Strategic interaction: The PRL Government, Solidarity, the Church, and the problem of political prisoners

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-225
Author(s):  
Andrzej Friszke
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Political Prisoners ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

This study of the struggle between the government of the Polish People’s Republic and Solidarity in the years 1981-1984 discerns three key actors in Polish politics: the Communist party leadership and security apparatus, the arrested leaders of Solidarity, and the bishops and advisers of the Catholic Church. The PRL government made strategic decisions in this period regarding repression and liberalization. Following initial advanced preparation for the trial of eleven arrested leaders of Solidarity and KSS KOR, the government attempted to coerce the arrestees into leaving Poland, thus weakening the movement’s legitimacy. The article demonstrates how the interaction between the leaders of the two sides – mediated by bishops and advisers – produced a new dynamic and a shift in the existing political mechanism. What was once a mass movement transformed into a more regular, staffed organization with a greater role played by leaders, who symbolized the continuity of the movement and enabled Solidarity to weather the period of repression. The article shows the changes and tensions in the Solidarity movement, along with the changes that were occurring in parallel on the side of the government and the mediating third actor, i.e., the Catholic Church. This case study of the strategic clash that occurred at the beginning of the 1980s illustrates the transformations that took place within the government and Solidarity – transformations that would prove crucial to the transition process in 1988-1989.

The Awakening of a New Form of Christianity? Catholicism in the Cariri Region (Brazil)

Exchange ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-397
Author(s):  
Jan Joris Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Evangelical Churches ◽  
Rural Zone ◽  
New Form ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractThe Cariri region is the most isolated and poor part of the rural zone of the diocese of Campina Grande in the Paraiba state of Brazil. The Catholic Church has been present here for a relatively short time: 335 years. Moreover the region has an isolated context and this favors conservatism so that only fundamental changes have an impact. These facts make the Cariri an interesting region for a case study about how Catholicism develops. I distinguish five periods, which are described with religious key words and situated in the socio-cultural context. This classification is a schematization: different types of Catholicism often exist together. It is obvious that the dominant features of Catholicism change with time, but in the mainstream of the fifth period we see a small revolution. Now there are not only influences in the socio cultural context and factors in the Church itself that cause changes, but there are also influences of powerful newcomers, the evangelical churches. Their main impact is that many people have left the Catholic Church and are going to live their old faith in a new form. The Catholic Church is searching for adequate ways to respond to this phenomenon.

scholarly journals THE DYNAMIC OF CACI MULTIFUNCTION IN MANGGARAI ETHNIC NOWADAYS

2020 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Karolus Budiman Jama ◽  
I Wayan Ardika ◽  
I Ketut Ardhana ◽  
I Ketut Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
Local People ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Manggaraian ethnic has a special art named Caci. The art holds and became an identity of the whole of Manggaraian. The art was begun as the ritual of farmer’s land fertility. In its developing, the aesthetic has gone under the multifunction in it show time. The art is not only performing for the shake of the local people culture, but also perform for the political interest as well as the catholic church in Mangggarai.  This research used ethnographic method, data collected through the observation, interview, documentation, and triangulation. The research was done in Manggaraian ethnic of Flores. Every Caci performance has its own unique ideology. The ideology goes behind the cultural Caci performance is the ideology of fertility. The ideology goes behind the government interest of Caci performance is capitalism economy and political power.  The church ideology is inclusivism through the inculturation languages. Keywords: dynamic, multifunction, caci, ideology, culture identity

scholarly journals The NN’s souls-cult: a case study of catholicism and popular religion in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Bastidas Meneses ◽  
Tom Kaden ◽  
Bernt Schnettler
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Popular Religion ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Peaceful Coexistence ◽  
Relative Independence ◽  
Symbolic Structure ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractThis article analyzes the cult of the souls in Purgatory in Puerto Berrío, Colombia, and its relationship with the Catholic Church. Through empirical evidence, it identifies three characteristics of this cult, namely, its relative independence from the Catholic Church, its heterogeneity and its utilitarian character, and compares them with other cases of Latin American popular Catholicism. The particularities of the cult enable an analysis of how popular religion, rather than generating a conflict with the Catholic Church, maintains an ambiguous relationship with it. The case shows that popular religion not only incorporates the symbolic structure of the Catholic Church to legitimize itself, but also that the church tolerates it, contributing to the peaceful coexistence of the popular and the institutionalized. Consequently, this leads believers, instead of adhering to a supposed binary opposition, to shift between popular and institutionalized religion.

Church Organization in Brandenburg–Prussia from the Reformation to 1740

1938 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-290
Author(s):  
Reinhold A. Dorwart
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Local Church ◽  
Church Organization ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

For obvious reasons, a study of the organization of the Church in Brandenburg-Prussia must begin with the formal acceptance of the Reformation in those territories. The Reformation was not accepted officially in Brandenburg until after the death of Joachim I in 1535. His son and heir, Margrave and Elector Joachim II joined the Protestant ranks in 1539. Prior to this time the Church in Brandenburg had been an integral part of the Catholic Church of Rome; and local church organization and the supervision thereof had been in the hands of the episcopal consistory. This latter body attended to all the business of reviewing and supervising the administration of its diocese, of issuing the reports of the bishop or administrator, of appointment of apostolic visitors, and of the government, temporal administration, and discipline of seminaries.

Activity of the Communist Government Appointed in the Greek-Catholic Episcopal Office in Prešov

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Peter Borza
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
Communist Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Activity of the Communist Government Appointed in the Greek-Catholic Episcopal Office in Prešov The paper deals with the activities of the government appointee in the Greek Catholic Episcopal office in Presov before the violent destruction of the Greek Catholic Church in 1950. The government appointee was used by the communists in the Episcopal office to limit the freedom of the hierarchy of the Catholic Church in Slovakia. This was an unprecedented intrusion into the jurisdiction of bishops, which contravened the church, but also democratic principles. Government appointees were part of the planned fight against the Church, which was at that time, the last real force, capable of contradicting the emerging totalitarian regime.

The Catholic Church in Poland

Worldview ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Marek Skwarnicki
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
List Type ◽  
Sacred Objects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Private Owner ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

The Church and State in Poland are now passing through a period of relaxation. There are innumerable small changes that testify to this, but the most important are these:1. Declarations by representatives of the Party and the Government have stressed equalirv of opportunity for each citizen regardless of his religion. The ultimate criteria in the evaluation of a worker are to be his work outlay, his capabilitv and his knowledge, and not his relationship to the Church.2. The properties of the Catholic Church in the western territories were nationalized in 1961, and since then the Church has been in the position of tenant in that area. Now these properties have been returned. Elsewhere in Poland the Church remains the private owner of sacred objects and of small agricultural plots.3. Talks between the episcopate and the Government, long suspended, have been resumed.4. There has been some liberalization in the policy of taxation of the Church.5. The policy of granting passports has been liberalized, and a greater number of permits are now being given to priests for trips to non-Communist countries either for scholarly purposes or in connection with agencies administered bv them.

The Evolution of a Mission Policy: A Case Study

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-145
Author(s):  
Gerald A. Arbuckle
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Religious Congregation ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Vatican 11 introduced into the Catholic Church major theological, administrative, and pastoral changes relating to its view of mission. Since the council, these changes have been further refined. This article is about how one missionary religious congregation, the Society of Mary (Marist Fathers), reacted to these changes. Prior to the council, the congregation accepted the Euro-centric superiority view of the church with unfortunate consequences for all concerned. Today the congregation has absorbed at least in theory the new changes. Internalization of the new mission emphases is slower. The case study illustrates inter alia the importance of leadership being fully aware of theological and anthropological insights for the development of a mission policy.

Apparitional Movements as Sites of Religious Experimentation

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Halemba
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Virgin Mary ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Marian Apparitions ◽  
The One ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Based on an analysis of existing literature on Marian apparitions and field research-based case study from contemporary Transcarpathian Ukraine, this article asserts that an interpretation of Marian apparitional movements as a form of acquiescence to the authoritarian and conservative vision of the Catholic Church is too simplistic. The Virgin Mary appears in moments of crisis that are often caused or exacerbated by conflicts, especially ecclesiastical ones and it is also true that the sites of apparitions often do give a voice to those critical of modern changes. However, they are not always instrumentalized in support of conservative ideas. To the contrary, Marian apparitions are often sites of religious experimentation and innovation. On the one hand the Church can be extremely skeptical of or even hostile to apparitional events, still on the other hand the Church makes use of them as places of religious modernization with an aim to revitalize religious adherence.

Disciplining Diversity: The Roman Inquisition and Social Control in Malta, 1743–98

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 354-365
Author(s):  
Frans Ciappara
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Council Of Trent ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Having lost northern Europe to the Protestants the Catholic Church tried to preserve control over what remained of therespublica Christiana. The attempt was twofold. First, it was political. The popes declared the entire Catholic world for their diocese. The government of the Christian peoples’, Pius V observed, ‘belongs to Us and We should see that they are governed with charity’. Second, the popes admitted that the Reformation had been the result partly of the religious and spiritual shortcomings of the Church itself and tried to make the requisite internal reforms. The Council of Trent defined Catholic doctrine and anathemized whoever disagreed with it. Seminaries were set up to train the clergy while the lay population was held under tight control. The Jesuits and the Office of the Holy Roman Inquisition were the main instruments of discipline. In this article I will explore the ways in which the Holy Office impinged on Maltese society during the time of the last eight inquisitors. Fortunately the archive deposits of the Inquisition in Malta are nearly complete and the recent opening of the Vatican archives has added further to our knowledge of the Maltese Holy Office.

Projectification of a global organization – case study of the Roman Catholic Church

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Jałocha ◽  
Anna Góral ◽  
Ewa Bogacz-Wojtanowska
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand projectification processes of the global organization, based on the example of the Catholic Church’s activities. The Catholic Church is the oldest and the largest international organisation to be assessed also from the longue durée perspective. The Church as both a large and supranational organisation and a religious community has carried out a lot of social tasks. A part of its activity relating to the Church’s basic mission is carried out in these days in the form of various projects. In this paper, the authors demonstrate that seemingly unchanging structure, such as the Catholic Church, based on a determined hierarchy, strict principles and rules of conduct, is affected by the projectification processes. Design/methodology/approach The authors chose the method of a single case study. To analyse the projectification processes in the Church, the authors focussed on flagship mega-events of WYD programme, from which the following were selected: Rome (1985), Manila (1995), Sydney (2008), Rio de Janeiro (2013) and Krakow (2016). Findings The study demonstrates that organisational projectification processes can have a real impact on the strategic changes in the global organisation. Under the influence of significant projects, organisations can change internally and also redefine their way of interacting with the stakeholders. Projectification at the same time is a change and leads to it. The research also shows that projectification of a global organisation can intensify internal learning processes. On the one hand, “projectification agents” transfer project practices to various regions of the world, and, on the other, draw on local practices. Therefore, the projectification process is not simply transplanting the project “virus” into new places, but also a process of change and adaptation to the stimuli flowing from the environment. Originality/value The particularities, the distinctiveness of the projects of the Catholic Church can be an inspiration for others realizing projects. The experience of the Catholic Church in the implementation of WYD can be valuable for organisations implementing other projects that require involvement and activation of many, diverse stakeholders, for example, charitable projects or the so-called community engagement projects implemented by large international organisations, such as the World Bank, UNICEF, the UN, the Red Cross or humanitarian projects organised by NGOs in different parts of the world.

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