scholarly journals SYMBIOTIC ACTIVITY OF MEDICAGO VARIA MART. DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF NITROGEN NUTRITION

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Kozyreva ◽  
◽  
L.Zh. Basieva ◽  
A.Kh. Kozyrev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Molecular Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Industrial Strain ◽  
Symbiotic System ◽  
Mountain Zone

The issue of the use of mineral forms of nitrogen for legumes is still a source of debate among scientists. Under the environmental conditions of the foothill zone of RNO-Alania, the field experiments were laid to study the activity of the symbiotic system and the productivity of the alfalfa depending on the type of nitrogen nutrition and the presence of a virulent active strain of rhizobia. The research was carried out in 2017– 2019. Soil – chernozems leached. Objects: crops of Medicago varia Mart.; industrial strain of rhizotorphin 425a; inoculum of high-mountain strains of nodule bacteria; starting doses of nitrogen fertilizers. The dimensions of the symbiotic apparatus were studied according to the G.S. Posypanov method. The specific activity of symbiosis was 4.2 to 9.0 mg/kg. The maximum amount of air nitrogen (456.1 kg/ha) for three years of experiments was fixed by the symbiotic system of alfalfa in the variant with pre-sowing seed inoculation with high-mountain strains of nodule bacteria. This indicates their higher activity and competitiveness compared to the industrial strain of rhizotorphin 425a and indigenous strains of rhizobia from the pre-mountain zone of RNO-Alania. Mineral forms of nitrogen significantly inhibited the activity of the symbiotic system. As a result, the amount of fixed nitrogen decreased by 3.5–9.0 %. In the pre-mountain zone, under natural conditions, the growth and development of plants were provided with atmospheric nitrogen by 66 %, the rest of the need for the element (34 %) they satisfied with soil nitrogen. The maximum involvement of molecular nitrogen of the atmosphere in the biological cycle was distinguished by the variant with pre-sowing inoculation of seeds by virulent active strains of rhizobia, in which the share of air nitrogen participation in plant nutrition averaged 71–73 % over the three years of research.

scholarly journals PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS OF ALFALFA CROPS IN RELATION TO THE TYPE OF NITROGEN NUTRITION

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
M. Iu. Kozyreva ◽  
L. Zh. Basieva
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Starting Dose ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Positive Effect

The paper shows the results of field experiments conducted in 2017-2019. The experiments were devoted to photosynthetic indices of alfalfa in relation to the type of nitrogen nutrition and symbiotic activity of crops. The experiments with alfalfa blue-hybrid were carried out in environmental conditions of the piedmont zone of RNO-Alania on chernozem leached soil with close occurrence of gravel. The researchers compared mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of alfalfa plants; they applied mineral nitrogen fertilizers and biospecimens on the basis of rizobium. In natural conditions (control group) the crops formed photosynthetic potential from 1701.3 thousand m²-days/ha per year of sowing to 3624.3 thousand m²-days/ha in the second year of sowing. Crop rates in the third year had intermediate values between the first and second years of crop use. The effect of starting doses of nitrogen fertilizers was observed during the sowing year in its early stages, when the symbiotic system is still underdeveloped and inactive. When estimating the annual average photosynthetic potential, starting nitrogen doses gave an advantage of only 1.6%. Presowing inoculation of seeds by active strains of strawberry bacteria provided the maximum positive effect, while high mountain strains of rizobium were more effective. Average annual parameter of photosynthetic potential varied from 2699.1to3189.4 thousand m² days/ha, increasing with the improvement of nitrogen nutrition. Inoculation of seeds by high-altitude strains of tuber bacteria increased photosynthetic potential to its maximum values or by 18.2%. In the same variant, as well as in the variant with the starting dose of nitrogen, the maximum values of net productivity of photosynthesis were achieved, which exceeded the values of the control variant by 0.09-0.11 g/m²- day.

scholarly journals Dynamics of alfalfa leaf area depending on nitrogen feeding type

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Marina Yurievna Kozyreva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
First Year ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Feeding Type ◽  
First Year Of Life

The results of field studies for 2017-2019 of dynamics of assimilation surface of alfalfa crops depending on the type of nitrogen nutrition and symbiotic activity of crops are given. Tests with Medicago varia Mart. were carried out in environmental conditions of the pre-mountain zone of RNO-Alania (540 meters above sea level) on the black earth leached with close occurrence of pebbles. Mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of alfalfa plants were compared. The experience scheme included options: control - natural soil fertility; In-1800 - treatment of seeds with inoculum of strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria selected in high mountain conditions (1800 m above sea level); Strain 425a - inoculation of seeds with industrial strain rhizotorphin (strain 425a); N30 - starting nitrogen dose; N30+In is the joint use of highland strains of bacteria and starting doses of nitrogen. Seeds were treated with the strains studied before sowing. Mineral nitrogen fertilizers were introduced annually early in spring in the form of starting doses. It has been established that the minimum areas of leaves on all variants are observed in the first year of life, in the second year of use of crops the maximum assimilation surface is formed in plants, in the third year - indicators gradually decrease. Every year, the maximum assimilation surface is formed by perennial leguminous herbs to the budding stage - the beginning of flowering (bevel has fallen). The dynamics of leaf surface build-up is directly proportional to the activity of symbiotic relationships with rhizobias. In variants with the highest symbiotic activity (In-1800 and N30+In) the area of leaves reaches maximum values and exceeds 40 thousand m ?/ha in certain years.

scholarly journals Growth and development of Alfalfa depending on the type of nitrogen nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Marina Yu. Kozyreva ◽  
Larisa Zh. Basieva ◽  
Al-Azawi Nagham Majeed Hameed ◽  
Alda Kh. Chibirova ◽  
Khetag M. Khetagurov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
The Third ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Plant Stand

Mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of plants were compared in experiments with the blue-hybrid alfalfa. Variants with seed inoculation by high-mountain strains of nodule bacteria (In-1800 and N30+In) had the maximum height of plants during all experimental years (40-70 cm), which is explained by the better nitrogen provision of plants. At the same time, the effect of the mineral forms of nitrogen appeared only in the year of sowing at the beginning of the growing season to the first mowing, in the future the differences between these options were neutralized. The foliage intensity of plants was in the range of 41.4-54.8%, increasing due to the improved availability of biologically bound nitrogen in plants. Mineral forms of nitrogen reduced plants’ foliage coverage in all experimental years, however, this decrease was noted only in the initial periods of vegetation. The maximum indicators of foliage coverage were noted in the In-1800 variant. By the end of the third year of crops use, the plant stand density was 980-1100 thousand units/ha, and the total thinning of alfalfa crops reached 45-51%. At the same time, the symbiotrophic type of nitrogen nutrition made it possible to significantly increase the competitiveness of plants, which ultimately affected the persistence of the crop density.

scholarly journals COMPOSITION OF STRAINS BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM AND ITS USE FOR SOYBEAN INOCULATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
D. V. Krutylo
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Molecular Nitrogen ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Symbiotic System ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Soybean Plants

In the vegetation experiment conditions it was established that the greatest effect of soybean bacterization can be obtained by two strains of nodule bacteria with slow (Bradyrhizobium japonicum 46) and intensive (B. japonicum КВ11) growth rates when these strains used in inoculum in the ratio 1 : 1 (binary composition). In compared to the mono-inoculation the combined use of these strains contributed the formation of balanced symbiotic system, increase the level of molecular nitrogen fixation, content of chlorophyll in the biomass leaves and above ground mass of different soybean plants varieties on 7.8–19.6 %. In a field experiment inoculation of soybean seeds with a composition of B. japonicum strains to increase the soybean yields by 11.1–13.7 % compared to the mono-inoculation.

scholarly journals Nitrogen regime of haplic Luvisol in orchards at fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03013
Author(s):  
Elena Leonicheva ◽  
Tatyana Roeva ◽  
Larisa Leonteva ◽  
Maxim Stolyarov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Central Russian Upland

The aim of the investigation was to research the mineral nitrogen (Nmin) behavior in loamy haplic Luvisols of orchards located in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Russian Upland. The seasonal dynamics of N min (ammonium + nitrates) was studied during the growing seasons of 2018 and 2019 in field experiments with apple and sour cherry. Fertilizers were applied annually in spring at doses increasing from N30K40 to N120K160. The most important factors influencing the nitrogen dynamics were meteorological conditions, productivity of trees, peculiarities of nitrogen uptake by the studied crops. Fertilization of orchards with nitrogen contributed to an increase in Nmin content by 1.5 … 5 times, depending on the dose. The dynamics of Nmin in the soil of fertilized and unfertilized plots was similar and depended on the biological features of the crops: the lowest indicator’s level in the soil under sour cherry was in July during fruit ripening, while in the apple orchard a low nitrogen content was noted in August. Studies have shown that in the climatic conditions of the Central Russian Uplands, loamy haplic Luvisols without additional application of nitrogen fertilizers can provide a favorable level of nitrogen nutrition for apple and sour cherry trees in the first years of fruiting.

Control of Silvery-Thread Moss (Bryum argenteum Hedw.) in Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) Putting Greens

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith D. Burnell ◽  
Fred H. Yelverton ◽  
Joseph C. Neal ◽  
Travis W. Gannon ◽  
J. Scott McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Agrostis Palustris ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
Elk River ◽  
Turfgrass Quality

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate chemicals for silvery-thread moss control and bentgrass turfgrass quality. Treatments included iron (Fe)-containing products, nitrogen fertilizers, Ultra Dawn dishwashing detergent (UD) at 3% (v/v), and oxadiazon. In general, greater silvery-thread moss control was achieved with Fe-containing products. Ferrous sulfate at 40 kg Fe/ha plus ammonium sulfate at 30 kg N/ha, a combined product of ferrous oxide, ferrous sulfate, and iron humates (FEOSH) at 125 kg Fe/ha, and a combined product of iron disulfide and ferrous sulfate (FEDS) at 112 kg Fe/ha reduced silvery-thread moss populations 87, 81, and 69%, respectively, 6 wk after initial treatment (WAIT). UD reduced silvery-thread moss populations 57% 6 WAIT. The addition of oxadiazon to Fe-containing treatments did not improve silvery-thread moss population reduction. Other experiments evaluated two formulations of chlorothalonil, each applied at two rates, chlorothalonil with zinc at 9.5 and 17.4 kg ai/ha and chlorothalonil without zinc at 9.1 and 18.2 kg/ ha, and two spray volumes (2,038 and 4,076 L/ha). Greater silvery-thread moss population reduction was observed at Jefferson Landing in 1999 compared with Elk River in 1999 and 2000. Rainfall events at Elk River in 1999 and 2000 within 24 h after application and no rain at Jefferson Landing may account for variation in performance of products between sites. However, no difference in chlorothalonil formulation, rate, or spray volume was observed in any location or year. These data indicate that Fe-containing fertilizers or chlorothalonil can be used to reduce silvery-thread moss populations in creeping bentgrass putting greens.

VARIABILITY OF RICE VARIETIES OF RUSSIAN BREEDING WITH LOW AMYLOSE CONTENT ON TECHNOLOGICAL GRAIN QUALITY TRAITS IN CONNECTION WITH THE NITROGEN NUTRITION LEVEL IN VEGETATION CONDITIONS IN ABINSKY DISTRICT, KRASNODAR REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.B. Kumeyko ◽  
◽  
N.G. Tumanian
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Different Doses

The article studies the technological grain quality traits of rice varieties of Russian breeding Rapan, Flagman, Olimp, Azov, Patriot in the yield of 2017-2019 grown in the Abinsky district, Krasnodar region. Purpose of the research was to study the effect of doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the technological grain quality traits of rice varieties with a low amylose content. Rice varieties were evaluated by mass of 1000 absolutely dry grains, filminess, vitreousity, and fracture when grown with different doses of nitrogen fertilizers N60, N120. With an increase in the dose of nitrogen to N120, "the mass of 1000 absolutely dry grains", "vitreousity", "fracture" remained unchanged or the "filminess" changed. The pattern of changes in grain quality traits may indicate an intensive type of varieties Rapan and Olimp.

REACTION OF RICE VARIETIES PERMITED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH YIELD FORMATION WITH A HIGH GRAIN QUALITY ON LEVEL OF NITROGEN NUTRITION IN AGROLANDSCAPE ZONES OF KRASNODAR REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. Tumanian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Yield Formation ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

An increase in the doses of nitrogen fertilizers applied during the cultivation of new rice varieties Nautilus and Yakhont in the old-deltoid and valley agrolandscape zones led to significant changes in grain quality traits. The grain size of the varieties grown in the Krasnoarsmeysky district did not change due to the level of nitrogen fertilizers, for those grown in the Abinsky district, decreased by 0.3 g in variety Nautilus and increased in variety Yakhont with increased dose of applied nitrogen. The vitreousity of grain increased in Nautilus in the Krasnoarmeysky district by 2%, in Abinsky - by 7%; in the variety Yakhont - increased by 2% and practically did not change, respectively. A tendency toward a decrease in grain fracture in the Krasnoarmeysky district and an increase in head rice content in the variety Nautilus in the Krasnoarmeysky and Abinsky districts was noted.

FEATURES OF THE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION OF KARACHAY GOATS DEPENDING ON DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS OF BREEDING

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
М.I. SELIONOVA ◽  
◽  
Т.V. МАМОNTOVA ◽  
А.–М.М. AYBAZOV
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Potential Fecundity ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
The North ◽  
Mountain Zone ◽  
Goat Population

In recent years, goat breeds with a dairy-meat-wool or combined productivity type, represented by local breeds that are bred mainly in the foothills and mountainous regions of the North Caucasus, Altai, Tyva and Khakassia, have become increasingly widespread in Russia. The Karachay goat population is the most interesting for research, since in their breeding was aimed at obtaining animals with a number of unique productive characteristics and capable of producing the required outputs under the harsh conditions of the mountain and foothill zones of the Caucasus. In view of the limited research on these animals, in particular their reproductive functions, the aim of this study was to investigate the natural implementation of the reproductive function of the Karachay goats in different geographical areas of breeding. There are slight differences in some parameters of Karachay goat reproduction in high mountain zone (from 2000 m a.s.l.) and middle mountain zone (1000–1500 m a.s.l.). An important conclusion is that the recognized low fertility of the Karachay goats is not genetically determined. Analyzing the number of ovulations and fresh yellow bodies in the ovaries by laparoscopy using Karl Storz (Germany) endoscopic equipment, the authors found a potential fecundity of 3.1 (2.8 to 3.4).

CHARACTERISTICS OF MILLING YIELD OF RICE VARIETIES OF RUSSIAN BREEDING GROWN IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS OF NITROGEN NUTRITION IN THE ABINSKIY DISTRICT OF THE KRASNODAR REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.Y. Papulova ◽  
◽  
K.K Olkhovaya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Milling Yield ◽  
Different Doses

The work shows that application of increased doses of nitrogen does not significantly affect the total milling yield and affects the head rice content. The ambiguous nature of the variability of the grain quality of rice varieties under conditions of different doses of nitrogen fertilizers confirms the need for further studies of the varietal reaction to the level of nitrogen nutrition, based on it - the development of rice cultivation technology modes in order to obtain rice yield with high grain quality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document