IMMUNE STATUS OF EPSTEIN - BARR VIRUS-INFECTED CHILDREN WITH SECRETORY MIDDLE OTITIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Alina Volodymyrivna Chumakova ◽  
Yuliia Viktorivna Lozova
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Epstein Barr

Recently the role of herpes viruses in an aggravation of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, in particular, herpes simplex virus and Epstein − Barr virus, has become increasingly evident in otorhynolaryngology practice. To determine the extent of infection with Epstein − Barr virus and to study the immunogram of the first level for the children with secretory otitis media, 48 patients aged 3−9 years were examined for the purpose of an adequate treatment. Infection was revealed by serological diagnosis (enzyme immunoassay) with the determination of IgM to capsid complex (VCA) and IgG to early antigen (EA). Level 1 immunograms were also determined by immune enzyme analysis. Children with secretive middle otitis (22.9 %) were infected with Epstein − Barr virus, corresponding to an acute phase of the disease, as well as they had a reduce cell immunity. All children received comprehensive treatment for secretory middle otitis. It was concluded about the need for children with middle otitis to be screened for an infection with the Epstein−Barr virus and treated conservatively by an immunologist. Key words: secretory middle otitis media, etiology of Epstein − Barr virus, immune status of children, treatment.

scholarly journals Epstein-Barr Virus Isolates Retain Their Capacity To Evade T Cell Immunity through BNLF2a despite Extensive Sequence Variation

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 572-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Horst ◽  
S. R. Burrows ◽  
D. Gatherer ◽  
B. van Wilgenburg ◽  
M. J. Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Extensive Sequence ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Virus Isolates

Reconstitution of the Epstein-Barr virus–specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response following T-cell–depleted myeloablative and nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 839-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparno Chakrabarti ◽  
Donald W. Milligan ◽  
Deenan Pillay ◽  
Stephen Mackinnon ◽  
Kathleen Holder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Epstein Barr

AbstractThe recovery of circulating antigen-specific T-cell immunity to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was determined in ELIspot assays following allogeneic myeloablative or nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation (MST/NST). In 8 of 12 MST patients receiving an alemtuzumab-treated graft, the frequency of the EBV-specific reactivities was similar to or greater than that seen in the healthy controls. A response was detectable in 3 of 6 and 6 of 9 patients by 3 and 6 months, respectively, and in all patients by one year following MST. In contrast, only 1 of 9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0-2.8) patients made a detectable EBV-specific response by 6 months following NST conditioned with fludarabine, melphalan, and alemtuzumab. Responses were detected in 7 of 10 patients by 1 year after NST. Parallel surveillance demonstrated that other virus infections occurred more frequently and earlier after transplantation in NST patients. The use of alemtuzumab in vivo in the nonmyeloablative conditioning might have resulted in the delay in EBV-specific T-cell recovery and increased virus infections.

Recombinant interferons in comprehensive therapy for new coronavirus infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
E.V. Melekhina ◽  
◽  
S.V. Nikolaeva ◽  
A.S. Ilyinskaya ◽  
Zh.B. Ponezheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Treatment ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Recombinant Interferon ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Comprehensive Therapy ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr

The second decade of the 21st century has brought us a new coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV-2, which affects not only animals (livestock, companion animals, birds), but also people, causing severe disease in them (COVID-19) with various clinical variants: from upper respiratory tract lesions to sepsis and thromboembolism. Coronaviruses are known to suppress the production of IFN-I. Therefore, administration of IFN-I is a promising strategy for early treatment and prevention of COVID-19. In the Russian Federation, treatment of COVID-19 in children is performed in accordance with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Russia and depends on the clinical form of the disease. Mild and moderate forms of the disease, observed in the majority of children, are treated according to the protocols for managing ARVI, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia in children. However, the fact that non-severe COVID-19 shares clinical manifestations with other infections caused by respiratory viruses and herpesviruses (including cytomegalovirus, HHV6A/B, and Epstein-Barr virus), as well as recently increased proportion of mixed viral infections necessitate (until the etiological diagnosis is confirmed) the administration of drugs recommended for the treatment of seasonal ARVI (including intranasal forms of IFN-α, etc.). Such therapeutic tactics often ensures faster improvement and symptom elimination. We report a case of mixed respiratory infection caused by two viruses (SARS-CoV-2 and Epstein–Barr virus) in a child. Early treatment with recombinant interferon-α2b with taurine resulted in fever alleviation and normalization of child’s condition by the moment of transfer to a specialized department. Key words: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, children, treatment, interferon.

A comparison of epstein-barr virus-specific T-cell immunity in malaria-endemic and -nonendemic regions of Papua New Guinea

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Moss ◽  
S. R. Burrows ◽  
D. J. Castelino ◽  
R. G. Kane ◽  
J. H. Pope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Epstein Barr

scholarly journals Epstein?Barr virus T-cell immunity despite rituximab

2007 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela K. Nehring ◽  
Ujjwal Dua ◽  
Peter Mollee ◽  
Devinder Gill ◽  
Karen Grimmett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Epstein Barr

scholarly journals EBV-Driven Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Spectrum of Entities with a Common Denominator (Part 2)

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4527
Author(s):  
Magda Zanelli ◽  
Francesca Sanguedolce ◽  
Andrea Palicelli ◽  
Maurizio Zizzo ◽  
Giovanni Martino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Primary Effusion Lymphoma ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Epstein Barr

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a common pathogen infecting people primarily early in life. The virus has the ability to persist throughout a person’s life, usually in B lymphocytes. Conditions of immunodeficiency as well as the introduction of immunosuppressive therapies and the advent of transplant technologies has brought immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders into view, which are often driven by EBV. The group of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders includes different entities, with distinct biological features, ranging from indolent disorders, which may even spontaneously regress, to aggressive lymphomas requiring prompt and adequate treatment. These disorders are often diagnostically challenging due to their overlapping morphology and immunophenotype. Both nodal and extra-nodal sites, including the gastrointestinal tract, may be involved. This review, divided in three parts, summarizes the clinical, pathological, molecular features and treatment strategies of EBV-related lymphoproliferative disorders occurring in the gastrointestinal tract and critically analyzes the major issues in the differential diagnosis. In this part of the review, we discuss plasmablastic lymphoma, extra-cavitary primary effusion lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma.

scholarly journals Sustained Clinical Improvement in a Subset of Patients With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Epstein–Barr Virus-Specific T Cell Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zara A. Ioannides ◽  
Peter A. Csurhes ◽  
Nanette L. Douglas ◽  
Gem Mackenroth ◽  
Andrew Swayne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Sustained Improvement ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Epstein Barr

Background: Increasing evidence indicates a role for Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). EBV-infected autoreactive B cells might accumulate in the central nervous system because of defective cytotoxic CD8+ T cell immunity. We have previously reported results of a phase I clinical trial of autologous EBV-specific T cell therapy in MS 6 months after treatment.Objective: To investigate longer-term outcomes in MS patients who received autologous EBV-specific T cell therapy.Methods: We assessed participants 2 and 3 years after completion of T cell therapy.Results: We collected data from all 10 treated participants at year 2 and from 9 participants at year 3. No serious treatment-related adverse events were observed. Four participants had at least some sustained clinical improvement at year 2, including reduced fatigue in three participants, and reduced Expanded Disability Status Scale score in two participants. Three participants experienced a sustained improvement in at least some symptoms at year 3. More sustained improvement was associated with higher EBV-specific CD8+ T cell reactivity in the administered T cell product.Conclusion: Autologous EBV-specific T cell therapy is well-tolerated, and some degree of clinical improvement can be sustained for up to 3 years after treatment.

scholarly journals Experimental Infection of NOD/SCID Mice Reconstituted with Human CD34+ Cells with Epstein-Barr Virus

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (24) ◽  
pp. 13891-13900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Islas-Ohlmayer ◽  
Angela Padgett-Thomas ◽  
Rana Domiati-Saad ◽  
Michael W. Melkus ◽  
Petra D. Cravens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Scid Mice ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Human Cd34 ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Epstein Barr

ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced lymphoproliferative disease is an important complication in the context of immune deficiency. Impaired T-cell immunity allows the outgrowth of transformed cells with the subsequent production of predominantly B-cell lymphomas. Currently there is no in vivo model that can adequately recapitulate EBV infection and its association with B-cell lymphomas. NOD/SCID mice engrafted with human CD34+ cells and reconstituted mainly with human B lymphocytes may serve as a useful xenograft model to study EBV infection and pathogenesis. We therefore infected reconstituted mice with EBV. High levels of viral DNA were detected in the peripheral blood of all infected mice. All infected mice lost weight and showed decreased activity levels. Infected mice presented large visible tumors in multiple organs, most prominently in the spleen. These tumors stained positive for human CD79a, CD20, CD30, and EBV-encoded RNAs and were light chain restricted. Their characterization is consistent with that of large cell immunoblastic lymphoma. In addition, tumor cells expressed EBNA1, LMP1, and LMP2a mRNAs, which is consistent with a type II latency program. EBV+ lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing human CD45, CD19, CD21, CD23, CD5, and CD30 were readily established from the bone marrow and spleens of infected animals. Finally, we also demonstrate that infection with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged virus can be monitored by the detection of infected EGFP+ cells and EGFP+ tumors. These data demonstrate that NOD/SCID mice that are reconstituted with human CD34+ cells are susceptible to infection by EBV and accurately recapitulate important aspects of EBV pathogenesis.

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