scholarly journals The Impact of Selecting a Validation Method in Machine Learning on Predicting Basketball Game Outcomes

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Horvat ◽  
Ladislav Havaš ◽  
Dunja Srpak
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Test Validation ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Validation Method ◽  
Validation Methods ◽  
Independent Events ◽  
The Impact

Interest in sports predictions as well as the public availability of large amounts of structured and unstructured data are increasing every day. As sporting events are not completely independent events, but characterized by the influence of the human factor, the adequate selection of the analysis process is very important. In this paper, seven different classification machine learning algorithms are used and validated with two validation methods: Train&Test and cross-validation. Validation methods were analyzed and critically reviewed. The obtained results are analyzed and compared. Analyzing the results of the used machine learning algorithms, the best average prediction results were obtained by using the nearest neighbors algorithm and the worst prediction results were obtained by using decision trees. The cross-validation method obtained better results than the Train&Test validation method. The prediction results of the Train&Test validation method by using disjoint datasets and up-to-date data were also compared. Better results were obtained by using up-to-date data. In addition, directions for future research are also explained.

Forecasting US movies box office performances in Turkey using machine learning algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 6579-6590
Author(s):  
Sandy Çağlıyor ◽  
Başar Öztayşi ◽  
Selime Sezgin
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Industry Forecast ◽  
The Impact

The motion picture industry is one of the largest industries worldwide and has significant importance in the global economy. Considering the high stakes and high risks in the industry, forecast models and decision support systems are gaining importance. Several attempts have been made to estimate the theatrical performance of a movie before or at the early stages of its release. Nevertheless, these models are mostly used for predicting domestic performances and the industry still struggles to predict box office performances in overseas markets. In this study, the aim is to design a forecast model using different machine learning algorithms to estimate the theatrical success of US movies in Turkey. From various sources, a dataset of 1559 movies is constructed. Firstly, independent variables are grouped as pre-release, distributor type, and international distribution based on their characteristic. The number of attendances is discretized into three classes. Four popular machine learning algorithms, artificial neural networks, decision tree regression and gradient boosting tree and random forest are employed, and the impact of each group is observed by compared by the performance models. Then the number of target classes is increased into five and eight and results are compared with the previously developed models in the literature.

scholarly journals An analytical survey on the role of machine learning algorithms in case of intrusion detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Anand Vijay ◽  
Kailash Patidar ◽  
Manoj Yadav ◽  
Rishi Kushwah
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Intrusion Detection System ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Handling Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

In this paper an analytical survey on the role of machine learning algorithms in case of intrusion detection has been presented and discussed. This paper shows the analytical aspects in the development of efficient intrusion detection system (IDS). The related study for the development of this system has been presented in terms of computational methods. The discussed methods are data mining, artificial intelligence and machine learning. It has been discussed along with the attack parameters and attack types. This paper also elaborates the impact of different attack and handling mechanism based on the previous papers.

scholarly journals Teleconsultations between Patients and Healthcare Professionals in Primary Care in Catalonia: the Evaluation of Text Classification Algorithms Using Machine Learning

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc López Seguí ◽  
Ricardo Ander Egg Aguilar ◽  
Gabriel de Maeztu ◽  
Anna García-Altés ◽  
Francesc García Cuyàs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Text Classification ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Classification Tool ◽  
The Impact

Background: the primary care service in Catalonia has operated an asynchronous teleconsulting service between GPs and patients since 2015 (eConsulta), which has generated some 500,000 messages. New developments in big data analysis tools, particularly those involving natural language, can be used to accurately and systematically evaluate the impact of the service. Objective: the study was intended to examine the predictive potential of eConsulta messages through different combinations of vector representation of text and machine learning algorithms and to evaluate their performance. Methodology: 20 machine learning algorithms (based on 5 types of algorithms and 4 text representation techniques)were trained using a sample of 3,559 messages (169,102 words) corresponding to 2,268 teleconsultations (1.57 messages per teleconsultation) in order to predict the three variables of interest (avoiding the need for a face-to-face visit, increased demand and type of use of the teleconsultation). The performance of the various combinations was measured in terms of precision, sensitivity, F-value and the ROC curve. Results: the best-trained algorithms are generally effective, proving themselves to be more robust when approximating the two binary variables "avoiding the need of a face-to-face visit" and "increased demand" (precision = 0.98 and 0.97, respectively) rather than the variable "type of query"(precision = 0.48). Conclusion: to the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate a machine learning strategy for text classification using primary care teleconsultation datasets. The study illustrates the possible capacities of text analysis using artificial intelligence. The development of a robust text classification tool could be feasible by validating it with more data, making it potentially more useful for decision support for health professionals.

Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms in the Interpolation and Extrapolation of Flame Describing Functions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McCartney ◽  
Matthias Haeringer ◽  
Wolfgang Polifke
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Gaussian Processes ◽  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Data Points ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper examines and compares commonly used Machine Learning algorithms in their performance in interpolation and extrapolation of FDFs, based on experimental and simulation data. Algorithm performance is evaluated by interpolating and extrapolating FDFs and then the impact of errors on the limit cycle amplitudes are evaluated using the xFDF framework. The best algorithms in interpolation and extrapolation were found to be the widely used cubic spline interpolation, as well as the Gaussian Processes regressor. The data itself was found to be an important factor in defining the predictive performance of a model, therefore a method of optimally selecting data points at test time using Gaussian Processes was demonstrated. The aim of this is to allow a minimal amount of data points to be collected while still providing enough information to model the FDF accurately. The extrapolation performance was shown to decay very quickly with distance from the domain and so emphasis should be put on selecting measurement points in order to expand the covered domain. Gaussian Processes also give an indication of confidence on its predictions and is used to carry out uncertainty quantification, in order to understand model sensitivities. This was demonstrated through application to the xFDF framework.

The impact of Negative to Positive Training Dataset Ratio on Atrial Fibrillation Classification Machine Learning Algorithms Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 1500 ◽  
pp. 012131
Author(s):  
Firdaus ◽  
Andre Herviant Juliano ◽  
Naufal Rachmatullah ◽  
Sarifah Putri Rafflesia ◽  
Dinna Yunika Hardiyanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Assessment of Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of Breast Cancer Malignancy Based on Mammogram Numeric Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T. Habib ◽  
Alsamman M. Alsamman ◽  
Sameh E. Hassnein ◽  
Ghada A. Shereif ◽  
Aladdin Hamwieh
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Adjusted Rand Index ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Term Care

Abstractin 2019, estimated New Cases 268.600, Breast cancer has one of the most common cancers and is one of the world’s leading causes of death for women. Classification and data mining is an efficient way to classify information. Particularly in the medical field where prediction techniques are commonly used for early detection and effective treatment in diagnosis and research.These paper tests models for the mammogram analysis of breast cancer information from 23 of the more widely used machine learning algorithms such as Decision Tree, Random forest, K-nearest neighbors and support vector machine. The spontaneously splits results are distributed from a replicated 10-fold cross-validation method. The accuracy calculated by Regression Metrics such as Mean Absolute Error, Mean Squared Error, R2 Score and Clustering Metrics such as Adjusted Rand Index, Homogeneity, V-measure.accuracy has been checked F-Measure, AUC, and Cross-Validation. Thus, proper identification of patients with breast cancer would create care opportunities, for example, the supervision and the implementation of intervention plans could benefit the quality of long-term care. Experimental results reveal that the maximum precision 100%with the lowest error rate is obtained with Ada-boost Classifier.

scholarly journals Performance of three machine learning algorithms for predicting soil organic carbon in German agricultural soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sakhaee ◽  
Anika Gebauer ◽  
Mareike Ließ ◽  
Axel Don
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Soil organic carbon (SOC), as the largest terrestrial carbon pool, has the potential to influence climate change and mitigation, and consequently SOC monitoring is important in the frameworks of different international treaties. There is therefore a need for high resolution SOC maps. Machine learning (ML) offers new opportunities to do this due to its capability for data mining of large datasets. The aim of this study, therefore, was to test three commonly used algorithms in digital soil mapping – random forest (RF), boosted regression trees (BRT) and support vector machine for regression (SVR) – on the first German Agricultural Soil Inventory to model agricultural topsoil SOC content. Nested cross-validation was implemented for model evaluation and parameter tuning. Moreover, grid search and differential evolution algorithm were applied to ensure that each algorithm was tuned and optimised suitably. The SOC content of the German Agricultural Soil Inventory was highly variable, ranging from 4 g kg−1 to 480 g kg−1. However, only 4 % of all soils contained more than 87 g kg−1 SOC and were considered organic or degraded organic soils. The results show that SVR provided the best performance with RMSE of 32 g kg−1 when the algorithms were trained on the full dataset. However, the average RMSE of all algorithms decreased by 34 % when mineral and organic soils were modeled separately, with the best result from SVR with RMSE of 21 g kg−1. Model performance is often limited by the size and quality of the available soil dataset for calibration and validation. Therefore, the impact of enlarging the training data was tested by including 1223 data points from the European Land Use/Land Cover Area Frame Survey for agricultural sites in Germany. The model performance was enhanced for maximum 1 % for mineral soils and 2 % for organic soils. Despite the capability of machine learning algorithms in general, and particularly SVR, in modelling SOC on a national scale, the study showed that the most important to improve the model performance was separate modelling of mineral and organic soils.

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