scholarly journals MRP-PCI: A Multiple Reference Point Based Partially Compensatory Composite Indicator for Sustainability Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1261
Author(s):  
Francisco Ruiz ◽  
José Manuel Cabello
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Composite Indicator ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Aggregation Procedure ◽  
Strong Sustainability ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Complex Procedure ◽  
Compensation Index ◽  
Multiple Reference

Assessing different types of sustainability is a complex procedure, which implies considering aspects of very different nature. One way to do this is using a system of single indicators measuring all these different aspects and aggregating them in an overall composite indicator. In line with the concepts of weak and strong sustainability, the compensability degree among the indicators allowed by the aggregation procedure is a crucial issue. There exist methods that allow for full compensability, zero compensability, or partial compensability. In most of them, the compensation degree is established in a global way, that is, it is the same for all the indicators. In this paper, we develop the Multiple Reference Point Partially Compensatory Indicator (MRP-PCI), where a different compensation index can be established for each indicator. The resulting method can be applied to any system of indicators, and successfully considers the compensation indices given. Some examples and comparisons are used to illustrate its behavior.

A new class of isotropic generators for developing 6-DOF isotropic manipulators

Robotica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Y. Tsai ◽  
T. K. Lee ◽  
Y. S. Jang
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Parallel Manipulators ◽  
Geometric Constraint ◽  
Kinematic Chains ◽  
New Class ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Center Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Straight Lines

SUMMARYDeveloping 6-DOF isotropic manipulators using isotropic generators is simple and efficient, and isotropic generators can be employed to develop serial, redundant, or parallel isotropic manipulators. An isotropic generator consists of a reference point and six straight lines. The existing generators, however, have one common geometric constraint: the reference point is equidistant from the six straight lines. Some practical isotropic designs might not be obtained due to this constraint. This paper proposes methods for developing new isotropic generators. The generators thus developed are not subject to the constraint, and the new methods allow us to specify the location of the tool center point, the size of the platform or the base, or the shape of isotropic parallel manipulators. Many new generators are presented to develop 6-DOF parallel manipulators with different shapes or different types of kinematic chains.

scholarly journals Catalytic Production of Levulinic Acid (LA) from Actual Biomass

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Signoretto ◽  
Somayeh Taghavi ◽  
Elena Ghedini ◽  
Federica Menegazzo
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Recent Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Impact

Catalytic conversion of actual biomass to valuable chemicals is a crucial issue in green chemistry. This review discusses on the recent approach in the levulinic acid (LA) formation from three prominent generations of biomasses. Our paper highlights the impact of the nature of different types of biomass and their complex structure and impurities, different groups of catalyst, solvents, and reaction system, and condition and all related pros and cons for this process.

MRP-WSCI: Multiple reference point based weak and strong composite indicators

Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 102060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Ruiz ◽  
Samira El Gibari ◽  
José M. Cabello ◽  
Trinidad Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Composite Indicators ◽  
Multiple Reference

scholarly journals Regional Development in Russia: An Ecosystem Approach to Territorial Sustainability Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Tolstykh ◽  
Leyla Gamidullaeva ◽  
Nadezhda Shmeleva ◽  
Yuri Lapygin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Sustainability Strategies ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The current crisis has indicated the need to review the policy of economic growth and globalization towards the search for new sustainable models of the internal territory development able to resist external shocks and threats. To achieve this goal, it is required both to implement sustainability strategies, and to assess the obtained results towards sustainable development. Despite an abundance of literature on sustainability assessment, there is a lack of understanding of the application of sustainability assessment in regional/local contexts. The purpose of the article is to improve theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation of territorial (regional) ecosystems by developing a new approach to assessing its sustainability. We believe that territorial ecosystem sustainability assessment is possible through the entropy of a complex system composed of the entropies of its constituent ecosystems or the entropies of different types of territorial capital (human, production, natural). An application of the entropy approach allows to understand specific features of a particular ecosystem characteristics. We demonstrate our methodology with two empirical case studies of territorial ecosystems of Penza and Vladimir regions. As a result of the analysis, it was found that ecosystem’s sustainability is achieved, primarily, due to the natural capital of the territory. The methodology proposed in our study aims at ensuring comprehensiveness and robustness of the evaluation supporting the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Sustainability Assessment in Manufacturing under a Strong Sustainability Perspective—An Ecological Neutrality Initiative

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9232
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Pinto ◽  
Glória de Fátima Pereira Venturini ◽  
Salvatore Digiesi ◽  
Francesco Facchini ◽  
Geraldo Cardoso de Oliveira Neto
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Strong Sustainability ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Industrial Context

The concept of strong sustainability establishes ecosystem conservation as the basis for socioeconomic development. Despite the increase in the number of studies on this subject, the qualitative approach used in studies on strong sustainability makes the introduction of this theme difficult in the industrial context. The absence of a model of sustainability evaluation in manufacturing based on the concept of strong sustainability was the gap identified by this research. The objective of this study was to develop a model that embeds strong sustainability within the sustainability assessment of manufacturing companies. The research used survey methodology to obtain the opinion of experts on the relevance of sustainability metrics. Information collected from experts was used to calculate the weights of indicators and of the participation of each dimension in strong sustainability. The results indicated that strong sustainability consists of 48% of environmental, 29% of social, and 23% of economic factors. The model has been applied in a study of multiple cases in factories in the automotive sector, two in Brazil and two in Italy. The results revealed that the four companies were rated regular in the strong sustainability scale. However, the sustainability performances of the companies showed different patterns over five years. Furthermore, analysis of the individual performance of the dimensions showed that the economic growth of the two Brazilian factories was superior to the socio-environmental development. The result of the Italian units emphasized different priorities. A firm reached the best result in environmental performance and the other one on the social dimension.

scholarly journals Birds and bovids: new parietal engravings at the Romanelli Cave, Apulia

Antiquity ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Dario Sigari ◽  
Ilaria Mazzini ◽  
Jacopo Conti ◽  
Luca Forti ◽  
Giuseppe Lembo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Western Eurasia ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Palaeolithic Art ◽  
Portable Art

ABSTRACT The Romanelli Cave in south-east Italy is an important reference point for the so-called ‘Mediterranean province’ of European Upper Palaeolithic art. Yet, the site has only recently been subject to a systematic investigation of its parietal and portable art. Starting in 2016, a project has recorded the cave's interior, discovering new parietal art. Here, the authors report on a selection of panels, featuring animal figures, geometric motifs and other marks, identifying the use of different types of tools and techniques, along with several activity phases. These panels are discussed with reference to radiocarbon dating of nearby deposits, posing questions about chronology, technology and wider connections between Upper Palaeolithic cave sites across western Eurasia.

scholarly journals The Analysis and the Measurement of Poverty: An Interval Based Composite Indicator Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Drago
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Composite Indicator ◽  
Composite Indicators ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Distinct Factor ◽  
Indicator Approach ◽  
Statistical Indicators ◽  
Consistent Measurement ◽  
Random Configuration ◽  
Measurement Of Poverty

The analysis and measurement of poverty is a crucial issue in the field of social science. Poverty is a multidimensional notion that can be measured using composite indicators relevant to synthesizing statistical indicators. Subjective choices could, however, affect these indicators. We propose interval-based composite indicators to avoid the problem, enabling us in this context to obtain robust and reliable measures. Based on a relevant conceptual model of poverty we have identified, we will consider all the various factors identified. Then, considering a different random configuration of the various factors, we will compute a different composite indicator. We can obtain a different interval for each region based on the distinct factor choices on the different assumptions for constructing the composite indicator. So we will create an interval-based composite indicator based on the results obtained by the Monte-Carlo simulation of all the different assumptions. The different intervals can be compared, and various rankings for poverty can be obtained. For their parameters, such as center, minimum, maximum, and range, the poverty interval composite indicator can be considered and compared. The results demonstrate a relevant and consistent measurement of the indicator and the shadow sector's relevant impact on the final measures.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF BIOMASS ASH UTILIZATION FROM BOILER HOUSES IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
V.G. Kramar
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Biomass Ash ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Complex Procedure ◽  
Ash Formation ◽  
Annual Biomass ◽  
State Registration ◽  
Physical And Chemical

As  result of the study, it was estimated that in 2019 in Ukraine  the annual biomass ash formation to be utilized, amounted to 132 thousand tons, and in the future, subject to the goals of bioenergy development, it may increase almost 10 times until 2050. The main way to treat biomass ash in Ukraine is to bury it in landfills, partly use in landfills as an insulating material, and partly as fertilizer, mainly in homesteads. In Ukraine, the widespread use of biomass ash is limited by the lack of legal requirements for its utilization, absence of technical requirements for its use in the construction industry, complex procedure of state registration of pesticides and agrochemicals, which puts biomass ash in unequal competitition with the mineral fertilizers. Also, a certain barrier to the use of biomass ash as a fertilizer is its physical and chemical characteristics, which require special methods of its application. The increase in useful utilization of ash requires field research of its effectiveness as a fertilizer, development of different types of fertilizers based on biomass ash for different types of soils and crops and methods of their use with proven efficiency, development of the most efficient utilization methods of the ash, which does not meet the requirements of its use in agriculture, in other industries.

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