scholarly journals Peculiarities of the perception process in patients with cognitive impairments in depressive disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Serhii Yaroslavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Negative Stimulus ◽  
Neutral Stimulus ◽  
Positive Stimulus ◽  
Perception Process ◽  
Depressive Reaction

362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 patients with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). A set of research methods was used: clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic (Munsterberg test) and statistical. The features of the perception process were established for various types of depressive disorders: in patients with RDD, there was a predominance of average, increased and decreased selectivity of attention to neutral stimulus (30.89 %, 21.95 % and 21.95 %, respectively), high selectivity of attention to negative stimulus (33.33 %) and decreased and low selectivity of attention to positive stimulus (54.47 % and 20.33 %, respectively); in patients with BAD, a predominance of average and reduced selectivity of attention to neutral stimulus (45.39 % and 36.17 %, respectively) and average selectivity of attention to negative and positive stimulus (38.30 % and 38.30 %, respectively) were recorded; in patients with PDR, the prevalence of average and reduced selectivity of attention to neutral stimulus (42.86 % and 34.69 %, respectively), increased and decreased selectivity of attention to negative stimulus (29.59 % and 16.33 %, respectively), increased selectivity of attention to positive stimulus (43.88 %). Key words: patients with cognitive impairment, depressive disorders, perception process, recurrent depressive disorder, bipolar depressive disorder, prolonged depressive reaction

CHARACTERISTICS OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
S. A. Yaroslavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Linguistic Functions ◽  
Depressive Reaction

362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 people with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). It was found that cognitive dysfunctions were less pronounced in patients with PDR, than in patients with RDD and BAR (p<0,035). Cognitive dysfunctions in depressive disorders was underlined by the presence of disorders in the mental sphere, in the sphere of attention, executive, visual-spatial and linguistic functions. The differential features of cognitive impairment in patients with RDD, BAR and PDR are highlighted and it should be taken during conducting differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment in depressive disorders. Keywords: patients with cognitive impairment, depressive disorders, cognitive dysfunctions, recurrent depressive disorder, bipolar depressive disorder, prolonged depressive reaction.

scholarly journals Emotional sphere disorders in patients with cognitive impairments in depressive disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Serhii Yaroslavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Emotional Lability ◽  
Low Mood ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Depressive Reaction

362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 patients with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). A set of research methods was used: clinical-psychopathological and statistical. As a result of the study, the clinical and psychopathological features of affective disorders in different types of depressive disorders were identified: a predominance of apathy, emotional lability, hypothymia, anxiety, feelings of dissatisfaction, despair and anhedonia were identified in patients with RDD; a low mood, apathy, emotional coldness, hypothymia, ambivalence of emotions, dysphoria, dissatisfaction, feelings of sadness and annoyance were identified in patients with BAD; a feelings of despair, anxiety, dissatisfaction, hypothymia, fear, sadness, feelings of horror and fear, emotional lability, feelings of anger, hostility and shame and sensitivity were dominated in patients with PDR.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the attention process at depressive disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Serhii Yaroslavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Attention Process ◽  
Depressive Reaction

362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder, 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder and 98 people with prolonged depressive reaction. Peculiarities of the process of attention of patients with depressive disorders were the presence of a decrease in concentration, stability and switching of attention, decrease in work efficiency and working capacity. The peculiarities of the functioning of attention indicators were determined for various types of depressive disorders, which can use as diagnostic criteria in the differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment in depressive disorders. Key words: cognitive impairment, depressive disorders, persistence, concentration and switching of attention, recurrent depressive disorder, bipolar depressive disorder, prolonged depressive reaction

scholarly journals SYNDROMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DEPRESSIVE MANIFESTATIONS AMONG PATIENTS COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Galyna Kalenska ◽  
Sergey Yatoslavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Reaction

362 patients with cognitive impairment at depressive disorders were examined, of them 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 patients with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). Differentiated clinical and psychopathological features of patients with cognitive impairment at depressive disorders were established: 1) combination of apathetic-adynamic, astheno-energetic and anxious symptom complexes;  predominance of moderate and major depressive episodes;  severity of apathy, subjective and objective signs of depression,  decrease in concentration and ability to feel were determined in patients with RDD; 2) combination of astheno-energetic, apathetic-adynamic, and melancholic symptom complexes;  predominance of moderate and major depressive episodes; the severity of apathy, subjective signs of depression, suicidal thoughts, insomnia and  decrease in concentration  in patients with BAD; 3) combination of anxious and apathetic-adynamic symptom complexes; the predominance of moderate and minor depressive episodes; the severity of internal stress, apathy, suicidal thoughts and loss of appetite  in patients with PDR.

scholarly journals Predictors of suicidal behavior in patients with cognitive impairments in depressive disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4 (96)) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
N. Maruta ◽  
S. Yaroslavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Autonomic Disorders

The aim of the study was to determine predictors of suicide risk in patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders.Material and methods. 362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder, 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder and 98 patients with prolonged depressive reaction. A set of research methods was used to study the factors of suicidal behavior in patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders: clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic (questionnaire "Self-assessment of the severity of autoaggressive predictors") and mathematical-statistical. Results of the research. Predictors of suicide risk in patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were identified. The moderate level of autoaggression and aggression, low level of impulsivity, high and severe narrowing of cognitive functions, severe narrowing of interpersonal relationships, severity of affective disorders, moderate and severe autonomic disorders were identified in patients with recurrent depressive disorder. Pronounced and moderate level of autoaggression, aggression and impulsivity, high and pronounced level of narrowing of cognitive functions, pronounced narrowing of interpersonal relationships, severity of affective disorders, moderate and severe level of autonomic disorders were identified in patients with bipolar affective disorder. Moderate levels of autoaggression and narrowing of cognitive functions, low levels of aggression, severe impulsivity, affective disorders and narrowing of interpersonal relationships, and high levels of autonomic disorders were identified in patients with prolonged depressive reaction.Conclusions. As a result of the study, the features of suicidal behavior in patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were identified. It can act as diagnostic criteria and predictors of suicidal behavior in differential diagnostics and could take into account when creating psychocorrectional programs aimed at reducing suicidal risk in patients with cognitive dysfunctions in depressive disorders.

scholarly journals Analysis of family anxiety in women with depressive disorders of different genesis and macrosocial, mesosocial and microsocial maladaptation of different expression

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
R.I. Isakov
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychosocial Rehabilitation ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Rehabilitation Measures ◽  
Depressive Reaction

252 women with depressive disorders were examined: 94 people were with psychogenic (prolonged depressive reaction caused by adjustment disorder), 83 women were with endogenous (depressive episode; recurrent depressive disorder; bipolar disorder, current episode of depression) and 75 patients were with organic depression (organic affective disorders). 48 women had no signs of psychosocial maladaptation, the remaining 204 had manifestations of macrosocial, mesosocial and microsocial maladaptation of varying severity. The features of family anxiety in women with depression of various origins and different severity of macrosocial, mesosocial and microsocial maladaptation were investigated in order to determine the target targets of differentiated psychosocial rehabilitation of patients in this contingent. Clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic methods were used. There was revealed a general tendency towards an increase in the indicators of family guilt, family anxiety and family tension as the degree of macrosocial, mesosocial and microsocial maladaptation increased. At the same time, the greatest differences in indicators were observed between the groups with moderate and severe maladaptation, and the smallest differences were observed between the groups without signs of disadaptation and with signs of mild maladaptation. The data obtained should be taken into account when developing treatment and rehabilitation measures for patients of this contingent.

scholarly journals The structure of “internal conflict” and “internal vacuum” as a result of dissociation between the choice of values and their availability in women with depression of different origin and different severity of macro-, meso- and micro-maladjustment

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
R.I. Isakov
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Dissociation Rate ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Active Life ◽  
Happy Family ◽  
Adaptation Disorder

Annotation. The aim is to study the features of the structure of “internal conflict” and “internal vacuum” as a result of the dissociation between the choice of vital values and their availability in women with depression of different genesis and different severity of macro-, meso- and microsocial maladaptation, further targeted targets of personalized treatment and rehabilitation. The study included 94 individuals with a depressive disorder of psychogenic origin (prolonged depressive response due to an adaptation disorder), 83 women with endogenous depression (depressive episode; recurrently depressive disorder; bipolar affective disorder, current episode of depression), and 75 depressed of depression (organic affective disorders). The study was conducted using clinical psychopathological and psychodiagnostic methods. 48 women had no signs of psychosocial maladaptation, while the other 204 showed manifestations of macro-, meso-, and microsocial maladaptation of different severity. The study was conducted using clinical psychopathological and psychodiagnostic methods. The technique of studying the value orientations in the modification of O.B. Fantalova was used. The fountain. Statistical and mathematical analysis included the formation of descriptive statistics and the analysis of differences using nonparametric methods. The study revealed important patterns of transformation of the value-motivational sphere of women suffering from depressive disorders, depending on the severity of macro-, meso- and micro-social maladaptation, namely, an increase in the absolute dissociation rate as the signs of maladaptation increase in all spheres, spheres of health, active life, materially secured life, freedom as independence in actions and actions and creativity. The greatest dissociation by type of internal conflict (valuable but inaccessible) was found in the spheres of health, happy family life and material life. The greatest dissociation by type of internal vacuum (accessible but not valuable) is found in the fields of beauty of nature and art, cognition and creativity. The data obtained should be taken into account when developing treatment and rehabilitation measures for a given contingent of patients.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Executive Functions in Patients With Cognitive Impairments in the Presence of Depressive Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (31) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
S. Yaroslavtsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Visual Motor Coordination ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Introduction. The urgency of the problem of affective pathology and, above all, depression, due to a number of factors: the growing prevalence of depression, reaching 10.0 % in the population, the high risk of chronic such conditions, their maladaptive impact on social functioning, efficiency and quality of life, the burden of economic costs etc. According to epidemiological indicators in Ukraine over the past 10 years, the incidence of affective disorders has increased by 6.13 %, and the prevalence – by 13.16 %. Impaired thinking and executive functions, decreased concentration and difficulty making decisions are key diagnostic signs of depression. Cognitive impairment (CI) has a cumulative effect on the functionality of patients with depression and is associated with a longer duration of depressive episodes, which indicates the need for its diagnosis and treatment. At the present stage, there are no systematic ideas about the specifics of disorders of executive functions in the presence of different types of depressive disorders (DD), which determines the relevance of the study in this direction. The aim of the study. Describe the executive functions in patients with CI in the presence of DD. Materials and methods. The study included 362 patients with CI in the presence of DD, which were stratified into three groups of comparisons by the mechanism of DD: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorders (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 people with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). The predominant numbers (38.12 %) of patients with CI in the presence of DD were in adulthood (30-44 years). There were more young people (18-29 years) among patients with PDR (21.43 %, DC = 8.19) and among patients with BAD (31.21 %, DC = 9.82), and middle-aged people (45-59 years) (37.40 %, DC = 1.54) and the elderly (60-74 years) (17.07 %, DC = 4.78) – among patients with RDD. A set of research methods was used: clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic and statistical. Results. Peculiarities of executive functions in patients with CI in the presence of DD were established: the moderate and severe disorders of visual-motor coordination (39.84 % and 19.51 %, respectively) and impaired visual-spatial functions (13.72 %), moderate and severe violations of executive functions (54.47 % and 13.01 %, respectively), moderate, severe and weak violations of the executive function of the lexical system (39.84 %, 32.52 % and 23.58 %, respectively) were present in patients with RDD; the moderate violations of verbal performance (58.54 %); moderate and severe violations of visual-motor coordination (41.13 % and 26.24 %, respectively), executive functions (65.96 % и 21.38 %, respectively), executive functions of the lexical system (47.52 % и 39,01 %, respectively) and verbal productivity (58.16 % and 21.28 % respectively) were found in BAD; absence and weak impairments of visual-motor coordination (45.92 % and 36.73 %, respectively), executive functions (23.47 % and 66.33 %, respectively), executive functions of the lexical system (31.63 % and 45.92 %, respectively) and verbal productivity (26.53 % and 58.16 %, respectively) were presented in patients with PDR. Conclusions. The study revealed the features of executive functions in patients with cognitive impairment in the presence of depressive disorders, which should be taken into account in the algorithm of their psychosocial rehabilitation.

Aff_Faces

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz G Gawryszewski ◽  
Mikael Cavallet
Keyword(s):  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Negative Stimulus ◽  
Positive Stimulus ◽  
Spatial Compatibility ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Task Set ◽  
Affective Stimuli ◽  
Fearful Faces ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Reactions

Conde et al (2011) reported a modulation of the spatial compatibility effect by the affective valence of soccer team figures. For Favorite team, it was faster to respond by pressing the key located on the stimulus side than the opposite key (ipsi- and contralateral keys, respectively). For Rival team, this pattern was reversed. These findings were interpreted as being due to approach and avoidance reactions which facilitate both the ipsilateral response to a positive stimulus and the contralateral response to a negative one and vice-versa. This hypothesis was challenged by arguing that there is no spatial compatibility effect when a mixed-rule task was used and that approach/avoidance reactions are not elicited when a keyboard was employed to execute the responses. Alternatively, it was proposed that Conde et al. (2011) results were due to task-set effects. Here, emotional faces (Happy, Angry and Fearful) faces were used to test the generality of effects elicited by affective stimuli and to disentangle task-set and approach/avoidance reactions hypotheses. We found that there is no task-set effect when the Happiness-Anger pair was used. Moreover, for the Happiness/Fear pair, there was an interaction between valence and spatial compatibility within a block of trials. These results suggest that: (i) the interaction between valence and spatial compatibility in the Affective SC task modulates the spatial compatibility effect; (ii) this modulation elicits a task-set effect that varies according to the pair of affective stimuli and (iv) the task-set effect may be due to an automatic orientation of the visual attention to the positive stimulus which facilitates the ipsilateral response conjoined with an inhibition of the ipsilateral response to the aversive stimulus, simulating a reversed compatibility effect to the negative stimulus.

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