Features of the physique of children of individual constitutions and social groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
P. G. Koynosov ◽  
◽  
L. V. Vikhareva ◽  
Al. P. Koynosov ◽  
S. A. Orlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dysfunctional Families ◽  
Selection Of

Goal. To establish the features of the anatomical structure of the body of young men and women of various constitutional types and social groups. Material and methods. The somatotypological features of 328 children aged 17-18 years, who were students of secondary educational institutions of the Tyumen region, were determined. The data on the study were distributed according to the following characteristics: age, gender, constitution, and social group. The main group consisted of people who lived in dysfunctional families, and the children from the control group grew up and were brought up in prosperous conditions. Results. The study significantly complements the data on the physical development of young children of different constitutions and social groups of the Tyumen region. The obtained metric characteristics are the basis for creating an algorithm for evaluating somatic types in the considered child population. The morphotypological deviations in physical development revealed in the course of the study make it possible to prevent the development of pathological processes and to correct the existing disorders. Conclusion. Individual and typological features of the physique are recommended for use in the selection of preventive measures for health protection in educational institutions and the development of regional corrective health programs.

scholarly journals INDIRECT SELECTION OF FEMALE TROUT AS A SELECTION METHOD TO INCREASE THEIR PRODUCTIVITY AND RESISTANCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
I.N. Agleev ◽  
◽  
А.V. Bushov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxygen Absorption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Selection Of

The scientific work considers the selection method of selection in a herd of producers of rainbow trout Kamloops, taking into account values of positive correlation of some morphometric characteristics and degree of development of their reproductive products, as well as the features of natural protective functions of their body at the age of three. It is established that the somatic structure and, development of postorbital region largely determine the functional features of trout, as well as their reproductive qualities. In the indirect selection of three-year-old breeders, taking into account morphometry and correlation, females with a size of postorbital head region greater than 55 mm exceeded by 29.2% the live weight and by 40.4% the weight of trout caviar with a length of this head region less than 55 mm. When comparing the resistance of two experimental groups of three-year-old breeder flock, certain differences in immune proteins and hemoglobin content in blood were revealed. Note that in the selected group of fish, a large degree of saturation of red blood cells with hemoglobin is observed, which indicates increased share of oxygen absorption by the body, as well as the intensity of redox processes of metabolism. Indicators of serum proteins of trout in experimental groups vary ambiguously. So in the experimental group, producers had an average total protein in blood of 63.26 g / l, which is significantly 17.5% more than in the blood of fish in the control group. This can be explained by the relationship of the globulins with the immune status of fish of experimental group and its resistance by raising the level of globulin fraction, a high amount of Ig M` protein (by 42.9%) in the blood of trout in the experimental group suggests more aggressive immune system in these fish to viral, invasive and other infections, indicating improved adaptability of selected herds.

scholarly journals Features the nutritional status of children with relapsing respiratory pathology

2019 ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
N. A. Druzhinina ◽  
L. M. Nasibullina ◽  
D. R. Merzlyakova ◽  
R. Z. Akhmetshin ◽  
G. P. Shiryaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Main Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

A survey of 182 children aged 5 to 9 years in the children’s sanatorium «Duslyk» Ufa. A survey of 182 children aged 5 to 9 years in the children’s sanatorium «Duslyk» Ufa.The main group included 101 children with relapsing respiratory pathology, the control group 81 healthy children. The article presents an analysis of the actual weekly diet of children at home, modern approaches to the study of nutritional status using clinical, biochemical, anthropometric, somatometric methods, bioimpedance measurements. The actual nutrition of children with relapsing respiratory pathology was characterized by an imbalance in the content of the main nutrients. A comprehensive assessment of nutritional status revealed malnutrition in children of the main group. The aim of the study was to assess the actual nutrition, the study of nutritional status, taking into account the clinical and laboratory parameters and the component composition of the body of children in the children’s sanatorium. The inclusion of an assessment of actual nutrition and nutritional status in the survey program will make it possible to timely identify malnutrition in children with relapsing respiratory pathology, purposefully carry out preventive measures.

scholarly journals The dynamics of physical fitness of 5 grade pupils under the influence of outdoor games with elements of martial arts

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
I. Pashkov ◽  
N. Boychenko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
The Body ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: to determine the dynamics of physical fitness of 5 grade pupils under the influence of outdoor games with elements of martial arts. Material and methods. The research was carried out in Kharkov, on the basis of a comprehensive school of I-III levels No 118. The study involved 40 students of 5t grade (20 experimental and 20 control groups). In the educational process, which was developed on the basis of the curriculum in physical culture for general educational institutions of grades 5-9 (approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of October 23, 2017 No 1407, we included outdoor games with elements of martial arts). During the research, the following methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources, Internet data, generalization of theoretical and practical experience of specialists in the field of physical culture and martial arts, pedagogical research, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: the analysis of the results obtained indicates that the indices of physical fitness are better in the experimental group than in the control group. The results of the arithmetic mean indicators when performing a 30-meter run in the experimental group were 6,45±0,1, in the control group 6,46±0,11 s; shuttle run test 4×9 m (s) in the experimental group – 11,74±0,16, in the control group - 11.83 ± 0.14; in the test, the long jump from the spot (cm), 146,55±3,05 and 146,55±3,05; indicators of the test performance long jump with a run (cm) in the experimental group are within 245-310 cm, in the control group 240-320; when throwing a small ball at a distance (m) in the experimental group – 22,45±1,12 and the control group – 20,15±1,05; indicators of pupils in the experimental and control groups in the test of raising the body in sitting for 30 seconds 23,4±0,82 and 20,65±0,85. Conclusions. Modern trends in physical education in general educational institutions require the teacher to search for new means and methods to expand the motor experience of students. This can be achieved through the targeted use of specialized outdoor games with elements of martial arts. After the pedagogical experiment, the level of competence of students in the experimental group is higher than that of the control group. The high level of competence in the experimental group ranges from 15 to 80 %, sufficient - from 20 to 50 % and average - from 15 to 35; in the control group, students predominantly have sufficient from 30 to 40 and average from 25 to 60 % and high from 15 to 60 %. The results of the indices of the coefficients of variation of the experimental and control groups are stable in terms of the general population in the tests: running 30 m (sec) – 7,42 and 7,79; shuttle run 4 × 9 m (s) 6,37 and 5,41; standing long jump (cm) 9,29 and 8,86; long jump with a run (cm) 6.77 and 7.87, moderately stable: throwing a small ball at a distance (m) 22,36 and 23,29; raising the body in a sitting position in 30 seconds (number of times) and 18,6. Keywords: physical culture, martial arts, students, lesson, means, elements.

scholarly journals Analysis of the physical growth and markers of connective tissue dysplasia in patients with Perthes disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Ilia L. Lobov ◽  
Aleхander V. Malkov ◽  
Nikolay I. Lobov
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Perthes Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Disease Inheritance ◽  
Internal Markers

Introduction. The pathogenesis of Perthes disease is not fully understood and requires a greater understanding of the physical development, external and internal markers of connective tissue dysplasia. Objective. To analyze the deviations in physical development and connective tissue dysplasia in children with Perthes disease to determine its phenotypes. Materials and methods. We examined 52 patients and 36 children (control group) aged of 4–17 years. We estimated and compared their physical and proportional growth by using centile charts and Vervec’s index and defined external and internal manifestations of connective tissue dysplasia in major organs, systems, and topographic regions. Complete genealogical histories were taken by with examining the genealogies of 52 probands, including clinical examination of 136 first and second degree relatives. Results. Deviations in physical growth were observed in 33 patients (63.5%). The body height of 27 (51.9%) patients aged 4–17 years ranged from 1–2 lines (3–10%) and was significantly lower than that of the control group within 5 lines (p < 0.5). Six (11.6%) children had body lengths higher than the average 7th line (75–90%). Vervec’s index in 34 (65.4%) children ranged from 1.25–0.85 and represented mesomorphy, moderate brachy, or dolichomorphia. The primary pathology of external organs and systems was skeletal anomalies in 36 (69.2%) children, followed by dermal in 23 (44.2%) and organs of vision in 9 (17.3%). Among visceral disorders, the primary pathology was cardiovascular diseases in 17 (32,7%) children followed by surgical and urological pathologies in 7 (13.5%) and digestive system disorders in 5 (9.6%). Disease inheritance was sporadical in 48 (92.3%) children. Conclusion. The Perthes disease phenotype was related to the undifferentiated form of collagenopathies.

Features of the body composition of boys and girls of certain constitutional types

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
P. G. Koynosov ◽  
◽  
L. V. Vikhareva ◽  
Al. P. Koynosov ◽  
N. Yu. Putina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Young People ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Stage Of Development

Aim. To identify the variability of somatometric parameters and body composition in young people of certain constitutional types and social groups. Material and methods. The survey involved 328 people (162 boys and 166 girls) who lived in different social environments. The representatives of the control group were brought up in a well-off family, and the persons of the main group lived in dysfunctional families. The measurement methods included the main indicators of total body size. Results. Data on the degree of severity of the main components of body weight in young people are presented and significant differences are established among representatives of individual constitutions and social groups. The shown relationships between the main tissue components of body weight and soma allow us to scientifically justify the development of corrective rehabilitation programs to reduce the risk of developing prenosological conditions. Conclusions. The comprehensive study of the somatic status and body composition of young people expands the understanding of the differences in the morphofunctional parameters of the human body. The obtained results of the study allow us to more objectively characterize the structural and functional organization of the soma at this stage of development and to establish the influence of social factors on the vital activity of the organism.

Anthropometric approaches to the assessment of the constitution for boys and girls from different social groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
P. G. Koynosov ◽  
◽  
S. A. Orlov ◽  
Al. P. Koynosov ◽  
N. Yu. Putina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Correctional Programs ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To identify the features of physical development of boys and girls aged 17-18 from various social groups in the Tyumen region. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted of 328 young men and women aged 17-18 years on the basis of educational institutions in the Tyumen region. The group of young men and women surveyed was divided according to their constitutional type and socio-economic status. Anthropometric methods included studies of the longitudinal, transverse, and girth dimensions of the body according to the generally accepted method (V. G. Nikolaev, 2005). The assessment of constitutional affiliation was carried out according to the scheme of V. G. Shtefko and A. D. Ostrovsky in the modification of S. S. Darskaya (1975). The obtained data were processed on a computer using applied mathematical programs. Results. Based on anthropometric studies of the body of young men and women of the Tyumen region, the presence of features in the longitudinal, transverse and girth dimensions that characterize their constitutional affiliation and physical development of individuals of various social groups was established. The lag of children of the main group in indicators of physical development and the formation of a weak dis-harmonious physique was established. The results of the study expand the scientific understanding of the features of growth processes in children of different social groups, complement the knowledge in the field of age and constitutional human anatomy. Conclusion. The obtained data should be taken into account when developing correctional programs aimed at improving the health of children, which allow reducing the impact of an unfavorable environment and normalizing physical development indicators in young people of the Tyumen region.

scholarly journals Particularities of Initial Selection of Primary School Age Sambo Wrestlers Based on the Study of Psychomotor Abilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
I. Baraliuc ◽  
◽  
V. Manolachi ◽  
A. Polevaia-Secareanu ◽  
A. Cotorcea
Keyword(s):  
Study Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fourth Period ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
The Third ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of the study was to identify the particularities of psychomotor abilities in 8-9 years old sambo athletes in the process of initial sport selection. Material and methods. The research presents an algorithm of the leading factors of the step-by-step selection of 165 8-9-year-old pupils for sambo wrestling. The first stage of selection was a thorough checkup, which determined that more than 50 % of the total number of pupils had disturbance of morphology and functionality of different body systems, there remained 68 examinees. At the third stage of selection the identification of intellectual abilities showed that only 73.53 % of pupils out of 68 (i.e. 50 pupils) had an average level of attention stability. According to the appreciation of psychomotor abilities of pupils we identified a decrease on the examinees number with 20 % out of 50 pupils. At the special stage of selection 17.5 % of 8-9 years old pupils, in 70 % of cases (i.e. for the majority of tests) failed to execute the requirements for motor abilities and coordination capacity. The basic experiment was elaborated and realized on the basis of an yearlong pedagogical experiment for which we organized two experimental study groups of sambo wrestlers in their first year of sport training: control group, that included 15 pupils that did not undergo any special selection, and the experimental group, consisting of 15 8-9 years old pupils that were specially selected. We created identical conditions for the learning and training process throughout a year for both groups. However, only in the experimental group we included the experimental methodology of sport diagnostics that contained a complex of scientifically based criteria and conditions. Results and discussion. During the experiment we identified the indices of “timely” reaction of the sambo wrestlers in the control group which improved only by 6 %, compared to the experimental group (57% more compared to the indices at the beginning of the experiment). It presented the dynamics of the tapping test of the sambo wrestlers in the control and experimental groups, from the first to the fourth period. The dynamics showed the local tiredness of the nervous and muscular system of the body, caused by the depression of their brain motor centers, which increased in both groups, but had a visible tendency of aggravation to the fourth period in the control group (from the first to the fourth period – within the limits of 62.80 %) compared to the experimental group, where the speed of elementary movements of children in the tapping test decreased inconclusively in every time period. Thus, at the end of the second period the results of the experimental group decreased by 11.25 %, to the end of the third period they lowered by 36.62 %, to the end of the fourth period they decreased by 15.55 % of the data of the previous period, which in conclusion comprised the decrease from the first to the fourth period up to 63.42 %. Conclusion. Thus, the veridically relevant situation of psychomotor development in the experimental group of sambo wrestlers, in our opinion, became possible due to their preliminary readiness (selection results) and the active experimental training action on them

L-Ascorbic Acid Addition to Chitosan Reduces Body Weight in Overweight Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Y. Jung ◽  
Sung C. Jun ◽  
Un J. Chang ◽  
Hyung J. Suh
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Body Weights

Previously, we have found that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan enhanced the reduction in body weight gain in guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet. We hypothesized that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan would accelerate the reduction of body weight in humans, similar to the animal model. Overweight subjects administered chitosan with or without L-ascorbic acid for 8 weeks, were assigned to three groups: Control group (N = 26, placebo, vehicle only), Chito group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan), and Chito-vita group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan plus 2 g/day L-ascorbic acid). The body weights and body mass index (BMI) of the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the Control group. The BMI of the Chito-vita group decreased significantly compared to the Chito group (Chito: -1.0 kg/m2 vs. Chito-vita: -1.6 kg/m2, p < 0.05). The results showed that the chitosan enhanced reduction of body weight and BMI was accentuated by the addition of L-ascorbic acid. The fat mass, percentage body fat, body circumference, and skinfold thickness in the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased more than the Control group; however, these parameters were not significantly different between the three groups. Chitosan combined with L-ascorbic acid may be useful for controlling body weight.

Burnout of the Mind – Burnout of the Body?

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Traunmüller ◽  
Kerstin Gaisbachgrabner ◽  
Helmut Karl Lackner ◽  
Andreas R. Schwerdtfeger
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urinary Catecholamines ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Cortisol Increase

Abstract. In the present paper we investigate whether patients with a clinical diagnosis of burnout show physiological signs of burden across multiple physiological systems referred to as allostatic load (AL). Measures of the sympathetic-adrenergic-medullary (SAM) axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis were assessed. We examined patients who had been diagnosed with burnout by their physicians (n = 32) and were also identified as burnout patients based on their score in the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and compared them with a nonclinical control group (n = 19) with regard to indicators of allostatic load (i.e., ambulatory ECG, nocturnal urinary catecholamines, salivary morning cortisol secretion, blood pressure, and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]). Contrary to expectations, a higher AL index suggesting elevated load in several of the parameters of the HPA and SAM axes was found in the control group but not in the burnout group. The control group showed higher norepinephrine values, higher blood pressure, higher WHR, higher sympathovagal balance, and lower percentage of cortisol increase within the first hour after awakening as compared to the patient group. Burnout was not associated with AL. Results seem to indicate a discrepancy between self-reported burnout symptoms and psychobiological load.

Perbandingan Efek Suplementasi Tablet Tambah Darah Dengan Dan Tanpa Vitamin C Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Ibu Hamil Dengan Usiakehamilan 16-32 Minggu Di Desa Keniten Kecamatan Mojo Kabupaten Kediri

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Siti Asiyah ◽  
Dwi Estuning Rahayu ◽  
Wiranti Dwi Novita Isnaeni
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Organ ◽  
And Control

The needed of Iron Tablet in pregnancy was increase than mother who not pregnant.  That  cause of  high metabolism at the pregnancy for formed of  fetal organ and energy. One of effort for prevent anemia in mother pregnant with giving the Iron tablet and vitamin c. The reason of  this research in 4 June – 11 July 2014 is for compare the effect of  iron tablet suplementation with and without vitamin C toward Hemoglobin level in mother pregnant With Gestational Age Of 16-32 Weeks In Desa Keniten Kecamatan Mojo Kabupaten Kediri. This research method using comparative analytical.  Research design type of Quasy Eksperiment that have treatment group and control group. Treatment group will giving by Iron tablet and 100 mg vitamin C, and control group just giving by iron tablet during 21 days. Population in this research are all of mother pregnant with Gestational Age Of 16-32 Weeks with Sampling technique is  cluster random sampling is 29 mother pregnant. Comparison analysis of  iron tablet suplementation effect with and without vitamin C toward Hemoglobin level in mother pregnant With Gestational Age Of 16-32 Weeks, data analysis using Mann Whitney U-test and the calculated U value (44,5) less than U-table (51). So there was difference of iron tablet suplementation effect with and without vitamin C toward Hemoglobin level in mother pregnant With Gestational Age Of 16-32 Weeks Therefore, the addition of vitamin C on iron intake is needed to increase the uptake of iron tablets. When the amount of iron uptake increases, the reserves of iron in the body will also increase, so as to prevent anemia in pregnant women; Keywords : Iron Tablet (Fe), Vitamin C, Hemoglobin level, Mother Pregnant

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