scholarly journals Evaluation some important microbiological parameters of the carbon cycle in chernozem soils profiles

2016 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
János Kátai ◽  
Zsolt Sándor ◽  
Magdolna Tállai ◽  
Ágnes Zsuposné Oáh
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Organic C

Some chemical and microbiological properties of the carbon cycle were investigated in three chernozem soil profiles. The soil profiles originated from a long term fertilization experiment (potato) of the University of Debrecen, Látókép, Kryvyi Rig Botanic Garden (grassland) and a large-scale farm (sunflower) of Ukraine. The results of the organic C-content, total number of bacteria, microscopical fungi, cellulose decomposing bacteria, CO2-production, microbial biomass carbon and saccharase and dehydrogenase activities were compared and evaluated with the help of correlation analyses. Close correlation was found between the organic carbon content and the number of microscopical fungi,, saccharase and dehydrogenase enzymes’ activities, as well as close correlation was found between the dehydrogenase activity and microbial biomass-C and saccharase activity.

Seasonal trends in selected soil biochemical attributes: Effects of crop rotation in the semiarid prairie

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
V. O. Biederbeck ◽  
G. Wen ◽  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
J. Schoenau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Light Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C And N

Measurements of seasonal changes in soil biochemical attributes can provide valuable information on how crop management and weather variables influence soil quality. We sampled soil from the 0- to 7.5-cm depth of two long-term crop rotations [continuous wheat (Cont W) and both phases of fallow-wheat (F–W)] at Swift Current, Saskatchewan, from early May to mid-October, 11 times in 1995 and 9 times in 1996. The soil is a silt loam, Orthic Brown Chernozem with pH 6.0, in dilute CaCl2. We monitored changes in organic C (OC) and total N (TN), microbial biomass C (MBC), light fraction C and N (LFC and LFN), mineralizable C (Cmin) and N (Nmin), and water-soluble organic C (WSOC). All biochemical attributes, except MBC, showed higher values for Cont W than for F–W, reflecting the historically higher crop residue inputs, less frequent tillage, and drier conditions of Cont W. Based on the seasonal mean values for 1996, we concluded that, after 29 yr, F–W has degraded soil organic C and total N by about 15% compared to Cont W. In the same period it has degraded the labile attributes, except MBC, much more. For example, WSOC is degraded by 22%, Cmin and Nmin by 45% and LFC and LFN by 60–75%. Organic C and TN were constant during the season because one year's C and N inputs are small compared to the total soil C or N. All the labile attributes varied markedly throughout the seasons. We explained most of the seasonal variability in soil biochemical attributes in terms of C and N inputs from crop residues and rhizodeposition, and the influences of soil moisture, precipitation and temperature. Using multiple regression, we related the biochemical attributes to soil moisture and the weather variables, accounting for 20% of the variability in MBC, 27% of that of Nmin, 29% for LFC, 52% for Cmin, and 66% for WSOC. In all cases the biochemical attributes were negatively related to precipitation, soil moisture, temperature and their interactions. We interpreted this to mean that conditions favouring decomposition of organic matter in situ result in decreases in these attributes when they are measured subsequently under laboratory conditions. We concluded that when assessing changes in OC or TN over years, measurements can be made at any time during a year. However, if assessing changes in the labile soil attributes, several measurements should be made during a season or, measurements be made near the same time each year. Key words: Microbial biomass, carbon, nitrogen, mineralization, water-soluble-C, light fraction, weather variables

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of certain soil microbiological characteristics of the carbon cycle

2016 ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Bence Mátyás ◽  
Judit Horváth ◽  
János Kátai
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Long Term Experiment

In our researches, we examine the soil microbial parameters related to the carbon cycle. In this study, we compare the changes of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and the soil CO2 production in soil samples which were taken in spring and autumn. The 30 years old long-term experiment of Debrecen-Látókép is continued in our experiments. The long-term fertilization experiment was set in 1983, and our sample was taken in spring 2014. The examinations of soil respiration processes and factors that influence soil respiration are required in optimal management. In our study, we interested to know how the growing levels of fertilization influence the soil respiration and microbial biomass carbon under non-irrigated and irrigated conditions in maize mono, bi, and triculture.

Short-term effects on soil of biogas digestate, biochar and their combinations

Soil Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Cardelli ◽  
Gabriele Giussani ◽  
Fausto Marchini ◽  
Alessandro Saviozzi
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Microbial

The use of the residual material from waste aerobic digestion and biochar as amendments is currently discussed in the literature concerning the positive and negative effects on soil quality. We assessed the suitability of digestate (D) from biogas production and green biochar (B) to improve soil biological activity and antioxidant capacity and investigated whether there is an interaction between digestate and biochar applied to soil in combination. In a short-term (100-days) laboratory incubation, we monitored soil chemical and biological parameters. We compared soil amendments with 1% D (D1), 5% D (D5), 1% B (B), digestate–biochar combinations (D1+B and D5+B), and soil with no amendment. In D5, CO2 production, antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and dehydrogenase activity (DH-ase) and the contents of microbial biomass C, DOC and alkali-soluble phenols increased to the highest level. The biochar increased the total organic C (TOC) and TEAC of soil but decreased DOC, CO2 production, microbial biomass C, and DH-ase. The addition of biochar to digestate reduced soluble compounds (DOC and phenols), thus limiting the amount and activity of the soil microbial biomass (CO2 production and DH-ase). After 100 days of incubation D5+B showed the highest TOC content (82.8% of the initial amount). Both applied alone and in combination with digestate, the biochar appears to enrich the soil C sink by reducing CO2 emissions into the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Effect of Residue Type on Extractable Organic and Microbial Biomass Carbon Fractions Under Long-Term Soil Fertilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninghui Xie ◽  
Sean Michael Schaeffer ◽  
Tingting An ◽  
Yingde Xu ◽  
Shuangyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Residue Type ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C Pools ◽  
Fertilized Soil

Abstract The labile organic carbon (C) pool plays a vital role in soil biogeochemical transformation and can be used as a sensitive indicator of the response of soil quality to agricultural practice. However, little is known about how residue type and soil fertilization affect the incorporation of residue C into labile organic C pools. A 360-day laboratory incubation was conducted with the addition of 13C-labeled maize residues (root, stem and leaf) to unfertilized and organic-fertilized soils. A greater contribution of residue C to extractable organic C (EOC, 7.2%) was observed in the unfertilized soil than that in the organic-fertilized soil (6.0%). The contribution of residue C to microbial biomass C (MBC) was 20%-50% in the organic-fertilized soil, but only 10%-30% in the unfertilized soil. This suggests that, in organic-fertilized soil, there is accelerated transformation of residue C into microbial biomass and a higher capacity for residue C stabilization through greater, or more efficient anabolism. Moreover, the distribution of leaf C into MBC was higher than that from root and stem in the unfertilized soil, whereas more root C entered to EOC and MBC than from stem and leaf in the organic-fertilized soil. This shows that maize root can also be involved in microbial assimilation, but it depends on the initial soil nutrition. Overall, these findings deepen our understanding of the mechanisms of microbe-mediated C transformation processes, and provide relevant insights into the capture and incorporation of plant residue C into labile organic C pools driven by residue type and soil fertilization.

scholarly journals Assessment of Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in Some Tea Soils of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
SM Abdur Rahman ◽  
ARM Solaiman
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Biomass N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Tea Garden

Microbial biomass carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and their contribution to soil organic carbon and total N contents were assessed in soils collected from Bilashchara Tea Estate under Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI), Srimangal of Moulavibazar district, and Sripur Tea Garden under Jaintapur of Sylhet district. Microbial biomass C and N in Bila shchara Tea Estate soils varied from 90.4-144.0 and 20.5-29.0 mg/kg soil, and that of Sripur Tea Garden soils varied from 120.7-362.0 and 26.6-59.5 mg/kg soil, respectively. Within the two tea growing areas biomass C/N ratios ranged from 3.35-6.12. Relationships between biomass C and organic carbon and biomass N and total N were positively correlated. The contribution of biomass C to soil organic C was 1.23%, ranging from 0.9-1.55% and the contribution of biomass N to total N content of the soils ranged from 1.19-2.89%. Keywords: Biomass carbon (C); Biomass nitrogen (N); Organic C; Total N; Tea soilDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4850 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 21-25

Soil microbial biomass carbon and phosphorus as affected by frequent drying–rewetting

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Lu Lai ◽  
Xiaorong Zhao ◽  
Guitong Li ◽  
Qimei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Drying And Rewetting ◽  
Extractable P

Drying and rewetting (DRW) events are very common in arable land. However, it is not clear how the frequency of DRW stress history influences soil carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) dynamics under field conditions. In this study, an arable loam calcareous soil was treated with simulated farming practices that included wheat straw and nitrogen incorporation and three DRW cycles at intervals of 14 days during a 90-day experimental period of incubation at 25°C. The DRW events significantly increased cumulative CO2-C evolution, but the increase rate of cumulative CO2-C evolution declined with increasing DRW cycles. Microbial biomass C (MBC) and P (MBP) decreased by 9–55% and 9–29%, respectively, following each DRW event, but recovered to the level before DRW treatment within 7 days. Frequent drying and rewetting caused significant increases in both extractable organic C and NaHCO3-extractable P, by 10–112% and 10–18%, respectively. The fluctuation of the tested parameters became less with increasing frequency of DRW cycles. Changes in microbial biomass, either MBC or MBP, were poorly correlated with those of extractable organic C and NaHCO3-extractable P. Overall, frequent DRW cycles had much stronger and longer lasting impact on soil biomass P dynamics than biomass C. These findings may imply certain links among soil moisture, microbial activity and nutrient bioavailability that are important in water and nutrient management.

Dynamics of soil microbial biomass C, soluble organic C and CO2 evolution after three years of manure application

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rochette ◽  
E. G. Gregorich
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Manure Amendments ◽  
Soluble C

Application of manure and fertilizer affects the rate and extent of mineralization and sequestration of C in soil. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of 3 yr of application of N fertilizer and different manure amendments on CO2 evolution and the dynamics of soil microbial biomass and soluble C in the field. Soil respiration, soluble organic C and microbial biomass C were measured at intervals over the growing season in maize soils amended with stockpiled or rotted manure, N fertilizer (200 kg N ha−1) and with no amendments (control). Manure amendments increased soil respiration and levels of soluble organic C and microbial biomass C by a factor of 2 to 3 compared with the control, whereas the N fertilizer had little effect on any parameter. Soil temperature explained most of the variations in CO2 flux (78 to 95%) in each treatment, but data from all treatments could not be fitted to a unique relationship. Increases in CO2 emission and soluble C resulting from manure amendments were strongly correlated (r2 = 0.75) with soil temperature. This observation confirms that soluble C is an active C pool affected by biological activity. The positive correlation between soluble organic C and soil temperature also suggests that production of soluble C increases more than mineralization of soluble C as temperature increases. The total manure-derived CO2-C was equivalent to 52% of the applied stockpiled-manure C and 67% of the applied rotted-manure C. Estimates of average turnover rates of microbial biomass ranged between 0.72 and 1.22 yr−1 and were lowest in manured soils. Manured soils also had large quantities of soluble C with a slower turnover rate than that in either fertilized or unamended soils. Key words: Soil respiration, greenhouse gas, soil carbon

Soil micro-arthropod communities and microbial parameters in the potato ridge under two field management systems on sandy loams in Atlantic Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Carter ◽  
C. Noronha
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
Soil Microbial

Intensive forms of soil management occur in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production systems, but little is known about the influence of such practices on soil biological properties. Microbial biomass C, phosphatase activity, and the abundance (number), richness (family groups), and diversity of soil micro-arthropods (Collembola and mites) were compared in conventional and adjacent integrated pest management (IPM) systems of 3-yr potato rotations, established on fine sandy loams in Prince Edward Island, Atlantic Canada. The study was conducted at two sites over a 2-yr period. Soil microbial parameters were generally similar between management systems. Management differences showed some effect on micro-arthropod abundance and richness in three of the eight comparisons. Under optimum soil-water conditions, both Collembola and mite communities increased over the growing season regardless of management system. Key words: Soil management for potato, Collembola, mites, soil microbial biomass carbon, acid phosphatase, integrated pest management

Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Microorganism in Zhalong Reed Wetland

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 2992-2998
Author(s):  
Ling Ma ◽  
Sheng Nan Liu ◽  
Xin Hua Ding ◽  
Wei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon

In this paper, the spatial distributions and seasonal dynamics of soil microbes and microbial biomass were investigated in a typical reed marsh in Zhalong natural wetlands.We wanted to explore the main factors that impacted their spatio-temporal patterns. The results showed that: Bacteria were dominant, followed by actinomyces and fungi were at least in the soil microbes community. The seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were more regularly, and their change patterns were significantly as "W" types. The response of soil microbial biomass in Bottom (10-30cm) to time was slower than the surface, and it fluctuated tinily in every months. The correlation analysis shows that the soil nutrient and soil microbial activity had close relationship. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were all significantly positively correlated to quantities of fungus, organic carbon content and Alkali-hytrolyzabel N content(P<0.01), but negative extremely significantly correlated with pH (P<0.01).

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