scholarly journals Dynamic response of filament winding angle on complex shaped mandrels

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (05) ◽  
pp. 452-457
Author(s):  
AHMET REFAH TORUN
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Main Parameter ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Composite Part ◽  
Temporary Response ◽  
Winding Angle ◽  
Final Composite

Aerodynamic parts such as rocket nose and heat shield related composites are mainly produced with filament winding machines. Winding angle of the reinforcement filament is the main parameter to determine the thermomechanical properties of the final composite part. The angle adjustments on the machine cause the temporary response of the filaments. This study derives an analytical method to determine the real angle of the filaments on the mandrel. Keywords: winding angle, filament winding, composite materials, conical parts, complex shape mandrels

Investigation of the mechanical and forming behaviour of 3D warp interlock carbon woven fabrics for complex shape of composite material

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372098410
Author(s):  
Mehmet Korkmaz ◽  
Ayşe Okur ◽  
Ahmad Rashed Labanieh ◽  
François Boussu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Delamination Resistance ◽  
Fabric Architecture ◽  
Weave Pattern ◽  
Carbon Fabrics

Composite materials which are reinforced with 3D warp interlock fabrics have outstanding mechanical properties such as higher delamination resistance, ballistic damage resistance and impact damage tolerance by means of their improved structural properties. Textile reinforcements are exposed to large deformations in the production stage of composite materials which have complex shape. Although good formability properties of 3D warp interlock fabrics in forming process were already proven by recent studies, further information is needed to elucidate forming behaviours of multi-layer fabrics which is produced with high stiffness yarns like carbon. In this study, 3D warp interlock carbon fabrics were produced on a prototype weaving loom and the same carbon yarn was used in two fabric directions with equal number of yarn densities. Fabrics were differentiated with regard to the presence of stuffer warp yarn, weave pattern and parameters of binding warp yarn which are angle and depth. Therefore, the effect of fabric architecture on the mechanical and formability properties of 3D warp interlock carbon fabrics could be clarified. Three different breaking behaviours of fabrics were detected and they were correlated with crimp percentages of yarn groups. In addition, the bending and shear deformations were analysed in view of parameters of fabric architectures. Two distinct forming behaviours of fabrics were determined according to the distribution of deformation areas on fabrics. Moreover, the optimal structure was identified for forming process considering the fabric architecture.

Generation of filament winding patterns for elbows with various cross-sections

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110492
Author(s):  
Ruidong Man ◽  
Jianhui Fu ◽  
Songkil Kim ◽  
Yoongho Jung
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Geometric Method ◽  
Vertical Edge ◽  
Pipe Fitting ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quadrilateral Elements ◽  
Mathematical Expressions ◽  
Fitting In ◽  
Winding Angle

As a connecting component of tubes, the elbow is indispensable to pipe-fitting in composite products. Previous studies have addressed methods for generating winding paths based on parametric equations on the elbow. However, these methods are unsuitable for elbows whose surfaces are difficult to describe using mathematical expressions. In this study, a geometric method was proposed for generating winding patterns for various elbow types. With this method, the mandrel surface is first converted into uniform and high-quality quadrilateral elements; an algorithm is then provided for calculating the minimum winding angle for bridging-free. Next, an angle for non-bridging was defined as the design-winding angle to generate the uniform and slippage-free basic winding paths on the quadrilateral elements in non-geodesic directions. Finally, after a series of uniform points were calculated on the selected vertical edge according to the elbow type, the pattern paths were generated with the uniform points and basic paths. The proposed method is advantageously not limited to the elbow’s shape.

Fatigue of NiTi for Dampers and Actuators

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Isalgue ◽  
Vicenç Torra ◽  
Fabio Casciati ◽  
Sara Casciati
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Main Parameter ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Niti Wire ◽  
Mechanical Cycling ◽  
Thermal Actuation

The application of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) devices to practical uses need well established performance. The reliable application in some areas, as dampers in engineering, needs a known, relatively long fatigue life (some million oscillations). The thermomechanical properties of SMA, based on their martensitic transformation, made them attractive to use for damping, taking advantage of the pseudoelastic window and hysteresis on transforming-retransforming. Due to size effects and to the fact that fatigue failure in metallic NiTi usually comes from a defect inducing crack growth, fatigue has to be studied for concrete applications, with the correct samples. The present work points out the possibility to apply NiTi to dampers and actuators. Testing machine experiments indicate that the main parameter controlling fatigue life is the effective stress on the NiTi wire. Long wire life (in the million cycle regime) can be achieved under limited stresses (around or under 200 MPa). Also, experiments have been done on thermal actuation of NiTi wire under traction at constant load. The results demonstrate that long actuator life (larger than 300000 cycles) can be achieved at low stresses (around 100 MPa), coherently with the mechanical cycling. From our results, NiTi is useful to effectively damp vibrations even at relatively low stresses and strains. The experimental results from facilities (cable No. 1 in ELSA-JRC, Ispra, Italy, and IFSTTAR test cable, near Nantes, France) confirm that NiTi wire is able to damp stayed cables.

scholarly journals A widely adaptable analytical method for thermal analysis of flexible electronics with complex heat source structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 475 (2228) ◽  
pp. 20190402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Yin ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Xiaolian Chen ◽  
Yuhang Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Thermal Field ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Element Analysis

Flexible electronics, as a relatively new category of device, exhibit prodigious potential in many applications, especially in bio-integrated fields. It is critical to understand that thermal management of certain kinds of exothermic flexible electronics is a crucial issue, whether to avoid or to take advantage of the excessive temperature. A widely adaptable analytical method, validated by finite-element analysis and experiments, is conducted to investigate the thermal properties of exothermic flexible electronics with a heat source in complex shape or complex array layout. The main theoretical strategy to obtain the thermal field is through an integral along the complex curve source region. The results predicted by the analytical model enable accurate control of temperature and heat flow in the flexible electronics, which may help in the design and fabrication of flexible electronic devices in the future.

Model-based multi-objective optimization of cure process control for a large CFRP panel

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 1085-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Shevtsov ◽  
Igor V. Zhilyaev ◽  
Ilya Tarasov ◽  
Jiing-Kae Wu ◽  
Natalia G. Snezhina
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Control Synthesis ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Cure Process ◽  
Composite Part ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Computer Aided

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop the multi-objective optimization approach and its numerical implementation to synthesise the model-base control for the part curing at autoclave processing, which supplies the stability and uniformity of the structure and mechanical properties of the material within the cured composite part. Design/methodology/approach The approach includes conversion of the cured part and mold geometry from their computer-aided design (CAD) to computer-aided engineering (CAE) representation, a finite element (FE) formulation of the coupled forward heat transfer/thermal kinetic problem with the parameters of prepreg, which should be determined by the thermal analysis, and, finally, a mapping of the area of 4D design space (thermal control parameters) to 2D objective space, whose coordinates are the maximum deviations of degree of cure and temperature within the cured part calculated at each call of the FE model. Findings The present modeling and optimization approach to the cure process control of the prepreg with thermosetting resin, as well as the means of visualizing optimization results, allow providing insight into complex curing phenomena, estimating the best achievable quality indicators of manufactured composite parts, finding satisfactory parameters of the control law and deciding considering all manufacturing constraints. Research limitations/implications The research can be effectively used to optimize the cure process control for a wide class of polymeric composite parts, even with a complex geometry, but it requires the exact conversion of the geometry of the modeled part from the CAD to CAE environment, which implies the need for excluding all topological imperfections of original CAD model to eliminate the possible formation of void elements and other reasons that do not allow the correct FE meshing. Because thermal, rheological and kinetics parameters, which include the governing equations of cure process, depend on the reinforcing fibers, and especially on the resin properties, the thermal testing for the new modeled prepreg needs to be performed. Practical implications Computer implementation of the proposed approach and numerical method for model-based optimal control synthesis for composite part cure process can be used in aircraft, rotorcraft, ship and automotive technologies at the design of manufacturing process of the large composite parts with complex shape. Social implications This will allow much better quality for large-scale composite parts, excluding very expensive, time-, energy- and material-consuming multiple cure process testing. Originality/value This is first time the problem of optimal control synthesis for curing the large-scale composite parts of complex shape was solved.

Study on Winding Pattern and Undulation Degree of Filament-Wound Composite Tube

2011 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
Jiang Sun ◽  
Qi Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Filament Winding ◽  
Composite Tube ◽  
Filament Wound ◽  
Filament Wound Composite ◽  
Winding Angle ◽  
Wound Composite

The filament winding pattern of composite tube, the winding parameters and the undulation degree are studied in this paper. The study shows that the winding pattern mainly depends on Sp , the number of angular sections between the last circuit and the next circuit and Nc, the number of circuits performed until the fiber tow is deposited just next to the first circuit, and the changes of Nc and winding angle all have effects on the undulation degree.

Design of Deposition Head Trajectory for Robotized Filament Winding of Complex Shape Parts

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Polini ◽  
L. Sorrentino
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Cam Software ◽  
Wound Composite

When the roving is winding on the die, the tension value may move away the nominal one that has been optimized by considering the quality and the mechanical properties of the wound composite parts. The variance of the tension value during winding from the nominal one strongly depends on the deposition head trajectory. The present work focuses on the planning of the winding trajectory for winding complex shape parts in composite material by a robotized cell. The planning of the winding trajectory should be based on the structural constraints of the robotized cell and on the technological requirements of the process. In particular, this work aims to study the conditions by which the value of the roving tension verges on the nominal one during winding. The developed planning logics and implemented by a CAD/CAM software have been validated by experimental tests. This work represents the first step towards the optimization of the winding trajectory.

scholarly journals Development and characterization of composite materials for production of composite risers by filament winding

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ledjane Lima Sobrinho ◽  
Verônica Maria de Araújo Calado ◽  
Fernando Luiz Bastian
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Filament Winding

scholarly journals A Review on the Production Methods and Applications of Graphene-Based Materials

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2414
Author(s):  
Md Abdullah Al Faruque ◽  
Md Syduzzaman ◽  
Joy Sarkar ◽  
Kadir Bilisik ◽  
Maryam Naebe
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Scientific Advancement ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Energy Transportation ◽  
Research Domains

Graphene-based materials in the form of fibres, fabrics, films, and composite materials are the most widely investigated research domains because of their remarkable physicochemical and thermomechanical properties. In this era of scientific advancement, graphene has built the foundation of a new horizon of possibilities and received tremendous research focus in several application areas such as aerospace, energy, transportation, healthcare, agriculture, wastewater management, and wearable technology. Although graphene has been found to provide exceptional results in every application field, a massive proportion of research is still underway to configure required parameters to ensure the best possible outcomes from graphene-based materials. Until now, several review articles have been published to summarise the excellence of graphene and its derivatives, which focused mainly on a single application area of graphene. However, no single review is found to comprehensively study most used fabrication processes of graphene-based materials including their diversified and potential application areas. To address this genuine gap and ensure wider support for the upcoming research and investigations of this excellent material, this review aims to provide a snapshot of most used fabrication methods of graphene-based materials in the form of pure and composite fibres, graphene-based composite materials conjugated with polymers, and fibres. This study also provides a clear perspective of large-scale production feasibility and application areas of graphene-based materials in all forms.

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