scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF IRON COATINGS OF HIGH THICKNESS OBTAINED BY THE ELECTROGALVANIC METHOD WITH MECHANICAL LAYER-LAYER HARDENING

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Olga Gorozhankina ◽  
Irina Vinokurova ◽  
Anvar Kadirmetov
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coating Deposition ◽  
Research Technique ◽  
Iron Coatings

The process of electrogalvanic production of coatings of increased thickness with layer-by-layer mechanical hardening is considered. The mode of deposition and the scheme of coating deposition, the research technique and the results of the X-ray analysis of internal stresses are presented.

A MODEL OF STRUCTURAL DISORDER IN (Ba2Cu2O4+x)/(CaCuO2)n SUPERLATTICES

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (25n27) ◽  
pp. 2719-2724
Author(s):  
G. PASQUINI ◽  
G. BALESTRINO ◽  
S. LAVANGA ◽  
P. G. MEDAGLIA ◽  
G. PETROCELLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Disorder ◽  
Layer Growth ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Random Disorder ◽  
Kinematical Approach

The structural disorder in ( Ba 2 Cu 2 O 4+x )/( CaCuO 2) n superlattices with ultrathin individual layers was investigated. Numerical simulations of x-ray spectra were carried out following a kinematical approach in a simplified model structure. The model assumes a two-dimensional layer by layer growth in which mixed composition layers can be corrugated to adjust the internal stresses due to the large mismatch between the constituent oxides. An additional random disorder is added to take into account the experimental dispersion in the amount of material deposited in each iteration. The model was successfully used to simulate x-ray spectra for samples with non integer n ranging from 2 to 16, grown in optimal conditions to obtain a superconducting behavior. The same model was used to simulate spectra of samples grown at lower pressures monitored with in-situ RHEED diagnostic. In this case, random disorder results more than one order of magnitude smaller.

Thermal expansion of cladding tubes and rods made of Zr-1% Nb alloy in the temperature range 293-873 K (20-600°C)based on X-ray and dilatometric measurements

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
M.G. Isaenkova ◽  
◽  
A.V. Tenishev ◽  
Yu.A. Perlovich ◽  
S.D. Stolbov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Linear Expansion ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Temperature Dependences ◽  
Expansion Coefficients

The temperature dependences of the periods a and c of the crystal structure of a-Zr and thermal linear expansion coefficients (TLEC) of textured cladding tubes and rods of E110opt Zr-based alloy in the axial direction in the temperature range of 293-873 K (20-600 °С) were determined. On the basis of Kearns’ integral texture parameters for cladding tubes and rods, TLEC values were calculated. The calculated values of the TLEC turned out to be significantly smaller than the values measured by the dilatometric method. Simulation of the process of thermal expansion of goods showed that the observed differences in the calculated and measured values of the TLEC can be due to layer-by-layer texture inhomogeneity of tubes and internal stresses arising between the layers.

Mechanical and Structural Properties of Superhard TiAlSiN Coatings Deposited by Arc Ion Plating of Cylindrical Cathode

2014 ◽  
Vol 783-786 ◽  
pp. 1426-1431
Author(s):  
Wang Ryeol Kim ◽  
Min Chul Kwon ◽  
Jung Hoon Lee ◽  
Uoo Chang Jung ◽  
Won Sub Chung
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Nitrogen Pressure ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ion Plating ◽  
Arc Current ◽  
Cathode Arc ◽  
Cathodic Arc ◽  
Tialsin Coating

TiAlSiN coatings were deposited on WC-Co metal by using a cathodic arc ion deposition method of cylindrical cathode. We used Ti / Al (50 / 50 at.%) arc target and silicon sputter target. The influence of the nitrogen pressure, TiAl cathode arc current, bias voltage, and deposition temperature on the mechanical and the structural properties of the films were investigated. The structural features of the films were investigation in detail using X-ray diffraction. And coatings were characterized by means of FE-SEM, nanoindentation, Scratch tester, Tribology tester, XRD and XPS. The hardness of the film reached 43 GPa at the cathode arc current of 230 A and decreased with a further increase of the arc current. And the adhesion of the film reached 34 N. The results showed that the TiAlSiN coating exhibited an excellent mechanical properties which application for tools and molds.

Correlation Between the V-I Characteristics of (0001) 4H-SiC PN Junctions Having Different Structural Features and Synchrotron X-ray Topography

2008 ◽  
Vol 1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoji Kosugi ◽  
Toyokazu Sakata ◽  
Yuuki Sakuma ◽  
Tsutomu Yatsuo ◽  
Hirofumi Matsuhata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Incidence Geometry ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Chip Area ◽  
Power Mosfets ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pn Junctions ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTIn practical use of the SiC power MOSFETs, further reduction of the channel resistance, high stability under harsh environments, and also, high product yield of large area devices are indispensable. Pn diodes with large chip area have been already reported with high fabrication yield, however, there is few reports in terms of the power MOSFETs. To clarify the difference between the simple pn diodes and power MOSFETs, we have fabricated four pn-type junction TEGs having the different structural features. Those pn junctions are close to the similar structure of DIMOS (Double-implanted MOS) step-by-step from the simple pn diodes. We have surveyed the V-I characteristics dependence on each structural features over the 2inch wafer. Before their fabrication, we formed grid patterns with numbering over the 2inch wafer, then performed the synchrotron x-ray topography observation. This enables the direct comparison the electrical and spectrographic characteristics of each pn junctions with the fingerprints of defects.Four structural features from TypeA to TypeD are as follows. TypeA is the most simple structure as same as the standard pn diodes formed by Al+ ion implantation (I/I), except that the Al+ I/I condition conforms to that of the p-well I/I in the DIMOS. The JTE structure was used for the edge termination on all junctions. While the TypeA consists of one p-type region, TypeB and TypeC consists of a lot of p-wells. The difference of Type B and C is a difference of the oxide between the adjacent p-wells. The oxide of TypeB consists of the thick field oxide, while that of TypeC consists of the thermal oxide corresponding to the gate oxide in the DIMOS. In the TypeD structure, n+ region corresponding to the source in the DIMOS was added by the P+ I/I. The TypeD is the same structure of the DIMOS, except that the gate and source contacts are shorted. The V-I measurements of the pn junctions are performed using the KEITHLEY 237 voltage source meters with semi-auto probe machine. An active area of the fabricated pn junctions TEGs are 150um2 and 1mm2. Concentration and thickness of the drift layer are 1e16cm−3 and 10um, respectively.In order to compare the V-I characteristics of fabricated pn junctions with their defects information that obtained from x-ray topography measurements directly, the grid patterns are formed before the fabrication. The grid patterns were formed over the 2inch wafer by the SiC etching. The synchrotron x-ray topography measurements are carried out at the Beam-Line 15C in Photon-Factory in High-Energy-Accelerator-Research-Organization. Three diffraction conditions, g=11-28, -1-128, and 1-108, are chosen in grazing-incidence geometry (improved Berg-Barrett method).In the presentation, the V-I characteristics mapping on the 2inch wafer for each pn junctions, and the comparison of V-I characteristics with x-ray topography will be reported.

Structural hybridization of three aminoglycoside antibiotics yields a potent broad-spectrum bactericide that eludes bacterial resistance enzymes

MedChemComm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Maianti ◽  
Stephen Hanessian
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics ◽  
Enzymatic Modification ◽  
X Ray

Systematically blending structural features from obsolete aminoglycosides gleaned from X-ray co-crystal models rendered a promising antibiotic inert to enzymatic modification.

Recent insights into lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1431-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Tandrup ◽  
Kristian E. H. Frandsen ◽  
Katja S. Johansen ◽  
Jean-Guy Berrin ◽  
Leila Lo Leggio
Keyword(s):  
Active Site ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases ◽  
Polysaccharide Monooxygenases

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are copper enzymes discovered within the last 10 years. By degrading recalcitrant substrates oxidatively, these enzymes are major contributors to the recycling of carbon in nature and are being used in the biorefinery industry. Recently, two new families of LPMOs have been defined and structurally characterized, AA14 and AA15, sharing many of previously found structural features. However, unlike most LPMOs to date, AA14 degrades xylan in the context of complex substrates, while AA15 is particularly interesting because they expand the presence of LPMOs from the predominantly microbial to the animal kingdom. The first two neutron crystallography structures have been determined, which, together with high-resolution room temperature X-ray structures, have putatively identified oxygen species at or near the active site of LPMOs. Many recent computational and experimental studies have also investigated the mechanism of action and substrate-binding mode of LPMOs. Perhaps, the most significant recent advance is the increasing structural and biochemical evidence, suggesting that LPMOs follow different mechanistic pathways with different substrates, co-substrates and reductants, by behaving as monooxygenases or peroxygenases with molecular oxygen or hydrogen peroxide as a co-substrate, respectively.

Inosose-Flüssigkristalle / Inosose Liquid Crystals

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1084-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Praefcke ◽  
Bernd Kohne ◽  
Andreas Eckert ◽  
Joachim Hempel
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Lyotropic Liquid Crystal ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alkyl Chains

Six S,S-dialkyl acetals 2a-f of inosose (1), tripodal in structure, have been synthesized, characterized and investigated by optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (d.s.c.). The four S,S-acetals 2c-f with sufficiently long alkyl chains are thermotropic liquid crystalline; 2 e and 2 f are even dithermomesomorphic. Each of these four inosose derivatives 2c-f exhibits monotropically a most likely cubic mesophase (MI); in addition 2e and 2f show enantiotropically a hexagonal mesophase (Hx) with a non-covalent, supramolecular H-bridge architecture. Whereas the nature of the optically isotropic mesophase MI needs further clarification the stable high temperature mesophase Hx of 2 e and 2 f has been established by a miscibility test using a sugar S,S-dialkyl acetal also tripodal in structure and with a Hx phase proved by X-ray diffraction, but in contrast to 2 with an acyclic hydrophilic part. Similarities of structural features between the Hx-phases of 2e and 2f as well as of other thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystal systems are discussed briefly.

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