scholarly journals Role of Victim in the Criminal Justice System

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
MEERA MATHEW
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
The Impact

The victims of crime are those who have formerly endured injury or are possibly suffering as an outcome of crimes having been committed. The direct family or dependants of the direct victims, who are harmfully affected, are also included within the meaning of the term “Victims”. The predicament of the victims does not finish with the crime but it persists. It may even increase, following the crimes; since they have to face the rigors of the actuality, such as deficient support system, dearth of social backing, and sense of anxiety. They also experience the intricacy of police inquiry, magisterial investigation and criminal trial. The impact of victimization on different kinds of victims due to different types of crimes has been varied such as physical, psychological and financial. Through this paper writer has endeavored to check the situation of victims of crime in India and the criminal justice system. It is apparent that the desolation of the victims have not been effectively addressed or even gone out of contemplation. Victims are disregarded, may, forgotten. The paper also stresses the need to provide support to crime victims. The author of the present paper has also recommended some of the imperative steps that are to be implemented by the law enforcement agencies in India to improve the position of victims in the criminal justice system.

scholarly journals Victims and the criminal justice system in India: Need for a paradigm shift in the justice system

Temida ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murugesan Srinivasan ◽  
Mathew Eyre
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
The Way

Until 1970s the victims of crime were a forgotten entity in the criminal justice system. The attitude began to change as the discipline of victimology came into its own. The past few decades have witnessed a revolution in the way society deals with victims of crime. Many countries have now recognized the need to provide services to victims to help them recover from the effects of crime and assist them in their dealings with the criminal justice system. But in India, there has not been any significant improvement in the position of victims in the criminal justice system. The present paper has attempted to examine the position of victims of crime in India and the criminal justice system. The paper also emphasizes the need to provide assistance to crime victims. The authors of the present paper have also suggested some of the immediate steps that are to be implemented by the law enforcement agencies in India to improve the position of victims in the criminal justice system. .

Officers' perceptions regarding the unexpected effects of body-worn cameras

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-402
Author(s):  
Jordan C. Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThroughout the last decade, a number of empirical studies have assessed the effectiveness of body-worn cameras (BWCs) among law enforcement agencies across the United States. The purpose of this paper is to examine officers' perceptions regarding the impact this technology has had on police-community relations, as well as the working relationship between police and other actors in the criminal justice system (e.g. prosecutors, jurors).Design/methodology/approachThe author conducted focus groups with officers (n = 89) from two local law enforcement agencies in California that had adopted BWCs in recent years. Participating officers discussed advantages and disadvantages they associated with BWCs, as well as how BWCs have impacted their relationship with the public and justice system personnel.FindingsOfficers recognized advantages to using BWCs, including the potential for positive changes in police behavior and the ability to protect officers against false citizen complaints. Officers also identified a number of disadvantages (or consequences) they associate with BWCs, such as the depreciation of credibility behind an officer's word and the impact of video footage on prosecutorial decision-making.Originality/valuePrior studies have gathered officers' perceptions regarding BWCs, but very few have assessed whether and how the use of this technology by law enforcement influences other actors within the criminal justice system. The findings from this study may prompt further empirical consideration regarding BWCs, especially with regard to whether police use of this technology significantly impacts citizens' trust in the police and how their use may impact prosecutorial and juror decision-making.

Mandatory Compensation Orders for Crime Victims and the Rhetoric of Restorative Justice

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Warner ◽  
Jenny Gawlik
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Property Damage ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Legislative Measures

Increased recognition of the need for victims of crime to be integrated into the criminal justice system and to receive adequate reparation has led, in a number of jurisdictions, to legislative measures to encourage the greater use of compensation orders. The Sentencing Act 1997 (Tas) (which came into force on 1 August 1998) went further and made compensation orders compulsory for property damage or loss resulting from certain crimes. This article shows that this measure has failed victims and argues that they have been used in the service of other ends. Mandatory compensation orders are a token gesture repackaged as restorative justice to gain public support for the administration of the criminal justice system.Ways in which compensation orders could be made more effective and the possibilities of accommodating restorative compensation into a conventional criminal justice system are explored.

Impediments to the Recovery of Restitution by Crime Victims

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan T. Harland ◽  
Cathryn J. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Case Dispositions

Restitution is unique among criminal justice policies by virtue of the widespread support it has attained from many diverse constituencies. Restitution has received such universal praise as a panacea for victims of crime that in recent years a number of American jurisdictions have adopted legislation that creates a presumptive norm that restitution be awarded in appropriate cases. Despite popular support for its increased use and enactment of enabling legislation, restitution continues to be underutilized in actual case dispositions. The authors suggest that the underuse problem will not be cured and the powerful potential that restitution holds as a criminal justice sanction will not be realized until a consensus regarding the definition of restitution is achieved, significant gaps in the technical data about how restitution is effectuated are closed, and practical impediments to awarding and collecting restitution are dissolved. These goals, in turn, cannot be met until policy makers confront and begin to resolve the inherent conflicts posed when a restorative sanction, such as restitution, is pursued in a criminal justice system that is primarily punitive in nature.

Crime Victims’ Perceptions of Restitution: The Importance of Payment and Understanding

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry R. Ruback ◽  
Alison C. Cares ◽  
Stacy N. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Fair Process ◽  
The Future ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
Willingness To Report

The Office for Victims of Crime recommends that victims should be informed, consulted, respected, and made whole, rights that relate to informational, procedural, interpersonal, and distributive justice. We surveyed 238 victims in two Pennsylvania counties to test whether crime victims’ satisfaction with the criminal justice system was related to their perceptions of the fairness of the process and of their outcomes in their case, particularly with regard to restitution. Results indicated that payment of restitution, perception of fair process, and good interpersonal treatment were positively related to victims’ willingness to report crimes in the future but that satisfaction with information about the process was not. Victims’ understanding of the restitution process was a significant predictor of willingness to report in a multivariate analysis.

scholarly journals Victims of crime

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khắc Hải Nguyễn
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Fair Treatment ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Core Issues

Research clarifies basic issues related to victims of crime as a social and legal phenomenon. Study gives definition of victims of crime, analyses victimization and its causes developed rely on theories as lifestyle model, routine activity approach and opportunity. Besides, the article studies international standard and the rights of victims like access to justice and fair treatment, restitution, compensation, and assistance. The role of victims of crime in criminal justice system and government’s responsibility are also core issues mentioned in the research. 

Factors That Can Interact with Familiarity

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Joanna Pozzulo
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Eyewitness Memory ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Race Effect ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the role of estimator variables within eyewitness memory. Estimator variables are factors that occur during the time of the crime that may affect eyewitness identification accuracy. Various estimator variables are discussed, in conjunction with familiarity, to highlight how eyewitness recall and identification may be impacted. The chapter first discusses witness variables such as the role of the eyewitness (i.e., whether the witness is a bystander or a victim), the role of arousal during the time of the crime, the age of the witness, the cross-race effect, and personality variables that may impact identification accuracy. The chapter then discusses the challenges the criminal justice system faces when determining the impact of estimator variables on eyewitness identification accuracy and the need to consider these variables in conjunction with familiarity.

Liaison and diversion services: embedding the role of learning disability nurses

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Louise Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to improve the health and criminal justice outcomes for people who come into contact with the criminal justice system. People with learning disabilities (LD) are particularly vulnerable to health and social inequalities within the criminal justice system. Design/methodology/approach – Using examples from practice, this paper discusses some of the challenges and achievements experienced by a LD nurse employed within a liaison and diversion service within the North-West of England. Findings – Whilst the specific functions of liaison and diversion practitioners are detailed by National Health Service (NHS) England (2014), complexities in communication, multi-disciplinary working and role recognition affect the embedment of the role in practice. Research limitations/implications – The implications for practice are identified and recommendations for further research made. These seek to evaluate the impact of liaison and diversion services from the perspectives of LD nurses within liaison and diversion services, people with LD, their families and the wider multi-disciplinary team. Originality/value – NHS England (2015) are in the process of evaluating of liaison and diversion services. This paper adds to the evaluation by discussing the experiences of a LD nurse within a liaison and diversion service through the inclusion of activity data and illustrative examples.

scholarly journals Peran Advokat Sebagai Penegak Hukum Dalam Mendukung Terwujudnya Sistem Peradilan Pidana Terpadu Dalam Penegakan Hukum Pidana Di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Setyo Langgeng
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Real Place ◽  
Procedure Code

AbstrakKeberadaan Advokat sebagai penegak hukum telah diatur didalam Pasal 5 Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2003 tentang Advokat. Namun, mengenai bagaimana bentuk dan tempat nyata peran Advokat sebagai penegak hukum masih samar, khususnya dalam perannya sebagai komponen pendukung terwujudnya sistem peradilan pidana terpadu, akibatnya penegakan hukum pidana di Indonesia belum optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif atau studi kepustakaan, yaitu dengan menganalisa UU.RI. No. 18 tahun 2003 tentang Advokat dan UU.RI No. 8 tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP), serta peraturan perundang-undangan lainya dan bahan pustaka yang terkait dengan peran Advokat guna menjawab permasalahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari segi bentuk dan tempatnya, terdapat 2 (dua) peran Advokat sebagai penegak hukum, yaitu (1) Peran Advokat dalam bentuk pendampingan hukum terhadap pelaku berdasar Pasal 54 KUHAP, (2) Peran Advokat dalam bentuk pendampingan hukum terhadap korban yang diatur diluar KUHAP. Diharapkan sebagai bahan masukan bagi penegak hukum dalam penegakan hukum dan keadilan di Idonesia.Kata kunci : Advokat, Penegak Hukum, Sistem Peradilan Pidana Terpadu�AbsractThe existence of Advocates as law enforcement has been regulated in Article 5 of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 Year 2003 regarding Advocate. However, regarding how the form and the real place of the Advocate role as law enforcement is still vague, especially in its role as a supporting component of the establishment of integrated criminal justice system, consequently the enforcement of criminal law in Indonesia is not optimal yet. This research uses normative legal research method or literature study, that is by analyzing UU.RI. No. Law No. 18 of 2003 on Advocates and Law no. 8 of 1981 on Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), as well as other legislation and library materials related to the role of Advocates in order to answer the problem. The result of research shows that in terms of form and place, there are 2 (two) Advocates role as law enforcers, namely (1) Role of Advocate in the form of legal assistance to the perpetrator based on Article 54 KUHAP, (2) Role of Advocate in the form of legal assistance to the victims is regulated outside the Criminal Procedure Code. It is expected to be an input for law enforcement in law enforcement and justice in Indonesia.Keywords : Advocate, Law Enforcement, Integrated Criminal Justice System

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