increase door-to-door speeds more effectively. The resulting operational concept optimizes speed and coverage in urban rail systems in megalopoleis, accommodating the longer trips within time budgets. We position this research as a starting point to a new perspective on developing complex urban systems in the future.

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