Study on Learning Organizations in Makassar City Government

Badu Ahmad, Study on learning organtzation in Local Government Makassar. The aims of this research was analyze the implementation of learning organization, factors which is support bulding learning bureaucracy as an effort to follow the changing environment and demand of society. This research applied and quantitative and qualitative technique which is used the stratified random sampling Meanwehile, to cathce the data, informant to be used namely the leaders in the body of local government in Makassar. Analysis of data is descriptive quantitative and also qualitative with frequency distribution technique. The research result showed that there are good tend to apply learning bureaucracy which indicated of the apparatus want to learn continually from experience, fault, and also they can catch new knowledge and working system and other aspect related to societies" demand. The other found that the commitment factors and working environment in a good sense in building the learning bureaucracy in local government of Makassar. Aspects that related cultural values also determined applying the learning bureucracy, such as siri’ (self-respect), sipukatau sipakalebbi’ (respect each other), sipakario (motivation). Those are urgently required in building self capacty simultaneously in local burraucracy of Makassar.

Biomedical Ethics

Chapter 9 addresses the duties of medical practitioners such as doctors and nurses, mostly in relation to patients, but also in respect of each other and their society. It argues that the relational moral theory is at least no worse than, and is often to be preferred over, more Western principles when it comes to how to understand several biomedical obligations. For example, the chapter maintains that the communal ethic makes good sense of whom a medical professional has moral reason to treat and for which purposes. It further contends that rightness as friendliness grounds moderate positions on abortion and euthanasia that many will find convincing but that utilitarianism and Kantianism have difficulty entailing and explaining. For example, if utilitarianism and Kantianism permit abortion, it is hard for them to avoid also permitting infanticide, but the relational ethic can more easily avoid that implication.

Emigration state: race, citizenship and settler imperialism in modern British history, c. 1850-1972

What role did migration play in the making of modern Britain? We now have a good sense of the way ethnicity, class, religion and gender structured immigrants’ experience and what impact they had on Britain’s culture, society and economy. But as Nancy Green pointed out almost two decades ago, scholars of migration must focus on exit as well as entry. Such a call to study ‘the politics of exit’ is especially apposite in the case of the UK. For in every decade between 1850 and 1980 (with the exception of the 1930s), the UK experienced net emigration year on year. This article analyses this outflow of migrants to give a new account of the UK as an 'emigration state'. With this concept in mind, this paper offers a new account of the formation of migration policy in the UK and seeks to transform our sense of the chronological and geographical boundaries of modern Britain.

Making sense of sewage sludge as a renewable resource in the urban U.S.

Prior to industrialization, human excrement was commonly employed as a resource for agricultural fertilization. Following the advent of the hydraulic sanitation system, however, it became increasingly channeled into waterways rather than reincorporated into terrestrial agro-ecosystems. To counter this trend, more and more industrial cities are seeking to utilize treated sanitation waste, or “biosolids,” as a renewable resource that can be applied as a soil amendment in urban recreational settings, including parks, gardens, and golf courses. This article examines how the use of biosolids in the American city of Chicago comes to “make sense”—experientially, economically, and ecologically—to users and wastewater experts. Furthermore, it considers how sanitation infrastructures, social norms, and safety concerns both contour and constrain such usage. Ultimately, this article identifies how direct sensorial experiences (particularly of odors or their absence) as well as notions of economic and ecological “good sense” contribute to the social acceptability of biosolids usage. However, contaminants of emerging concern that are barely perceptible in sanitation waste raise more profound questions about the challenges of urban sustainability in this period known as late industrialism.

Beyond equality of opportunity: from 'common sense' to 'good sense'

This article addresses the Labour Party's apparent inability to capitalise on the ready availability of good, progressive ideas. It suggests the key is to be found in the idea that the Labour Party no longer represents working-class people, a disjunction that can be best understood using Gramsci's distinction between 'common sense' and 'good sense'. Good sense is a more coherent development of everyday, commonsense thinking, based on its 'healthy nucleus'. However, it must never lose contact with common sense and become abstract and disconnected from life. Using this distinction, a critique of the common-sense notion of meritocracy follows, since the educational disconnect between Labour politicians and their working-class supporters is one of its malign results. This critique builds from the evidence of working-class rejection of meritocracy - the healthy nucleus that recognises the inadequacy of its justifying principle of equality of opportunity. To this is counterposed a good-sense notion of equality - one that embraces equal access to the means for achieving a flourishing life. This notion of equality is then used to explore a number of currently circulating political ideas concerned with equality, both their relationship to common sense and their potential to meet good sense criteria. These ideas include universal basic income, the Conservatives' proposed 'levelling up' agenda, and the demands of Black Lives Matter for racial justice, including the demand to 'defund the police'. A second thread is focused on the relationship between these discourses of common or good sense and the social forces with which they can be connected.

950. The Challenge of Fellowship Interviews During COVID-19: An Online Post-interview Survey

Background COVID-19 has significantly disrupted social and personal interactions, including fellowship recruitment. In-person interviews were replaced by virtual interviews, which created uncertainties for both programs and candidates. We distributed a survey to interviewees for fellowship programs in an effort to gather data and improve the process. Methods An anonymous online survey on the Qualtrics® platform assessed satisfaction with the interview process, evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of virtual interviews, and requested comments to improve the process. Surveys were sent out to candidates within 7 days of interview for Infectious Disease and Palliative care fellowship programs at our institution. Results Surveys were sent to 51 candidates, 24 (47%) responded; 8 (33%) from Palliative care and 16 (67%) from ID. All candidates felt that they had a good sense about the programs and enough information to make a decision for ranking. Most candidates felt that they conveyed themselves well (71%) to very well (25%) during interview except one person who did not. 63% of candidates felt that the process was seamless, although 3 (12.5%) mentioned technical difficulties during the interviews. While 79% felt that the time spent on the interview was about right, 16% of candidates felt that interviews were too long and 1 person felt that it was too short. Cost-saving was the top advantage of the virtual interview with time-saving second. Interestingly, ability to interview at more programs was not ranked as highly as an advantage. Despite these advantages, 19 of 24 (79%) of candidates would have preferred an in-person interview if it was available. Lack of personal interaction and inability to see the location were equally chosen to be the greatest disadvantages of the virtual process by most of the candidates. Conclusion Despite the challenges of the virtual interview process, our survey showed positive feedback from candidates regarding their experiences. The lack of social interaction and inability to explore the location were important, prompting 79% of candidates to prefer an in-person interview if that was an option. Many factors should be considered to ensure an equitable and comprehensive process where candidates and programs can make decisions to optimize outcomes. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Splits, internal and external, as a window into the nature of features

Lexemes may be split internally, by phenomena such as suppletion, periphrasis, heteroclisis and deponency. Generalizing over these phenomena, which split a lexeme’s paradigm, we can establish a typology of the possible internal splits. There are also lexemes whose external requirements are split: they induce different agreement, for instance. Again, a typology of these splits has been proposed. The next logical step is to attempt a typology of the possible relations between internal and external splits. This is not straightforward, since we need to avoid spurious linkages. Four lines of argument are offered: (i) general plausibility: the internal-external linkage is compelling, and so other accounts require a degree of coincidence which is unlikely; (ii) overabundance: alternative inflectional forms link to different external requirements; (iii) variation in time and space: splits in inflection and in external requirements vary, while maintaining their linkage; (iv) pluralia tantum nouns: the different types of these nouns provide intriguing confirming evidence. Case studies include Asia Minor Greek, Polish, Russian, Scottish Gaelic, Sɛlɛɛ, Serbo-Croat (BCMS), Slovenian, Latin and Old Frisian. The clear instances which emerge, where an external split is demonstrably linked to an internal one, prove both surprising and significant. We discover that in split paradigms, besides overt overabundance, there may also be covertly overabundant cells. Furthermore, when external splits involve individual cells, these will not induce simple (consistent) agreement. This makes good sense, demonstrating that featural information is associated with lexemes in a natural default manner: at the lexeme level by default, unless overridden at the sub-paradigm level, unless in turn overridden at the level of individual cells.

INCOME TAX: GROSS INCOME – CAPITAL VERSUS REVENUE, PROFIT-MAKING SCHEME OR FIXED/FLOATING-CAPITAL TEST?

The question of whether a receipt or accrual is of a capital nature or not has vexed the courts, legal minds and tax advisors for years. Simplifying or limiting the tests would provide greater certainty. According to some writers, the case of CIR v Pick ’n PayEmployee Share Purchase Trust (1992 4 SA 39 (A), 54 SATC 271, hereinafter “Pick ’n Pay”) seems to have finally limited the test incapital/revenue cases to the “profit-making scheme” test. However, in subsequent cases there is no suggestion that the scheme ofprofit-making test is the sole test. In Berea Park Avenue Properties (Pty) Ltd v CIR (1995 2 SA 11, 57 SATC 167) it is clear that the Appellate Division (as it then was) considered a profit-making scheme and trading stock in one breath, so to speak. In SARS v Knuth and Industrial Mouldings (Pty) Ltd (1999 62 SATC 65), a case heard in the Eastern Cape Provincial Division of the High Court dealt with the proceeds of the sale of shares. The case was concerned with the floating versus fixed-capital test, and Leach J opined (72) that the distinction“is often referred to in tax cases and can now be regarded as entrenched in our law”. Leach J referred to Pick ’n Pay, but only to the extent that sound commercial and good sense should prevail in selecting the tests applicable. It was held in Pick ’n Pay that if there is no trading then there can be no floating capital. The trading stock definition was not considered in the majority judgment. The profit-making scheme test is only one way of establishing that an asset is trading stock. An asset acquired for the purpose of sale is tradingstock and the proceeds are gross income. That should, it is submitted, be the basis on which capital/revenue cases are decided. The scheme of the profit-making test is but one method of establishing intention at acquisition. It is submitted that the intention to make a profit, inherent in the concept of a profit-making scheme, is not essential to establish trading. “Gross income” is receipts and accruals, not profits. The majority judgment in this case is, it is submitted, flawed in that it did not consider this reality. For years the courts have vacillated between the “floating capital/fixed capital” and “profit-making scheme” tests to establish whether the proceeds of the disposal of an asset is of a capital or revenue nature for the purpose of establishing gross income as defined in the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962. Pick ’n Pay seems to have finally limited the test of whether proceeds are of a capital or revenue nature to the “profit-making scheme” test. This note questions that submission by examining the concepts and application of the two tests, trading stock, Pick ’n Pay and subsequent capital/revenue cases.

“Could you give us an idea on what we are all doing here?” the Patient Voice in Cancer Research (PVCR) starting the journey of involvement in Ireland

Background Involving patients and their carers in research has become more common, as funders demand evidence of involvement. The ‘Patient Voice in Cancer Research’ (PVCR) is an initiative led by University College Dublin (UCD) in Ireland. It encourages and enables people affected by cancer, and their families to become involved in shaping and informing the future of cancer research across the island of Ireland. Its aim is to identify the questions and needs that matter most to (i) people living with a cancer diagnosis, and (ii) those most likely to improve the relevance of cancer research. The initiative commenced in April 2016. Methods This paper presents a reflective case study of our journey thus far. We outline three key stages of the initiative and share what we have learnt. At the core of PVCR, is a focus on building long-term relationships. Results We have developed over time an inclusive initiative that is built on trust and respect for everyone’s contributions. This work is grounded on collegiality, mixed with a good sense of humour and friendship. Conclusion The development of PVCR has taken time and investment. The benefits and impact of undertaking this work have been immensely rewarding and now require significant focus as we enhance cancer research across the island of Ireland.

Appendicitis in Children: Fundamentals and Particularities

Acute appendicitis in children under 5 years of age is a diagnostic challenge, its delay is usually dramatic and leaves serious sequelae. It is one of the main causes of surgical intervention, it is common for other diseases to be associated with it and to simulate it. Acute appendicitis is of obstructive etiology and its pathophysiology, the bacteriology involved and the evolution of the disease progresses through its phases, from the simple to the complex, is addressed in each case. The typical abdominal pain of appendicitis, in addition to vomiting and fever at a young age, is most often accompanied by an atypical clinical picture such as diarrhea. Integrating the clinical signs at this age requires the full capacity and good sense of the pediatric surgeon. For a correct and timely diagnosis, unfortunately many pediatric patients present in complicated stages of the disease, which implies decision-making regarding the type of surgical intervention and subsequent treatments.