A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON ACUTE NON-TRAUMATIC ABDOMINAL EMERGENCIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Md. Quamar Zubair ◽  
A. K. Jha Suman
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Postoperative Patient ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Abdominal Emergencies ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abdominal pain is one of the most common reasons for visit to the emergency room. Acute appendicitis is the commonest cause. An accurate diagnosis is essential for the correct treatment, which in many cases will prevent the death of the patient. Mainstay of diagnosis is history and physical examination. If this information is inadequate to establish a diagnosis and urgent or immediate operation is unnecessary, the periodic re-examination helps document the progression of the disease and often avoids unnecessary surgical intervention. Today the combination of improved diagnostic procedures, antibiotic and better anaesthesia and preoperative and postoperative patient care has led to a decrease in morbidity and mortality of patients with acute abdomen. The objective of this study was to determine the various causes of nontraumatic acute abdominal emergencies, their incidence, management and mortality in both sexes and all age groups >12 years age.

scholarly journals A comprehensive study on acute non-traumatic abdominal emergencies

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2297
Author(s):  
Ajay Malviya ◽  
Ashfaque Hussain ◽  
Hitesh P. Bulchandani ◽  
Girish Bhardwaj ◽  
Subhash Kataria
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Hollow Viscus ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abdominal Emergencies ◽  
Hollow Viscus Perforation ◽  
Overall Mortality

Background: Abdominal pain is one of the most common reasons for visit to the emergency room. Acute appendicitis is the commonest cause. An accurate diagnosis is essential for the correct treatment, which in many cases will prevent the death of the patient. Mainstay of diagnosis is history and physical examination. If this information is inadequate to establish a diagnosis and urgent or immediate operation is unnecessary, the periodic re-examination helps document the progression of the disease and often avoids unnecessary surgical intervention. Today the combination of improved diagnostic procedures, antibiotic and better anaesthesia and preoperative and postoperative patient care has led to a decrease in morbidity and mortality of patients with acute abdomen. The objective of this study was to determine the various causes of non-traumatic acute abdominal emergencies, their incidence, management and mortality in both sexes and all age groups >12 years age.Methods: The Study was conducted on 1353 patients of non-traumatic abdominal emergencies admitted in the department of surgery, associated group of hospitals attached to Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur over a period of 1 year extending from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015.Results: Most common cause of acute non-traumatic emergency in our study is acute appendicitis 61.71% of the patients. Out of 1353 cases of non-traumatic acute abdominal emergencies, 217 (16%) were managed conservatively while 1136 (84%) were operated. 96.64% cases of acute appendicitis were operated and only 3.36% underwent conservative management. The rate of operative intervention in acute intestinal obstruction and acute cholecystitis was 89.09% and 85.71% respectively. 81.89% cases of hollow viscus perforation were operated while 18.11% were treated conservatively. Only 18.18% cases of liver abscess underwent operation while all patients of Meckel's Diverculititis were managed operatively. All patients of acute pancreatitis were managed conservatively. Overall mortality in our study of acute non-traumatic abdominal emergencies was 3.39%.Conclusions: It can be concluded that acute non-abdominal emergencies admitted in the hospital constitute a major chunk of surgical patients, majority requiring operative management with limited mortality.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Alvarado Score and Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis (A prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Waleed Saadi Ahmed ◽  
Salah M. Tajer ◽  
Hend M. Sayaly
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
General Surgeon ◽  
Emergency Ward ◽  
Alvarado Score ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Abdominal Emergencies ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background:  Acute appendicitis is the commonest non traumatic cause of acute abdominal pain that needs surgical management .Alvarado score and ultrasonographies are the most cost effective, easy and available aids for diagnosis. The aim of the study was determining   the reliability of Alvarado score and ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Results: The study was applied with 100 cases with different types of abdominal pain at presentation with 51 males and 49 females .The sensitivity was97.3% ,specificity 90%, and accuracy  89 of combined usage of Alvarado score and U/S findings preoperatively. Patients and method:  A prospective non-interventional study including patients admitted with suggestive history with signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis to the surgical emergency ward of Baghdad teaching hospital from July 1st 2017 to Feb 10th 2018, Alvarado score calculated and ultrasonography done for each patient enrolled in this study, then to be followed for intraoperative findings. Conclusions: Combined application of Alvarado score and U/S has sensitivity 94.1% ,specificity 90% and accuracy 89% . In our medical facility and emergency ward, acute appendicitis remains as one of the top acute abdominal emergencies needing surgery in patients presenting with atypical clinical finding. So diagnosis becomes difficult. So Alvarado score along with ultrasound findings are useful for increasing the reliability in emergency department for  accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis therefore there should be training for the use of U/S by emergency physician and general surgeon in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in order to decrease the rate of negative appendectomies .  

scholarly journals Omental infarction in an obese 10-year-old boy

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Kambouri ◽  
Stefanos Gardikis ◽  
Alexandra Giatromanolaki ◽  
Aggelos Tsalkidis ◽  
Efthimios Sivridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Omental Infarction ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
The Right

Primary omental infarction (POI) has a low incidence worldwide, with most cases occurring in adults. This condition is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in childhood. Herein, we present a case of omental infarction in an obese 10-year-old boy who presented with acute abdominal pain in the right lower abdomen. The ultrasound (US) examination did not reveal the appendix but showed secondary signs suggesting acute appendicitis. The child was thus operated on under the preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis but the intraoperative finding was omental infarct. Since the omental infarct as etiology of acute abdominal pain is uncommon, we highlight some of the possible etiologies and emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of omental infarction.

scholarly journals Double acute appendicitis: cecal and epiploic; literature review of a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4512
Author(s):  
Camilo Levi Acuna Pinzon ◽  
Jose Luis Chavaria Chavira ◽  
Jefferson Fabian Nieves Condoy ◽  
Claudia Ortiz Ledesma
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Simultaneous Presentation ◽  
Pelvic Cavity ◽  
Initial Blood ◽  
Suspected Diagnosis

Acute cecal appendicitis and appendagitis are two entities due to the inflammation of the cecal and epiploic appendix respectively. A case of a 34-year-old woman is presented, who is admitted for abdominal pain. Initial blood test and ultrasonography were not conclusive, subsequently with clinical deterioration, surgical intervention was required which noted acute appendicitis and appendicitis that were removed. This is an extremely unusual case, since the simultaneous presentation of these two entities has not been widely described and demonstrates the importance of exploring the abdominal and pelvic cavity in patients with suspected diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

scholarly journals Conservative management of early uncomplicated appendicitis in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Maini ◽  
Neeraj Kumar Jain ◽  
Manjari Goel Jain ◽  
Vicky Khobragade
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Uncomplicated Appendicitis

Background: Right lower abdominal pain management in children is a challenging task for the surgeon. Most of the time right lower abdominal pain ends up in acute appendicitis. For long time appendicetomy was the treatment of choice. However surgical intervention has its own disadvantages such as pain, scarring, adhesions, hernia development and venous thrombosis disease. Anxiety and fear of surgery were also two difficulties in obtaining consent for surgery. Parents often request and insist for medical management. Their unwillingness for surgical intervention was the most important reason for medical management of uncomplicated acute appendicitis.Methods: Our prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, R.K.D.F. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India during period of January 2014 to January 2016 and follow up was done till December 2016. Our target group was children under 16 years. A total of 92 children with complaint of right lower abdominal pain attended the hospital for treatment. Routine investigations including ultrasonography of abdomen were performed for all the patients. Out of 92 patients diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made in 74 patients, Surgery was performed in 32 patients, while remaining 42 patients were treated conservatively and the results were analyzed.Results: In this study of 92 patients of pain in right iliac fossa below 16 years, 74 (80.43%) were diagnosed as acute appendicitis. 32 (43.24%) Patients were operated earlier. 42 (56.75%) Patient were treated conservatively. Out of 42 patients, 12 (16.21%) patients were operated within 1 year, 30 (40.54%) Patients didn’t require any surgical intervention during 1 year follow up. In present study, significant role of antibiotic was found in conservative management of acute appendicitis in children. So it can be concluded that conservative management of acute appendicitis in children can be attempted under observation.Conclusions: Antibiotics are both effective and safe as primary treatment for patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Initial antibiotic treatment merits consideration as a primary treatment option for early uncomplicated appendicitis. Appendicectomy should be done but conservative management of acute appendicitis in children can be attempted under observation.

scholarly journals Acute Appendicitis in Pregnancy: a Diagnostic and Management Challenge

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainur Rashid Z ◽  
Sulaiha SA ◽  
Azmi MN
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Sonographic Diagnosis ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Open Laparotomy ◽  
Management Challenge ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis ◽  
In Pregnancy

Acute appendicitis is the most common extra-uterine surgical emergency encountered during pregnancy, but an accurate diagnosis is still an enigma. Anatomical shifting of the appendix by the enlarging uterus makes the clinical and sonographic diagnosis difficult. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent perforation, which increases the risk of fetal and maternal death. Surgical intervention, either by an open laparotomy or laparoscopy is the most appropriate treatment for appendicitis. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, investigation, complications and treatment of acute appendicitis in pregnancy.

Appendix

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Jad M. Abdelsattar ◽  
Moustafa M. El Khatib ◽  
T. K. Pandian ◽  
Samuel J. Allen ◽  
David R. Farley
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Open Appendectomy ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Deep Wound ◽  
Blind Ending

The appendix is an antimesenteric cecal outpouching that forms in the fifth month of gestation. It is a hollow, blind-ending tube approximately 11 cm in length and less than 6 mm in diameter. Obstruction of the appendiceal lumen with a fecalith, or less commonly foreign bodies, worms, and lymphadenopathy, may result in swelling of the appendix. Patients present with periumbilical abdominal pain. Acute appendicitis is a clinical diagnosis. The majority of patients with signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis should receive prompt surgical intervention. Laparoscopic or open appendectomy can be associated with ileus, superficial or deep wound infections, GI leak, bleeding or hematoma, wound dehiscence, or hernia.

scholarly journals Appendicitis in Children: Fundamentals and Particularities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Villalobos Castillejos ◽  
Carlos Baeza Herrera ◽  
Miguel Alejandro Sánchez Durán ◽  
Jhonatan Mata Aranda ◽  
Miguel Ángel Minero Hibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Good Sense ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Full Capacity

Acute appendicitis in children under 5 years of age is a diagnostic challenge, its delay is usually dramatic and leaves serious sequelae. It is one of the main causes of surgical intervention, it is common for other diseases to be associated with it and to simulate it. Acute appendicitis is of obstructive etiology and its pathophysiology, the bacteriology involved and the evolution of the disease progresses through its phases, from the simple to the complex, is addressed in each case. The typical abdominal pain of appendicitis, in addition to vomiting and fever at a young age, is most often accompanied by an atypical clinical picture such as diarrhea. Integrating the clinical signs at this age requires the full capacity and good sense of the pediatric surgeon. For a correct and timely diagnosis, unfortunately many pediatric patients present in complicated stages of the disease, which implies decision-making regarding the type of surgical intervention and subsequent treatments.

scholarly journals ANALISIS OF THE STTUCTURE OF ABDOMINAL PAIN SINDROME IN CHILDREN IN CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL REPUBLICAN HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Nail V. Rayanov ◽  
R. N. Rayanov ◽  
N. R. Nizaev
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Acute Calculous Cholecystitis ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Functional Nature ◽  
Calculous Cholecystitis

Abdominal pain is a serious problem in pediatric surgery. Abdominal pain is one of the most frequent complaints addressed by children and their parents to doctors of various specialties: pediatrician, gastroenterologist, infectious diseases specialist, pediatric surgeon, ambulance workers. Abdominal pain is a symptom of many diseases of organs of abdominal cavity. It may be of a functional nature, which does not pose a threat to the life of the child and does not require surgical intervention, and pain associated with acute pathology of the abdominal organs (acute appendicitis, invagination of the intestine, diverticulitis, intestinal obstruction, acute calculous cholecystitis, injuries of the abdominal cavity and so on. e) requiring an emergency operation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Histologically Proven Acute Appendicitis And Incidental Carcinoid Tumour in the Practice of Surgical Pathology at BPKIHS

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
P Upadhyaya ◽  
C S Agarwal ◽  
A K Karak ◽  
S Karki ◽  
A Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Carcinoid Tumour ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Relative Prevalence

Background: Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdominal pain requiring surgical intervention. Objective: To determine the relative prevalence of histologically proven acute appendicitis in surgically respected specimens with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis and also to find out the rate of occurrence of characinoid tumour as an incidental histologic finding.Methods: It is a retrospective study involving all gross specimens received in the department of pathology over a period of twenty months (1.1.2006 to 31.8.2007). Histologic data on 515 appendicectomy samples (clinically diagnosed as appendicitis) of the total 7295 specimens received over a period of twenty months were retrieved from the archives of department of pathology, with exclusion of appendectomy incidental to another surgical procedure.Results: Appendectomy specimens constituted 7.0% (n=515; M:F 1.1:1) of all surgical pathologic specimens (n=7295) at B.P.K.I.H.S. The breakups of histologic diagnoses are: acute appendicitis with or without periappendicitis and gangrenous change (93.6%, n=482), “receding appendicitis” (5.4%, n=28), and normal histology (1.0%, n= 5). Carcinoid tumours were detected incidentally in three cases (0.58%) out of all appendectomy specimens.Conclusion: Analysis of data revealed a prevalence of 6.99% of histologically proven acute appendicitis in this tertiary health care set up. The rate of occurrence of carcinoid tumour was 0.58%.Health Renaissance 2014;12(3): 197-203

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