scholarly journals FEATURES OF TEXURE OF SOILS OF THE KHANKAISKIY NATURE RESERVE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.М. Голодная ◽  
Е.А. Жарикова
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Physical Clay ◽  
Flood Zone ◽  
Alluvial Meadow

Изучение гранулометрического состава почв Ханкайского заповедника показало, что профили почв представляют собой многослойные спектры различного литологического сложения. Сложность почвенных профилей по гранулометрическому составу определяется степенью проявления поемного и аллювиального процессов, литологическими особенностями почвообразующего материала. По типу сложения выделено несколько литологических групп. Темно-гумусовые глеевые, аллювиальные луговые глеевые почвы и буроземы глееватые отличаются резкой дифференциацией профиля по гранулометрическому составу на верхнюю легкую и нижнюю глинистую толщу. Для этих почв отмечено наибольшее содержание фракций физической глины и ила по всему почвенному профилю. Буроземы типичные и аллювиальные луговые глееватые, вышедшие из зоны затопления, характеризуются литологически однородным легким составом. В этих почвах выявлено высокое содержание фракций мелкого песка. The soil profiles the Khankaiskiy Nature Reserve represent multilayer spectra of various lithological addition. The complexity of soil profiles in terms of particle-size distribution is determined by the degree of manifestation of soil and alluvial processes, lithological features of soil-forming material. Several lithological groups are distinguished by the type of texture. Dark humus gley, alluvial meadow gley soils and burozem gleyic shrouds are distinguished by a sharp differentiation of the profile by granulometric composition into an upper light and lower clay thickness. The largest content of fractions of physical clay and silt was noted throughout the profiles for these soils. Burozem typical and alluvial meadow gleyic soils that have emerged from the flood zone characterize this with a lithologically homogeneous light composition. A high content of fine sand fractions was revealed in these soils.

scholarly journals Fractal dimension of particle-size distribution and their relationships with alkalinity properties of soils in the western Songnen Plain, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufeng Bai ◽  
Yan Qin ◽  
Xinrui Lu ◽  
Jitao Zhang ◽  
Guoshuang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Songnen Plain

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the fractal dimension and their relationships with alkalinity properties of soils, and to evaluate the potential of fractal dimension as an indicator of alkalinity properties of soil. Six soils with an increasing salinity (electrical conductivity was 0.09, 0.18, 0.62, 0.78, 1.57 and 1.99 dS m−1, respectively) were selected from the western part of the Songnen Plain (China). Salt content, exchangeable sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio and other properties of the soils were determined and the soil particle-size distribution (0–2000 μm) was measured using a laser diffraction particle size analyser. Our results show that the overall fractal dimension of the selected soils ranged from 2.35 to 2.60. A linear regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between fractal dimension and the amount of coarse sand and fine sand (r =  − 0.5452, P < 0.05 and r =  − 0.8641, P < 0.01, respectively), and a significant positive correlation with silt and clay (r = 0.9726, P < 0.01 and r = 0.9526, P < 0.01, respectively). Thus, soils with higher silt and clay content have higher fractal dimension values. Strong linear relationships between fractal dimension and salt content (P < 0.05), in particular a very significant positive relationship with HCO3− (P < 0.01), also exist. It is therefore possible to conclude that a soil’s fractal dimension could serve as a potential indicator of soil alkalization and the variability in alkaline soil texture.

PRE-EMERGENCE HERBICIDE APPLICATION IN CORN CROP

1970 ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
М. V. Kashukoev ◽  
М. М. Khutsinova ◽  
Zh. О. Kanukova
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Physical Clay ◽  
Warm Weather ◽  
Fine Clay ◽  
Environmental Requirements

Presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of herbicides from different chemical classes for pre-emergence control of weeds in maize crops. Investigations were carried out in 2014–2016 in Cherek-Kolos LLC, Urvansky District, Kabardino-Balkaria Republic. The time of studies was distinguished by favourable moisture: the level of fallen September precipitation varied by year: in 2014 – 48 mm, 2015 – 24.3 mm, in 2016 – 51.4 mm and fairly warm weather. The conditions complied with the environmental requirements established for corn. According to the particle-size distribution, the soil of the pilot site is light clay over the whole profile with the content of “physical clay” 51.8 ... 58.9%. Among the fractions of particle-size distribution dominates large dust (30.4-35.8%) and silt (23.6-29.7%), whose portion in physical clay near 51%. The accumulation of the silt fraction (< 0.001 mm) is clearly traced in the upper horizons of the soil profile, that is, silting occurs in the upper horizon, which is determined by the indicator of removal – accumulation, the coefficient of which in the chernozem typical residual meadow is equal to 121.6. The clay fraction is an active part of the soil, it is a colloidal and precolloidal mass consisting of fine clay minerals, hydrophilic and capable of equivalent exchange reactions with the liquid phase. In pre-emergence control, the maximum suppression of perennial dicotyledonous weeds of 82.9-100% is achieved using the herbicides Anaconda, CE (1.6 l / ha) and Adengo, KS (0.5 l / ha). The effectiveness in suppressing perennial cereal weeds when using the herbicide Trophy 90, EC (2.5 l / ha) is 91.0%. Efficiency in the fight against gumaem with the use of the herbicide Lyumaks, SC (4.0 l / ha) is 83%. The grain yield of corn for pre-emergence use of the herbicides Anaconda, CE (1.6 l / ha), Trophy 90, CE (2.5 l / ha), Lyumaks, SC (4.0 l / ha) increases by 29-47% .

Effect of the roll gap on the grainforming capacity and granulometric composition of intermediate products of grain grinding triticale

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
R.Kh. Kandrokov ◽  
◽  
G.N. Pankratov ◽  
I.U. Kusova ◽  
A.A. Ryndin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Intermediate Products ◽  
Roll Gap

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of the inter-roll gap of the grinding-sorting unit RSA-4–2 with grooved rolls on the croup-forming ability and the granulometric composition of the intermediate products of grinding various grades of triticale grain. The indicators of the extraction of intermediate products of grinding grain of triticale of various grades, differing in vitreousness, have been determined. The article presents the results of evaluating the grain-forming properties of the studied samples of triticale grain, as well as an analysis of the particle size distribution depending on the size of the roll gap. The results obtained indicate good cereal-forming properties of the presented samples and can be recommended for industrial processing into high-quality bakery flour

Particle-Size Distribution in Soils of the Khankaiskiy Nature Reserve (Primorye Territory)

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Olga M. Golodnaya ◽  
Elena A. Zharikova
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Physical Clay ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Alluvial Meadow

Soil texture is determined and the features of particle-size vertical distribution in soils of different landscapes of the Khankaiskiy Nature Reserve are considered. Three variants of the distribution of clay (&lt;0.001 mm) and physical clay (&lt;0.01 mm) fractions along the vertical profiles soils are identified: accumulative, regressive, with a maximum in the middle-profile horizon and with their approximately equal contents in the upper and the lower horizons. A regressive variant is revealed in burozems gleyic, podzoliс-brownzems, dark-humus gley and alluvial meadow gley soils. These soils are characterized by a medium loamy sandy-coarse-dusty composition of the upper horizons and a light- or medium-loamy composition of the middle and lower parts of the profile. The distribution of fine fractions along the profile is observed with a gradual decrease in their content with depth in typical burozems and alluvial meadow gley-ic soils, while the texture of the layer changes from medium loamy to light loamy. The vertical distribution of fine fractions with a maximum in the middle part of the profile is revealed in mucky gley soils. The profile is formed under the influence of a combination of the floodplain process with the introduction and redeposition of suspended particles and gleying. The lithological specificity of the accumulation of the initial parent materials plays a decisive role in the differentiation of fine fractions in the soil profile.

scholarly journals Geogenesis and pedogenesis of well drained brown soils on the youngest Late Weichselian Meuse terrace in North Limburg, Netherlands.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
A.G. Jongmans ◽  
R. Miedema
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Soil Maps ◽  
Argillic Horizon ◽  
Late Weichselian ◽  
Terrace Level

The Meuse terraces of Late Weichselian and Holocene age can be subdivided into 4 levels. The youngest Late Weichselian terrace occurs partly along and close to the present-day Meuse. On recent soil maps the well drained brown soils, occupying the highest positions of this terrace level, have been indicated as Plaggepts. This implies the presence of a plaggen epipedon of more than 50 cm thick. Three characteristic soil profiles were studied macromorphologically and micromorphologically and samples were analysed for particle size distribution and selected chemical properties. It is concluded that the brown top-soils are due to periodic Holocene sedimentation followed by homogenization. The sandy loam and finer-textured Late Weichselian subsoils have a clear argillic horizon. These soils should be classified as Alfisols (Luvisols) rather than Plaggepts. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Grain Size Characteristics of Sediments Found in Typical Landscapes in the Playa of Ebinur Lake, Arid Central Asia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1132
Author(s):  
Na Wu ◽  
Yongxiao Ge ◽  
Jilili Abuduwaili
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Haloxylon Ammodendron ◽  
Ebinur Lake ◽  
Cumulative Curve ◽  
Desert Zone

A playa usually refers to a salt desert landscape mainly composed of loose and fine lacustrine sediments. Severe wind erosion on a playa causes the playa to become a source of dust and salt dust and poses a threat to vast areas downwind. Currently, little is known about the impact of wind erosion on the particle size distribution of sediments in different landscapes in the playa. In the present study, six dominant different landscapes in a natural state with the same sedimentary environment in the playa of Ebinur Lake were selected to provide insights into the different characteristics of particle size distribution under the effect of long-term wind erosion. The results reveal that the grain-size composition clearly differed among different landscapes. All samples had a common dominant size group consisting of very fine sand and sand. The very fine sand and sand content of Haloxylon ammodendron desert zone (LS5) was the lowest, while the clay and silt content was the highest at both depths among the six landscapes. The lowest clay and silt fraction and highest sand fraction appeared in the herbal desert zone (LS3) at both depths. Almost all of the sediment samples were of a bimodal distribution mode, with significant differences. The cumulative curve showed a similar S-shape, while the probability cumulative curve showed an inverted S-shape with three subpopulations of granularity characteristics. The smallest mean particle diameter appeared in LS5. The majority of the sediments were moderately to poorly sorted. The mean particle size of the sediments from the six landscapes was significantly different (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was observed among the other three parameters. Generally, it can be inferred that LS5 can reduce wind speed effectively, probably due to the smaller leaves and dense branches of Haloxylon ammodendron, which results in a high level of coverage. The results of the present study will have some implications for the grain size characteristics for changes in intensity in regional wind erosion environment and will also have some basis for wind erosion prevention and control in the playa of Ebinur Lake.

scholarly journals Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Textural Heterogeneity of Soils

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos García-Gutiérrez ◽  
Yakov Pachepsky ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martín
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Coarse Particles ◽  
Heterogeneity Parameter

Abstract. Saturated hydraulic conductivity Ksat is an important soil parameter that highly depends on soil's particle size distribution (PSD). The nature of this dependency is explored in this work in two ways, (1) by using the Information Entropy as a heterogeneity parameter of the PSD and (2) using descriptions of PSD in forms of textural triplets, different than the usual description in terms of the triplet of sand, silt and clay contents. The power of this parameter, as a descriptor of Ksat and log(Ksat) , was tested on a database of > 19 K soils. We found coefficients of determination of up to 0.977 for log(Ksat) using a triplet that combines very coarse, coarse, medium and fine sand as coarse particles, very fine sand as intermediate particles, and silt and clay as fines. The power of the correlation is analysed for different textural classes and different triplets. Overall, the use of textural triplets different than traditional, combined with IE, may provide a useful tool for predicting Ksat values.

scholarly journals Particle size distribution and clay minerals in dryland soils of Aceh Besar, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 922 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
S Sufardi ◽  
T Arabia ◽  
K Khairullah ◽  
I Apriani
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Physical Constraints

Abstract Soil particle size distribution is a fundamental physical property affecting other soil properties. This research aims to determine the distribution of soil particles and the composition of clay minerals on each layer of the horizon in four soil profiles (P1, P2, P3, and P4) with different parent materials in the dryland of Aceh Besar district which includes Entisols Jantho, Andisols Saree, Inceptisols Cucum, and Oxisols Lembah Seulawah. Particle size distribution (or texture) and bulk density (BD) were analyzed in the laboratory. Soil structure and consistency were observed directly in the field. The type of clay minerals was identified by X-ray diffraction, while Fe, Al, and Si-oxide were extracted by dithionite-citrate solution. The results shown that the particle size distribution and the physical properties of dryland soils of Aceh Besar vary between soil orders. Andisols Saree has better physical properties than the physical properties of other soils and low bulk density. The Al, Fe, and Si fractions and clay mineral composition in the soil profiles also vary considerably between soil orders. The Andisols are dominated by allophane minerals (amorphous fractions) while Entisols, Inceptisols and Oxisols consist of mixed minerals of feldspar, quartz, halloysite, goethite, and other clay minerals. These soil orders have some soil physical constraints i.e. high soil bulk density, low water holding capacity and poor soil structures. Improvements in the physical properties of the soil on Aceh Besar dryland are indispensable to improve the quality of the soil.

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