scholarly journals VACCINATION COVERAGE RATES AND THE INCIDENCE OF VACCINE PREVENTABLE DISEASES AMONG CHILDREN IN SUMY REGION OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Vladyslav A. Smiianov ◽  
Halyna S. Zaitseva ◽  
Victorya A. Kurganskaya ◽  
Anatoly G. Dyachenko ◽  
Volodymyr P. Zbarazhskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Routine Immunization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Measles Outbreak ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Coverage Rates

Introduction: Routine immunization contributes immensely to decline the incidence of vaccine preventable diseases among children. Statistical data shown the sharply decrease the vaccination coverage rates in Sumy region of Ukraine. The aim: Assess routine immunization uptake and its effect on the incidence of vaccine preventable diseases among children in Sumy region of Ukraine. Review: During some years, only 50-60 % of Sumy region children had received all recommended vaccines, which is far below World Health Organization target of 80 %. This has led to an increase of morbidity associated with some infectious diseases. Outbreaks of measles were registered in 2006 and 2012, when were ill 9346 and 7931 children respectively. Massive measles outbreak ongoing nowadays. Total number infected have already exceeded 35,000 cases. Conclusions: RI uptake in Ukraine is still below World Health Organization target. The main reason for the ongoing measles outbreak was low vaccination coverage for routine immunization antigens as a result of which collective immunity decreased to a critical level. Strict monitoring of the implementation of the immunization schedule by medical institutions at all levels are recommended to improve vaccination status of Ukrainian children.

scholarly journals Are the Objectives Proposed by the WHO for Routine Measles Vaccination Coverage and Population Measles Immunity Sufficient to Achieve Measles Elimination from Europe?

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Pedro Plans-Rubió
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Measles Elimination ◽  
Reproduction Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Measles Vaccination ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Measles Vaccination Coverage

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed two-dose measles vaccination coverage of at least 95% of the population and percentages of measles immunity in the population of 85%−95% in order to achieve measles elimination in Europe. The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the measles vaccination coverage required to establish herd immunity against measles viruses with basic reproduction numbers (Ro) ranging from 6 to 60, and (2) to assess whether the objectives proposed by the WHO are sufficient to establish herd immunity against measles viruses. Methods: The herd immunity effects of the recommended objectives were assessed by considering the prevalence of protected individuals required to establish herd immunity against measles viruses with Ro values ranging from 6 to 60. Results: The study found that percentages of two-dose measles vaccination coverage from 88% to 100% could establish herd immunity against measles viruses with Ro from 6 to 19, assuming 95% measles vaccination effectiveness. The study found that the objective of 95% for two-dose measles vaccination coverage proposed by the WHO would not be sufficient to establish herd immunity against measles viruses with Ro ≥ 10, assuming 95% measles vaccination effectiveness. By contrast, a 97% measles vaccination coverage objective was sufficient to establish herd immunity against measles viruses, with Ro values from 6 to 13. Measles immunity levels recommended in individuals aged 1−4 years (≥85%) and 5−9 years (≥90%) might not be sufficient to establish herd immunity against most measles viruses, while those recommended in individuals aged 10 or more years (≥95%) could be sufficient to establish herd immunity against measles viruses with Ro values from 6 to 20. Conclusion: To meet the goal of measles elimination in Europe, it is necessary to achieve percentages of two-dose measles vaccination coverage of at least 97%, and measles immunity levels in children aged 1−9 years of at least 95%.

Development of the World Health Organization Measles Programmatic Risk Assessment Tool Using Experience from the 2009 Measles Outbreak in Namibia

Risk Analysis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1072-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Kriss ◽  
Roselina J. De Wee ◽  
Eugene Lam ◽  
Reinhard Kaiser ◽  
Messeret E. Shibeshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Risk Assessment Tool ◽  
World Health ◽  
Measles Outbreak ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

scholarly journals Diagnostic challenges and pockets of susceptibility identified during a measles outbreak, Luxembourg, 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Kohnen ◽  
Patrick Hoffmann ◽  
Caroline Frisch ◽  
Emilie Charpentier ◽  
Aurélie Sausy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Country Of Birth ◽  
Winter Sports ◽  
Measles Elimination ◽  
Measles Outbreak ◽  
The World ◽  
Neighbouring Country ◽  
Health Organization

Luxembourg was among the first countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region documenting interruption of endemic measles transmission, but an increased incidence was registered in spring 2019. The outbreak started with an unvaccinated student who had been to a winter sports resort in a neighbouring country, where a measles outbreak was ongoing. Subsequently, 12 secondary and two tertiary cases were confirmed among students from the same school, relatives and healthcare workers, as well as six probably unrelated cases. Only 11 cases initially fulfilled the WHO definition for suspected measles cases. Fourteen of 20 cases with information on country of birth and the majority of unvaccinated cases (10/12) were born outside of Luxembourg. Measles IgM antibody results were available for 16 of the confirmed cases, and five of the eight IgM negative cases had been vaccinated at least once. All 21 cases were PCR positive, but for three previously vaccinated cases with multiple specimen types, at least one of these samples was negative. The outbreak highlighted diagnostic challenges from clinical and laboratory perspectives in a measles elimination setting and showed that people born abroad and commuters may represent important pockets of susceptible people in Luxembourg.

scholarly journals Ongoing African measles virus genotype outbreak in Tel Aviv district since April, Israel, 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kopel ◽  
Z Amitai ◽  
M Savion ◽  
Y Aboudy ◽  
E Mendelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Region ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Measles Outbreak ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

A measles outbreak is affecting the Tel Aviv district, Israel, since April 2012. As of 10 September, 99 cases were confirmed, including 63 (64%) migrants of Eritrean and Sudanese origin. All genotyped cases had the African B3 genotype*. The mean age of migrant and non-migrant cases was 6.0±9.6 and 30.2±24.2 years, respectively (p<0.001). The majority of both migrant and non-migrant cases was unvaccinated. This is the second African measles B3 genotype outbreak within the World Health Organization European region in 2012.

scholarly journals European Immunization Week 2008 - time for reflection

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kreidl ◽  
H Gomes ◽  
P L Lopalco ◽  
K Hagmaier ◽  
L Pastore Celentano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
World Health ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

This week’s edition of Eurosurveillance is dedicated to European Immunization Week 2008, which will take place from 21 to 27 April. In 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) organised the first European Immunization Week (http://www.euro.who.int/vaccine/eiw/20050608_1) to increase vaccination coverage by raising awareness about the importance of immunisation, with a special focus on reaching vulnerable and hard-to-reach population groups. During the week, each participating country implements activities to inform and engage key target groups using the slogan “prevent-protect-immunise” and focuses on critical challenges regarding immunisation in their country.

scholarly journals Environment, Lifestyle and Health Status: a European Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Seke ◽  
Ljiljana Marković-Denić ◽  
Velimir Štavljanin ◽  
Zoran Radojičić ◽  
Nataša Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
European Perspective ◽  
Joint Influence ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Although population health cannot be measured in exact measurable form, a large number of concepts have been developed, and measurements have been framed through the presence of many different indicators. The impact of the environment on human health is well known. However, attention should be paid that no significant number of papers focused on the co-occurrence of environmental and lifestyle determinants on health status. This paper aims to emphasize the joint influence of environmental and lifestyle determinants on the European population's health status. The study was based on the World Health Organization statistical data, and 50 European countries were included. Three data sets were observed: Health status, Environmental, and Lifestyle indicators. Taking into account a large number of data, multivariate analyzes were applied. Results indicate that co-occurrence of environmental and lifestyle determinants have a significant impact on the health status in Europe.

The Role of Pharmacists in Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy and the Measles Outbreak

2019 ◽  
pp. 089719001989543
Author(s):  
Katelin M. Lisenby ◽  
Kruti N. Patel ◽  
Michelle T. Uichanco
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Measles Outbreak ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Vaccine hesitancy has been identified as a top threat to global health by the World Health Organization. The current measles outbreak in the United States places even greater emphasis on the relevance of this topic. Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective methods to avoid preventable disease and associated complications. Safety concerns and lack of education commonly contribute to vaccination refusals. By providing patients evidence-based facts and education, pharmacists have the opportunity to address common misconceptions influencing the antivaccination movement and prevent future outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Diphtheria in Yemen, 2017-2018: Surveillance Data Analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suaad Ameen Moghalles ◽  
Basher Ahmed Aboasba ◽  
Mohammed Abdullah Alamad ◽  
Yousef Saleh Khader
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

BACKGROUND As a consequence of war and the collapse of the health system in Yemen, which prevented many people from accessing health facilities to obtain primary health care, vaccination coverage was affected, leading to a deadly diphtheria epidemic at the end of 2017. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of diphtheria in Yemen and determine its incidence and case fatality rate. METHODS Data were obtained from the diphtheria surveillance program 2017-2018, using case definitions of the World Health Organization. A probable case was defined as a case involving a person having laryngitis, pharyngitis, or tonsillitis and an adherent membrane of the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nose. A confirmed case was defined as a probable case that was laboratory confirmed or linked epidemiologically to a laboratory-confirmed case. Data from the Central Statistical Organization was used to calculate the incidence per 100,000 population. A <i>P</i> value &lt;.05 was considered significant. RESULTS A total of 2243 cases were reported during the period between July 2017 and August 2018. About 49% (1090/2243, 48.6%) of the cases were males. About 44% (978/2243, 43.6%) of the cases involved children aged 5 to 15 years. Respiratory tract infection was the predominant symptom (2044/2243, 91.1%), followed by pseudomembrane (1822/2243, 81.2%). Based on the vaccination status, the percentages of partially vaccinated, vaccinated, unvaccinated, and unknown status patients were 6.6% (148/2243), 30.8% (690/2243), 48.6% (10902243), and 14.0% (315/2243), respectively. The overall incidence of diphtheria was 8 per 100,000 population. The highest incidence was among the age group &lt;15 years (11 per 100,000 population), and the lowest incidence was among the age group ≥15 years (5 per 100,000 population). The overall case fatality rate among all age groups was 5%, and it was higher (10%) in the age group &lt;5 years. Five governorates that were difficult to access (Raymah, Abyan, Sa'ada, Lahj, and Al Jawf) had a very high case fatality rate (22%). CONCLUSIONS Diphtheria affected a large number of people in Yemen in 2017-2018. The majority of patients were partially or not vaccinated. Children aged ≤15 years were more affected, with higher fatality among children aged &lt;5 years. Five governorates that were difficult to access had a case fatality rate twice that of the World Health Organization estimate (5%-10%). To control the diphtheria epidemic in Yemen, it is recommended to increase routine vaccination coverage and booster immunizations, increase public health awareness toward diphtheria, and strengthen the surveillance system for early detection and immediate response.

scholarly journals OSTEOPOROSIS - STATISTICAL DATA FOR PATIENTS WITH OSTEOPOROSIS IN THE PERIOD FROM 2020 AND THE CURRENT 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 366-370
Author(s):  
Jihe Zhu ◽  
Blagica Arsovska ◽  
Kristina Kozovska
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Older People ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

About 120.000 women in Macedonia suffer from osteoporosis. These statistics of the World Health Organization are just a warning about the need for treatment and prevention of this disease. For this research were analyzed statistical data for patients with osteoporosis in the period from 2020 and the current 2021. The data were taken from PHI Medika - Strumica, R.N. Macedonia and the Faculty of Medicine, Skopje RS Macedonia. From the obtained data from 2020 and 2021 for the number of examinations that have been performed in patients with osteoporosis over 50 years, in 2020, out of a total of 542 examinations, 523 are women diagnosed with osteoporosis and 19 are men. In the current 2021, out of a total of 115 examinations, 112 are women and 3 men are registered with osteoporosis. From the obtained data from the PHI Medika - Strumica, in 2020, out of a total of 792 examinations, 762 are women diagnosed with osteoporosis and 30 are men. In the current 2021, out of a total of 256 examinations, 250 are women and 6 men. In women osteoporosis is significantly more common than in men. From the hospitalized patients with hip fracture because of osteoporosis, 3.4% of those who are hospitalized are patients aged from 60 to 69 years, 30.6% are aged from 70 to 79 years, 66% are patients aged 80+ years. Age also plays an important role in osteoporosis and fractures. Older people are more likely to need hospital care than younger people.

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