The Catholic Church in Poland

Worldview ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Marek Skwarnicki
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
List Type ◽  
Sacred Objects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Private Owner ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

The Church and State in Poland are now passing through a period of relaxation. There are innumerable small changes that testify to this, but the most important are these:1. Declarations by representatives of the Party and the Government have stressed equalirv of opportunity for each citizen regardless of his religion. The ultimate criteria in the evaluation of a worker are to be his work outlay, his capabilitv and his knowledge, and not his relationship to the Church.2. The properties of the Catholic Church in the western territories were nationalized in 1961, and since then the Church has been in the position of tenant in that area. Now these properties have been returned. Elsewhere in Poland the Church remains the private owner of sacred objects and of small agricultural plots.3. Talks between the episcopate and the Government, long suspended, have been resumed.4. There has been some liberalization in the policy of taxation of the Church.5. The policy of granting passports has been liberalized, and a greater number of permits are now being given to priests for trips to non-Communist countries either for scholarly purposes or in connection with agencies administered bv them.

scholarly journals THE DYNAMIC OF CACI MULTIFUNCTION IN MANGGARAI ETHNIC NOWADAYS

2020 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Karolus Budiman Jama ◽  
I Wayan Ardika ◽  
I Ketut Ardhana ◽  
I Ketut Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
Local People ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Manggaraian ethnic has a special art named Caci. The art holds and became an identity of the whole of Manggaraian. The art was begun as the ritual of farmer’s land fertility. In its developing, the aesthetic has gone under the multifunction in it show time. The art is not only performing for the shake of the local people culture, but also perform for the political interest as well as the catholic church in Mangggarai.  This research used ethnographic method, data collected through the observation, interview, documentation, and triangulation. The research was done in Manggaraian ethnic of Flores. Every Caci performance has its own unique ideology. The ideology goes behind the cultural Caci performance is the ideology of fertility. The ideology goes behind the government interest of Caci performance is capitalism economy and political power.  The church ideology is inclusivism through the inculturation languages. Keywords: dynamic, multifunction, caci, ideology, culture identity

Strategic interaction: The PRL Government, Solidarity, the Church, and the problem of political prisoners

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-225
Author(s):  
Andrzej Friszke
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Political Prisoners ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

This study of the struggle between the government of the Polish People’s Republic and Solidarity in the years 1981-1984 discerns three key actors in Polish politics: the Communist party leadership and security apparatus, the arrested leaders of Solidarity, and the bishops and advisers of the Catholic Church. The PRL government made strategic decisions in this period regarding repression and liberalization. Following initial advanced preparation for the trial of eleven arrested leaders of Solidarity and KSS KOR, the government attempted to coerce the arrestees into leaving Poland, thus weakening the movement’s legitimacy. The article demonstrates how the interaction between the leaders of the two sides – mediated by bishops and advisers – produced a new dynamic and a shift in the existing political mechanism. What was once a mass movement transformed into a more regular, staffed organization with a greater role played by leaders, who symbolized the continuity of the movement and enabled Solidarity to weather the period of repression. The article shows the changes and tensions in the Solidarity movement, along with the changes that were occurring in parallel on the side of the government and the mediating third actor, i.e., the Catholic Church. This case study of the strategic clash that occurred at the beginning of the 1980s illustrates the transformations that took place within the government and Solidarity – transformations that would prove crucial to the transition process in 1988-1989.

Separating Church and State in Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-84
Author(s):  
Michael W. Homer
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civil Marriage ◽  
Public Announcement ◽  
Pius Ix ◽  
Pope Pius Ix ◽  
Official Status ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

In 1852 King Victor Emmanuel’s ministers proposed legislation to recognize civil marriages in the Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont). This proposal was opposed by Pope Pius IX and other Catholic apologists who argued that it would result in undermining the official status of the Catholic Church and one of the church’s sacraments. Even worse it would mean that Jewish and Protestant marriages would be recognized. This legislation coincided with Mormon missionaries proselytizing in Torino and the public announcement that the church practiced polygamy. Catholic opponents of this legislation argued that even Mormon polygamous marriages would be recognized if the legislation passed. During fierce debates that took place Catholic apologists also claimed that Mormons formed alliances with other Protestant “sects” to push through the civil marriage litigation. The specter of Mormon plural marriages in a civil marriage system continued to be mentioned until civil marriages were finally recognized in 1865.

Communist Authorities and Missionary Activities in Poland, 1945-1990s

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-310
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Rozanski
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Missionary Movement ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractMissionary activities were very strong in Poland before the Second World War. The establishment of a Communist regime after 1945 led to a break in the number of missionaries sent worldwide and, soon after, to a liquidation of all missionary institutions in the country. Because the Catholic Church was very strong, the state did not dare to launch an immediate and frontal attack on the church until 1947. From 1948 however, a full-blown campaign against the church began with nationalization, imprisonments and prohibitions, notably of mission activities. After 15 years, however, some forms of compromise between church and state began to appear. This allowed the Church to rebuild its missionary movement – as of 1965. The year 1980 saw the emergence of the Solidarity movement and the begining of the unmaking of Communism. It led to a revitalization of missionary activities and a normalization of church and state relations, particularly after 1989. The present article describes these developments, establishes a chronology and tries a first causal explanation of the decline and subsequent return of missions in Poland. It also looks at the inheritance of the Communist period for the Catholic Church in Poland.

scholarly journals La Iglesia Católica cubana y el Estado en 1959 según la circular Vida Nueva

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Emőke Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Cuban Revolution ◽  
Fidel Castro ◽  
Pastoral Letter ◽  
Cuban Government ◽  
State Relations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

The paper analyzes the relationship between the Cuban government and the Catholic Church after the victory of the Cuban Revolution in 1959. The struggle of Fidel Castro and his fellow rebels against the Batista dictatorship was supported by a significant number of priests and catholic faithfuls. Three days after the victory of the Ejercito Rebelde, a pastoral letter with the title of Vida Nueva (New Life) was issued by Mons. Enrique Pérez Serantes, the primate of Cuba. This letter is a main source for the interpretation of the Church and State relations at the beginning of the political changes. The analysis of the letter helps to understand the attitude of the Catholic Church toward the new political system and it’s leader, Fidel Castro. After the victory of the revolution, despite the earlier promises, the new Cuban State vigorously opposed the Catholic Church. The new goverment began to weaken its institutional system, and aspired to the elimination of these institutions in some fields.

Church Organization in Brandenburg–Prussia from the Reformation to 1740

1938 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-290
Author(s):  
Reinhold A. Dorwart
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Local Church ◽  
Church Organization ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

For obvious reasons, a study of the organization of the Church in Brandenburg-Prussia must begin with the formal acceptance of the Reformation in those territories. The Reformation was not accepted officially in Brandenburg until after the death of Joachim I in 1535. His son and heir, Margrave and Elector Joachim II joined the Protestant ranks in 1539. Prior to this time the Church in Brandenburg had been an integral part of the Catholic Church of Rome; and local church organization and the supervision thereof had been in the hands of the episcopal consistory. This latter body attended to all the business of reviewing and supervising the administration of its diocese, of issuing the reports of the bishop or administrator, of appointment of apostolic visitors, and of the government, temporal administration, and discipline of seminaries.

Activity of the Communist Government Appointed in the Greek-Catholic Episcopal Office in Prešov

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Peter Borza
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
Communist Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Activity of the Communist Government Appointed in the Greek-Catholic Episcopal Office in Prešov The paper deals with the activities of the government appointee in the Greek Catholic Episcopal office in Presov before the violent destruction of the Greek Catholic Church in 1950. The government appointee was used by the communists in the Episcopal office to limit the freedom of the hierarchy of the Catholic Church in Slovakia. This was an unprecedented intrusion into the jurisdiction of bishops, which contravened the church, but also democratic principles. Government appointees were part of the planned fight against the Church, which was at that time, the last real force, capable of contradicting the emerging totalitarian regime.

The Catholic Church Vis-à-Vis Liberal Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 357-363
Author(s):  
Roger Cardinal Etchegaray ◽  
Translated by Mei Lin Chang
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Liberal Society ◽  
Essential Point ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Cardinal Etchegaray argues here that the dialogue between church and state, with both parties rooted in sometimes conflicting absolute claims and values, has become more recently a wider-ranging dialogue between the church and a pluralist, relativist liberal society. The very definition of “liberal society” is open to argument, and the church may find elements to commend or oppose in any given definition. Since the nineteenth century the church has often found itself in opposition to various ideas of “liberty,” especially those that represent an idolatry of absolute rights that push aside Christian spiritual and moral concerns. Now that liberalism has become the pervasive model for society, the church finds it may more easily express its critique, with the aim of making society more conducive to allowing people to become fully human. Indeed, the church provides a necessary check on the excesses of liberal society, particularly those of capitalism and democratic populism. Its essential point is the transcendent dimension of the human person—our connection with the divine. The pursuit of economic and political ends needs to be governed by a concern for the ethical, itself founded on the divine. Liberal society will only live up to its own highest aspirations through promoting self-mastery and an awareness that humanity’s freedom is ultimately found only in God.

THE CATHOLIC CHURCH TESTED FOR CONFESSIONALISM: THE VATICAN II DOCTRINAL PRINCIPLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-171
Author(s):  
Matteo Visioli
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Vatican Ii ◽  
Church And State ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Liberty ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
Concept Of Truth ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractIn Catholic doctrine, church and state are two different and autonomous institutional subjects, but they are mutually linked. Therefore, a believer, as a citizen, is a subject simultaneously of two legal systems; the state is bound to recognize the confessional dimension of its own members, and the church is called to realize its proper ends within a precise political-social context. The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) constitutes for the Catholic Church a point of change and renewal. It did not limit itself to affirming the coexistence of the two systems in their independence, but it declared the necessity of a mutual alliance for the good of citizens and believers.Therefore, the church offers its own contribution to the state, favoring in this way the right to religious liberty; and the state allows the church to establish itself and carry out its proper mission in an institutional form, guaranteeing the protection of the rights of citizens as believers for the free expression of their faith, whether in a private dimension or in an organized form. Vatican II abandons, therefore, the concept of “state religion” in the classic sense of the term, and thus the privilege reserved to one among numerous religious expressions, and opens an authentic collaboration between parties as a prerequisite for the good not only for individual believers and religious organizations, but also for society itself. In particular, religious liberty finds its foundation no longer in the concept of truth (that legitimized the exclusion of other confessions in that they were “not true”), but in the concept of the dignity of the person, which must be protected as such.

scholarly journals Notas sobre a liderança de Dom Sebastião Leme no Brasil

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Francisco Antonio de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Este arigo apresenta o papel de Dom Sebastião Leme, de 1916 a 1942, na reaproximação entre Igreja e Estado, no Brasil. Para uma melhor compreensão do problema, parte-se de um levantamento histórico de como esta relação ocorreu no país, desde a chegada dos portugueses, em 1500, até a Constituição de 1891, que confirmou a separação entre Igreja e Estado com o advento da Proclamação da República. Na sequência, reflete-se sobre a Pastoral de 1916, documento em que Dom Leme, recém nomeado Arcebispo de Olinda, desponta como líder católico capaz de lutar em prol dos interesses da Igreja. Finalmente, mostra-se o papel de Dom Leme, de 1916 a 1942, fundamental para reaproximar a Igreja católica e o Estado Brasileiro. This paper presents the role of Dom Sebastião Leme, 1916-1942, in the rapprochement between Church and State, in Brazil. For a better understanding of the problem, it starts with a historical survey of how this relationship happened in the country since the arrival of the Portuguese in 1500 until the Constitution of 1891 which confirmed the separation of Church and State with the advent of the Republic. It also reflects on the Pastoral of 1916, a document in which Dom Leme, newly appointed Archbishop of Olinda, emerges as Catholic leader fighting for the interests of the Church. Finally, it shows the role carried out by Dom Leme, from 1916 to 1942, which was fundamental to reunite the Catholic Church and the Brazilian State. 

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