scholarly journals Calidad microbiológica de los sistemas de agua de consumo humano municipio de Colcapirhua

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Juan Jose Camacho Camata ◽  
Max Linder Escobar Hinojosa ◽  
Ramiro Angulo Torres ◽  
Joseana Rocha ◽  
Luis Fernando Rojas Terrazas
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
La Red

Introducción: El resultado del consumo de agua insalubre son las enfermedades gastrointestinales, el agua de pozos es la principal fuente de abastecimiento y puede tener contaminación bacteriana. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad microbiológica de los sistemas agua de consumo humano en el municipio de Colcapirhua. Métodos: De julio a octubre del 2018 se realizaron análisis de 109 sistemas de agua, tomando muestras, una en boca de pozo y otra a 100 metros en la red de distribución domiciliaria según la norma boliviana NB 496. Resultados: Mostraron en boca de pozo 42 (38.5%) sin contaminación microbiológica, 60 (55.0%) presentan bacterias coliformes totales y 7 (6.4%) no coliformes “Pseudomona aeroginosa”, entre coliformes totales encontrados están; Escherichia coli 36 (33,2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 10 (9,2%), Klebsiella ozaenae 6 (5,5%), Klebsiella oxytoca 1 (0,9%), Enterobacter cloacae 6 (31,2%) y Citrobacter freundii 2 (1,8%). Los análisis en la red de distribución domiciliaria mostraron; 51 (46.8%) sin contaminación microbiológica, 51 (46.8%) presentan bacterias Coliformes totales y 7 (6.4%) bacterias no coliformes “Pseudomona aeroginosa”, entre los coliformes totales encontrados están; Escherichia coli 34 (31.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae7 (6.4%), Klebsiella ozaenae 6 (5,5%), Klebsiella oxytoca 1 (0,9%), Enterobacter cloacae 4 (3.7%) y Citrobacter freundii 1 (0.9%). Discusión. El agua para consumo humano no debe contener coliformes totales y fecales por norma NB 512 los resultados de la carga microbiana que presentaron las muestras de pozo en el municipio de Colcapirhua, reflejan una calidad microbiológica deficiente que pone en riesgo a la población, por lo que es necesario llevar a cabo un proceso de filtración o desinfección. Conflictos de InteresesLos autores declaramos no tener conflictos de interés para el presente estudio.

scholarly journals A survey on gram-negative bacteria in saffron finches (Sicalis flaveola) from illegal wildlife trade in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamê Miniero Davies ◽  
Marta Brito Guimarães ◽  
Liliane Milanelo ◽  
Maria Gabriela Xavier de Oliveira ◽  
Vasco Túlio De Moura Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
Serratia Liquefaciens

No Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, os pássaros como os canários-da-terra têm sido uma das espécies mais frequentemente resgatadas do tráfico illegal e enviadas aos centros de vida selvagem. Em situações de estresse estas aves podem ser acometidas por infecções causadas por bactérias oportunistas. Este fato é de grande importância quando é planejada da reintrodução das aves na natureza. O presente trabalho foi delineado para avaliar o estado de saúde de canários-da-terra resgatados do tráfico ilegal. Foram colhidas soabes da traqueia e da cloaca de 100 aves resgatadas durante os anos de 2012 e 2013. Os resultados obtidos revelaram alta frequência de bactérias gram-negativas nas fezes e no orofaringe dos animais, com maior frequência para os membros da família Enterobacteriaceae (97,5%). Os gêneros mais frequentes foram Escherichia coli (46,55) e Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,4%). Outros microorganismos incluindo Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia spp, Klebsiella oxytoca e Citrobacter freundii também foram isolados em menor frequencia de aves assintomáticas. A presença de estirpes de Escherichia coli enteropagênicas (EPEC) e as produtoras da toxina de Shiga confirmam o risco de zoonose e a importância para saúde pública deste tipo de ave. 

Антимікробна резистентність провідних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів у Києві (Україна)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
A.G. Salmanov ◽  
A.V. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
E Coli

Мета роботи — вивчити резистентність до антибіотиків бактеріальних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів (ІСШ), виділених у пацієнтів урологічного стаціонару в м. Києві. Матеріали і методи. Досліджено 1612 штамів бактерій, виділених із сечі хворих з ІСШ (цистит, уретрит, пієлонефрит), госпіталізованих в урологічне відділення ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України» у м. Києві протягом 2016 р. Серед пацієнтів переважали жінки — 1201 (74,5 %). Вік хворих становив від 17 до 74 років. Для збору даних використано медичну документацію лікарні. Мікробіологічні дослідження виконано у лабораторії мікробіології ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України». Аналізували результати культурального дослідження зразків сечі, зібраних за наявності клінічних ознак ІСШ. Дослідження клінічного матеріалу та інтерпретацію отриманих результатів проводили загальноприйнятими методами. Вивчено чутливість уропатогенів до 31 антибіотика дискодифузійним методом відповідно до рекомендацій Інституту клінічних та лабораторних стандартів США (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)). Результати та обговорення. Аналіз мікробного спектра сечі виявив домінування серед уропатогенів штамів Escherichia coli (32,0 %), Enterococcus faecalis (19,5 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,9 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8,9 %), S. haemolyticus (6,5 %) та Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6,4 %). Частка Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter aerogenes і Streptococcus viridans становила відповідно 2,5, 2,2 і 1,6 %, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus vulgaris та Providencia rettgeri — менше 1,0 %. У більшості випадків (69,7 %) мікроорганізми виділено у монокультурі, у решті випадків — у мікробних асоціа- ціях. Високу резистентність до тестованих антибіотиків виявили штами E. aerogenes (45,1 %), E. cloacae (45,7 %), E. faecium (40,9 %), E. faecalis (40,7 %), E. coli (39,9 %), P. aeruginosa (34,0 %), K. pneumoniae (28,6 %). Найбільш активними до уропатогенів були іміпенем (E. coli — 87,6 %, P. aeruginosa — 75,7 %, E. cloacae — 67,3 %, E. aerogenes — 72,6 %, K. pneumoniae — 93,2 %), меропенем (E. coli — 89,1 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, K. pneumoniae — 82,6 %), лефлоцин (E. coli — 74,5 %, ентерококи — 78,7 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, E. cloacae — 73,9 %, E. aerogenes — 80,4 %, K. pneumoniae — 83,5 %), амоксицилін/клавуланат (ентерококи — 84,6 %), фурагін (ентерококи — 82,6 %), цефоперазон (K. pneumoniae — 89,2 %, P. aeruginosa — 73,8 %), цефтріаксон (K. pneumoniae — 80,1 %). Висновки. Антибіотикорезистентність збудників ІСШ — важлива терапевтична проблема. Найбільшою активністю до уропатогенів характеризуються іміпенем, меропенем, лефлоцин, амоксицилін/ клавуланат, фурагін, цефоперазон, цефтріаксон, які можна розглядати як препарат вибору для призначення стартової терапії ІСШ. Необхідно здійснювати постійний моніторинг за резистентністю до дії антибіотиків. Політику використання антибіотиків у кожному стаціонарі слід визначати залежно від локальних даних щодо резистентності до протимікробних препаратів.

scholarly journals Microbiology of brewing production - bacteria of the order Enterobacterales and culture methods for their detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Petra Kubizniaková ◽  
Martina Brožová ◽  
Kateřina Štulíková ◽  
Eva Vontrobová ◽  
Katarína Hanzalíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Rahnella Aquatilis ◽  
Raoultella Terrigena ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

The growth of 7 strains belonging to the order of Enterobacterales, represented by the species of Citrobacter Freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Obesumbacterium proteus, Rahnella aquatilis, Raoultella terrigena, Serratia marcescens and Shimwellia pseudoproteus, was monitored on selected cultivation media. Three types of agars - Endo, MacConkey and Chromocult Coliform agar together with two incubation temperatures of 28 and 37 °C were tested under aerobic conditions. The aim of the study was to detect such essential enterobacteria harmful to beer that cannot be proven at 37 °C, which is the temperature usually used in operational laboratories in breweries. Our results showed that most of the tested strains of enterobacteria were able to grow at 28 °C on all selected types of agar. The exception was just the representatives detection of which is problematic at 37 °C. Nevertheless, a little or no growth was always observed on just one of the tested media.

scholarly journals Fatores de risco e perfil do uso de antimicrobianos entre pacientes com infecção no trato urinário em uma unidade de terapia intensiva

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e43910313516
Author(s):  
Lucas Harassim ◽  
Olibio Lopes Fiebig da Silva ◽  
Luiz Felipe Soares Pinheiro ◽  
Elber José Assaiante dos Santos ◽  
Cláudio Daniel Cerdeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

A Infecção no Trato Urinário (ITU) acometendo pacientes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTIs) é uma realidade preocupante, agravada pelo uso irracional de antimicrobianos e a alarmante multirresistência em microrganismos. Nós avaliamos o nível de assertividade quanto ao uso de antimicrobianos durante à antibioticoterapia empírica (ATE), em pacientes diagnosticados com ITU, comparando tal tratamento farmacológico empírico e o realizado após o antibiograma (antibioticoterapia direcionada), além disto, estimamos a prevalência dos agentes etiológicos e analisamos os fatores de risco associados. Este é um estudo observacional e transversal, realizado em 2015, no qual foram avaliados pacientes de ambos os sexos e todas as idades apresentando ITU e submetidos à antibioticoterapia, internados em uma UTI de um hospital no sul de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Dos 49 pacientes avaliados (28 mulheres [M] e 21 homens [H]), a média de idade foi 55±19 anos (IC(95) 49-61) e a faixa etária ≥70 anos foi a predominante. Quatorze diferentes microrganismos foram causadores de ITUs, sendo que 28,3% (IC(95%) 16,2-40,4) dos isolados clínicos tiveram Escherichia coli como o agente etiológico (33,3% H e 28,6% M); 18,9% (IC(95%) 8,3-29,4) Acinetobacter baumannii (33,3% H e 10,7% M); 15,1% (IC(95%) 5,5-24,7) Klebsiella pneumoniae (19% H e 14,3% M); 11,3% Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9,5% H e 14,3% M); 5,7% Enterobacter aerogenes (14,3% H); 3,8% Klebsiella oxytoca; 3,8% Staphylococcus aureus (7,1% M); e 1,9% para cada um dos seguintes microrganismos: Enterococcus faecalis (4,8% H); Proteus mirabilis (3,6% M); Enterobacter cloacae (3,6% M); Providencia rettgeri (4,8% H); Citrobacter koseri (3,6% M); Citrobacter freundii (3,6% M); e Fungos leveduriformes (4,8% H). As prevalências de ITUs causadas por A. baumannii e P. aeruginosa foram influenciadas pelo sexo (χ² com p<0,001). No sexo masculino, houve correlações positivas “substanciais” entre o aumento da idade (em anos) e a prevalência de ITU causada por E. coli (r = 0,69) ou entre idades menos avançadas e a prevalência de ITU causada por A. baumannii (r = -0,7). No sexo feminino, houve uma correlação positiva “extremamente forte” entre o aumento da idade e a prevalência de ITU causada por E. coli (r = 0,94; IC(95) 0,66-0,99; p<0,0014). Os antibióticos mais utilizados de forma empírica (ATE) foram: Ciprofloxacina (14,3% IC(95%) 4,7-24,1), Cefepima (14,3%) e Vancomicina (10%), e após o antibiograma (antibioticoterapia direcionada): Ceftazidima (16,3% IC(95%) 6-26,7), Ciprofloxacina (14,3% IC(95%) 4,5-24,1), Polimixina B (10,2%), Imipenem (10,2%) e Ampicilina + Sulbac. (8,2%). Em 20% dos casos, as terapias empíricas (ATE) foram consideradas “inapropriadas/não acertadas”. Contudo, também devemos ter ciência da necessidade clínica e quanto ao imediatismo para o tratamento de uma ITU em UTI, uma vez que a doença pode ser fatal se uma terapia não for instituída, portanto, nós aconselhamos avaliações mais minuciosas, tanto da racionalidade do uso de antibióticos, quanto dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de ITUs em UTIs.

scholarly journals Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases: Prevalence of CTX-M-3 at a Hospital in China

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 790-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Swathi Kelkar ◽  
Weiyuan Wu ◽  
Minjun Chen ◽  
John P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Extended Spectrum

ABSTRACT The prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing strains was demonstrated in 5 of 44 (11.4%) Escherichia coli, 17 of 43 (39.5%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 of 50 (6.0%) Enterobacter cloacae, and 2 of 25 (8.0%) Citrobacter freundii strains at a teaching hospital in China. Nineteen of these 27 strains expressed CTX-M-3 β-lactamase (pI 8.6). A subset of the clinical isolates expressing the CTX-M-3 enzyme, tested by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, revealed multiple clones. Five isolates expressed a novel enzyme, SHV-43 (pI 8.0), which had two substitutions (Leu113Phe and Thr149Ser) compared with SHV-1.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Imipenem against Carbapenemase-Positive Enterobacteriaceae Isolates Collected by the SMART Global Surveillance Program from 2008 to 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1638-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Karlowsky ◽  
Sibylle H. Lob ◽  
Krystyna M. Kazmierczak ◽  
Robert E. Badal ◽  
Katherine Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
Check Points

ABSTRACT The Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) global surveillance program collected 103,960 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from 2008 to 2014. From this isolate collection, all ertapenem-nonsusceptible isolates (MIC, ≥1 μg/ml; n = 3,428) and 9,371 isolates of Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Klebsiella oxytoca , and Proteus mirabilis with an ertapenem-susceptible extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive phenotype were assessed for the presence of common carbapenemase genes using a Check-MDR CT101 microarray (Check-Points, Wageningen, the Netherlands) and published multiplex PCR assays. Testing identified 1,493 isolates that harbored a carbapenemase gene (1,485 ertapenem-nonsusceptible isolates and 8 ertapenem-susceptible ESBL-positive isolates) and accounted for 1.4% (1,493/103,960) of all isolates of Enterobacteriaceae . The most frequently identified carbapenemase genes were the KPC ( n = 794), OXA-48-like ( n = 300), and NDM ( n = 290) genes. Carbapenemase genes were most frequently identified in Klebsiella pneumoniae ( n = 1,127), Escherichia coli ( n = 149), and Enterobacter cloacae ( n = 110). Among the carbapenemase-positive isolates, 66.7% (2/3), 37.0% (111/300), 20.0% (8/40), 3.3% (3/92), 2.3% (18/794), and 0% (0/290) of the isolates with genes for GES, OXA-48-like, IMP, VIM, KPC, and NDM, respectively, were susceptible to imipenem (MIC, ≤1 μg/ml). Isolates that tested as susceptible to imipenem were not uncommon among carbapenemase-positive isolates (9.4%, 141/1,493) and most frequently carried OXA-48-like enzymes (78.7%; 111/141); however, overall, these isolates remained rare (0.1%, 141/103,960). The practice of screening clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae that test as susceptible to carbapenems in vitro for the presence of carbapenemase genes remains controversial and requires further study.

scholarly journals Caracterización de la infección urinaria y resistencia antimicrobiana en receptores de trasplante renal de un centro colombiano

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. e165-e170
Author(s):  
David Andrés Castañeda-Millán ◽  
Juan Carlos Osorio-Iriarte ◽  
Juan Pablo Alzate-Granados ◽  
Daniel Amórtegui-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan Sebastián Arbeláez-Teuzaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Salmonella Spp

ResumenLa infección del tracto urinario (ITU) es una de las principales complicaciones postrasplante renal, los datos a nivel nacional en ese grupo poblacional son limitados. Objetivos caracterizar la microbiología de las ITU presentadas en receptores de trasplante renal (TxR) en un centro colombiano durante el periodo 2017–2019, los factores relacionados con la resistencia antimicrobiana y el impacto de la ITU en la función del injerto renal. Métodos estudio de corte transversal ejecutado mediante el análisis de la base de datos de ingresos hospitalarios por urgencias de pacientes receptores de TxR con sospecha clínica de ITU en una institución de cuarto nivel en Bogotá, Colombia. El análisis de datos se ejecutó en STATA 13.0. Resultados La ITU causó 12,69% de visitas a urgencias en pacientes trasplantados. Los microorganismos aislados fueron: Escherichia coli 52,22%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 16,67%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4,44%, Salmonella spp 4,44%, Proteus mirabilis 3,33%, Serratia marcescens 2,22%, Klebsiella oxytoca 2,22%, Citrobacter koseri 1,11%, Enterobacter cloacae 1,11%, otros 2,22%; El urocultivo fue negativo en 10% de los casos. El 28,39% (n:23) de gérmenes aislados fue multisensible mientras que el 71,60% (n:58) expresó algún tipo de patrón de resistencia distribuido así: 68,96% productor de betalactamasa de espectro extendido (BLEE), 15,52% productor de carbapenemasas, 12,06% productor de betalactamasa tipo IRT, 3,45% fue catalogado como multirresistente. 17,78% de los pacientes presentó criterios de urosepsis, no se registró ningún caso de mortalidad asociada a la ITU. La creatinina sérica tuvo un incremento promedio de 0,46 mg/dl durante el episodio de ITU (p: <0,0001) y el antecedente de diabetes mellitus se relacionó con la ITU causada por gérmenes resistentes (p: 0,008). Conclusiones La ITU es una causa frecuente de atención en urgencias para pacientes receptores de TxR; la Escherichia coli es el microorganismo causal más frecuente y cerca del 70% de los gérmenes aislados presentó algún patrón de resistencia antimicrobiana.

scholarly journals Distribution of Enterobacteria in Ready-to-Eat Food in Cafeterias and Retail Food Outlets in Benin City: Public Health Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
I.H. Igbinosa ◽  
A. Beshiru ◽  
N.E. Egharevba ◽  
E.O. Igbinosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Isolation And Identification

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of enterobacteria isolated from ready-to-eat foods within Benin metropolis, Nigeria.Methods: This was a descriptive study of 210 ready-to-eat food samples comprising fried rice, jollof rice, moi-moi, salad, oil beans, non-oil beans, and African salad obtained from roadside food vendors between January and June 2017. Isolation and identification of enterobacteria isolates were carried out using standard bacteriological and molecular methods. Antibiotic susceptibility profile was carried out using the disc diffusion method.Results: The mean mesophilic bacterial count expressed in log10 CFU/g from the ready-to-eat foods ranged from oil beans (4.3±0.52) to African salad (7.2±1.38). Escherichia coli count ranged between oil beans (1.8±0.16) and African salad (4.1±0.10). Salmonella species count ranged from non-oil beans (2.3±0.17) to African salad (5.2±0.09). Significant differences were observed from the population count of the ready-to-eat foods (p < 0.05). Bacterial isolates recovered from the ready-to-eat foods include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca. The highest occurrence of the bacterial isolates was Escherichia coli 23(41.07%) while the least was Citrobacter freundii 3(5.36%) and Enterobacter cloacae 3(5.36%). The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the bacterial isolates revealed that all bacterial isolates were 100% resistant to cefepime, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, ertapenem, and meropenem; with considerable sensitivity to kanamycin and gentamycin.Conclusion: The occurrence of these bacterial isolates in the foods constitutes public health risk to consumers as these pathogens have been associated with foodborne infections. Keywords: Antibiotic-resistant; Enterobacteria; Foodborne pathogens; Microbial quality; Public health; Street foods

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization and Emergence of the Metallo-β-Lactamase GIM-1 in Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae during a Long-Term Outbreak

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 5162-5165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas F. Wendel ◽  
Alexander H. B. Brodner ◽  
Stephan Wydra ◽  
Sofija Ressina ◽  
Birgit Henrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTSince the first isolation in 2002, the metallo-β-lactamase GIM-1 has not been detected outside Germany. The data presented here, for 50 clinicalblaGIM-1-positive isolates, includingPseudomonasspp. andEnterobacteriaceae(Enterobacter cloacae,Klebsiella oxytoca,Serratia marcescens,Escherichia coli, andCitrobacter freundii), collected between 2007 and 2012 at the original site in an ongoing outbreak, demonstrate a diverse genetic background and dissemination of the gene conferring resistance to enteric bacteria.

scholarly journals Ceftazidime-Avibactam Activity Tested against Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from U.S. Hospitals (2011 to 2013) and Characterization of β-Lactamase-Producing Strains

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 3509-3517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Castanheira ◽  
Janet C. Mills ◽  
Sarah E. Costello ◽  
Ronald N. Jones ◽  
Helio S. Sader
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Good Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
M 14

ABSTRACTCeftazidime-avibactam (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml) inhibited 99.9% (20,698/20,709) ofEnterobacteriaceaeisolates at ≤8 μg/ml. This compound was active against resistant subsets, including ceftazidime-nonsusceptibleEnterobacter cloacae(MIC50/90, 0.25/0.5 μg/ml) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype isolates. An ESBL phenotype was noted among 12.4% (1,696/13,692 isolates from targeted species) of the isolates, including 776Escherichia coli(12.0% for this species; MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml), 721Klebsiella pneumoniae(16.3%; MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml), 119Klebsiella oxytoca(10.3%; MIC50/90, 0.06/0.25 μg/ml), and 80Proteus mirabilis(4.9%; MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 μg/ml) isolates. The most common enzymes detected among ESBL phenotype isolates from 2013 (n= 743) screened using a microarray-based assay were CTX-M-15-like (n= 307), KPC (n= 120), SHV ESBLs (n= 118), and CTX-M-14-like (n= 110). KPC producers were highly resistant to comparators, and ceftazidime-avibactam (MIC50/90, 0.5/2 μg/ml) and tigecycline (MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μg/ml; 98.3% susceptible) were the most active agents against these strains. Meropenem (MIC50/90, ≤0.06/≤0.06 μg/ml) and ceftazidime-avibactam (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml) were active against CTX-M-producing isolates. Other enzymes were also observed, and ceftazidime-avibactam displayed good activity against the isolates producing less common enzymes. Among 11 isolates displaying ceftazidime-avibactam MIC values of >8 μg/ml, three wereK. pneumoniaestrains producing metallo-β-lactamases (all ceftazidime-avibactam MICs, >32 μg/ml), with two NDM-1 producers and oneK. pneumoniaestrain carrying theblaKPC-2andblaVIM-4genes. Therapeutic options for isolates producing β-lactamases may be limited, and ceftazidime-avibactam, which displayed good activity against strains, including those producing KPC enzymes, merits further study in infections where such organisms occur.

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