About some directions of creation and operation of first aid fire trucks

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Александр Иванович Пичугин ◽  
Владимир Иванович Старцев ◽  
Дмитрий Генрихович Мичудо ◽  
Николай Владимирович Навценя
Keyword(s):  
First Aid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
The Creation

Рассмотрены основные концептуальные направления создания пожарных автомобилей первой помощи (АПП). Проанализирован проведенный управленческий эксперимент с использованием АПП в рамках обсуждения в 2003 году на совещании-семинаре по теме «О результатах эксперимента по применению новых технологий пожаротушения с целью определения оптимальных решений по их применению». Сформулирован ряд замечаний по конструкции и функциональным возможностям эксплуатации этого типа ПА. Приведен рейтинг потребности АПП с учетом вместимости их цистерны для воды. Представлены данные из литературных источников, отражающие направления их создания и эксплуатации. The main conceptual directions in the creation of first aid fire trucks (APP) are considered. The standards for their creation and testing are presented. The importance of the presence of first aid in the fleet of fire trucks (PA), taking into account adaptation to operating conditions, is shown. The data on conducting a management experiment using the APP are presented as part of a discussion in 2003 at a meeting-seminar on the topic “On the results of an experiment on the use of new fire extinguishing technologies in order to determine optimal solutions for their application”. A number of remarks on the design and functionality of this type PA are made. The need rating in APP is given, taking into account the capacity of their water tank. Data from literature sources reflecting the directions of their creation and operation are presented.

Creation of a structurally unified series of isulating heat and environment resistant suits of autonomous type for firefighters

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Владимир Иванович Логинов ◽  
Евгений Сергеевич Михайлов
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fire Departments ◽  
Dry Cleaning ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Creation ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Different Characteristics

Анализ тушения пожаров на химически опасных объектах показывает, что для обеспечения комплексной надежной защиты человека необходим широкий ассортимент специальной защитной одежды изолирующего типа (СЗО ИТ) для различных условий эксплуатации. Одним из возможных путей его быстрого создания является разработка конструктивно-унифицированных рядов (КУР) таких изделий. Сформирован подход к созданию КУР термоагрессивостойких костюмов (ТАСК) для пожарных, в основе которого лежит блочно-модульный принцип, когда, используя базовое изделие, готовят последующие его модификации с различными характеристиками. Конструктивно-унифицированный подход к созданию модельного ряда ТАСК позволяет поддерживать характеристики изделия на требуемом уровне без серьезных конструктивных изменений, только совершенствуя технологии, материалы, в соответствии с условиями эксплуатации и требованиями заказчиков. Analysis of fire extinguishing at chemically hazardous facilities shows that to provide comprehensive, reliable human protection, a wide range of special protective clothing of the insulating type (SPC IT) is necessary for various operating conditions. One of the possible ways of its creation is the development of structurally unified series (SUS) of such products. There is developed an approach to create a SUS of heat and environment resistant suits (HERS) for firefighters. The creation of a series of products is based on a block-modular principle i.e. on the base of the basic model there are created subsequent modifications with different characteristics. Studies have shown that as an optimal base model for SUS HERS can be HERS produced by AO “PTS”. On the basis of the existing basic model there were carried out researches and design works to develop a wide range of heat and environment resistant suits for various working conditions, which increase the performance efficiency for every suit type. This principle, if necessary, allows to replace some components of personal protective equipment for different tasks. The design-unified approach to the creation of HERS model range allows to keep the product characteristics at the required level without major structural changes, only by improving technologies, materials in accordance with the operating conditions and customer requirements. At the same time, there are eliminated difficulties when operating HERS, included in SUS, in fire departments of various types, in particular, when using, washing, dry cleaning, drying, storage. The organizational and technical system of HERS operation is being improved, including such components as training and the procedure of operation accounting, service life, terms of repair, write-off and replacement of components as well as restoration of protective properties while operating and repair engineering.

scholarly journals Autonomous robotic fire detection and extinguishing system

2021 ◽  
Vol 2107 (1) ◽  
pp. 012060
Author(s):  
Nivennesh A/L Sathiabalan ◽  
Anis Farihin Mohamed Lokimi ◽  
Ong Zi Jin ◽  
Nur Syazwani Mohd Hasrin ◽  
Aini Syuhada Md Zain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Fire Detection ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Robot System ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
High Death Rate ◽  
High Death ◽  
Robot Body

Abstract Firefighting is a dangerous job with a high death rate. Robotics is the new way to protect the environment and human lives. This work proposes an autonomous robot system that can inevitably discover fire using the flame sensor and extinguish it. This project includes Arduino UNO, flame sensor, servo motor, motor driver, relay module, Bluetooth HC-06 module, and water pump. Besides, using the push Bluetooth app at the transmitting end, commands are sent to the receiver to control the robot’s movement. The motors are connected to the microcontroller and used to move the robot and sprinkle water on the fire. A water tank and a water pump are mounted on the robot body and automatically detected by the infrared. An ATMEGA328 series microcontroller controls the flame sensor and the whole operation. A motor driver IC, L298N, is interfaced to the microcontroller through which the controller drives the motors. As a result, the robot can detect fire from a distance. The average length for detecting flame is approximately 5.11cm, and Bluetooth transmission is about 300cm. It has the potential to reduce human error and limitations associated with fire extinguishing tasks.

Fault detection in water pumps based on sound analysis using a deep learning technique

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110393
Author(s):  
Minh T Nguyen ◽  
Jin H Huang
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Sound Analysis ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
The Status ◽  
Water Pumps ◽  
Abnormal Operating Conditions

Machine fault detection is designed to automatically detect faults or damage in machines. When a machine operates, it produces vibrations and sound signals that can be analyzed to provide information about the status of the machine. This study proposed a method to detect the faults in a machine based on sound analysis using a deep learning technique. The sound signals generated by the machine were obtained and analyzed under different operating conditions. These signals were first pre-processed to eliminate noise, and then the features were extracted as mel-spectrograms so that the convolutional neural network could automatically learn the appropriate features required for classification. Experiments were conducted on three different water pumps during suction from and discharge to the water tank under normal and abnormal operating conditions. The high accuracies in fault detections in both known and unknown machines indicated that the proposed model performed very well in the detection of machine faults.

Experimental Study of Steam Pressure Suppression by Condensation in a Water Tank at Sub-Atmospheric Pressure

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahmane Mazed ◽  
Rosa Lo Frano ◽  
Donato Aquaro ◽  
Daniele Del Serra ◽  
Igor Sekachev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Saturation Pressure ◽  
Steam Pressure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Vacuum Vessel ◽  
Steam Condensation ◽  
Suppression System

The Vacuum Vessel Pressure Suppression System (VVPSS), a key safety system of the ITER plant, is designed to protect the Vacuum Vessel (VV) from over pressure occurring in the case of LOCA (Loss Of Coolant Accident) or other pressurizing accidents such as LOVA (Loss Of Vacuum Accident). The steam condensation in the Suppression Tanks (main elements of the VVPSS system), occurs at sub-atmospheric pressure. The steam condensation, at pressures equal or greater than the atmospheric, has been numerically analyzed and experimentally investigated in the past in order to optimize the design of the pressure suppression system of boiling water nuclear reactors. However, very limited experimental data is available concerning the steam condensation in a water tank at sub-atmospheric pressure. In order to analyze the steam condensation in these operating conditions, an experimental study, funded by ITER Organization, is conducted at the Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering (DICI) of University of Pisa. The tests analyze the condensation of saturated or superheated steam at sub-atmospheric pressures (4.2 kPa and slightly above the water vapour saturation pressure), and pool temperature up to 50°C at several heights of water head. The experimental facility, to perform this study, has been set up with a significant scaling factor regarding the full size installation at ITER. In this paper the experimental rig, the conditions of the experiments, and the test matrix are presented. The temperature and pressure measurements with details of the data acquisition system are described. The tests were performed at different patterns of the sparger exit holes (1, 3 and 9) and for three steam mass flow rates per one hole. The results show very high efficiency of condensation for all examined conditions. Finally, a comparison between the condensation regimen at sub-atmospheric and at atmospheric pressure is discussed.

scholarly journals The Economic Assessment of The Solution to the Multi-Criteria Problem for Determining Heavy Vehicles Usage Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
P. Smirnov ◽  
B. Subbotin ◽  
V. Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Usage Efficiency

The article discusses approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the use of heavy vehicles on the example of equipment for the transportation of bulk cargo. The modernization of the existing methods for assessing the effectiveness of its application and the choice of specific operating conditions in the presence of uncertainties and existing restrictions in the environment is pro-posed, a methodological approach to solving this problem based on the classical theory of linear programming is proposed. As a result, within the framework of the indicated practical problem, the range of optimal solutions for the value of the load-carrying capacity utilization factor has been determined. The modernization of the existing methods for assessing vehicles based on determining the efficiency of their operation, thus, can be recommended for use by the engineer-ing and technical personnel of motor transport enterprises.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF FILLERS USING IN THE BEARING STRUCTURES COMPONENTS OF FREIGHT CARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
S. Panchenko ◽  
O. Fomin ◽  
G. Vatulia ◽  
A. Lovska ◽  
S. Deryzemlia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Closed Structure ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Bearing Structure ◽  
Main Operating

To reduce the load on the freight cars frames under operational conditions, it has been suggested that to use fillers in their components. Fillers using is advisable in the most loaded elements of the bearing structure, namely, the spine beam. Therefore, a necessary condition for filler using in the spine beam is the creation of its closed structure. The dynamic load of railcars was carried out, taking into account the proposed provisions. Calculations have shown with filler using, the maximum accelerations acting on the bearing structures of wagons are 4% lower than those accelerations obtained for bearing structures without fillers. The results of determining the main strength indicators of bearing structures of freight cars are presented, taking into account the fillers using in their components. It has been established that the strength of the frames of the considered types of wagons under the main operating conditions is ensured. At the same time, the maximum equivalent stresses in the bearing structures of wagons are 4-9% lower than those in typical frame structures. The conducted research will contribute to the creation of innovative structures of rolling stock and reduce the cost of its maintenance work in operation.

scholarly journals Voice Controlled Fire Fighting Robot

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-267
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Data Input ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
The Status ◽  
Robotic Vehicle ◽  
Petroleum Refineries ◽  
Fire Accidents

Even though there are a lot of advancements in technology, there have been an increased number of devastating losses in the field of fire-fighting. Fire accidents that occur in industries like atomic power plants, petroleum refineries, chemical factories and other large-scale fire industries end in quite serious consequences which can cause injuries or even death of individuals. Therefore, this paper is enhanced to develop an automated fire extinguishing robotic vehicle that saves the lives of firefighters and other persons in those areas. The proposed robotic vehicle is controlled using specified speech commands. The language input is more familiar which makes interaction with the robotic vehicle much easier. The advantages of voice-controlled robots are hands-free and rapid data input operations. The speech recognition process is done in such a way that it recognizes specified commands from the user and the designed robot navigates based on the instructions via the speech commands. The fire can be extinguished using a water tank that is fitted along with the robotic vehicle. Consequently, the site of fire is live monitored using ESP 32 and the status of the fire zone is updated to the user through message.

Medicalization (Physician-Staffing) of Extra-Hospital First Aid

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
Alain Margenet ◽  
Catherine Desfemmes ◽  
Nicolas Dufeu ◽  
Pierre Huguenard
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Public Service ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fire Brigade ◽  
Physician Staffing ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Call Number ◽  
Military Physicians

All requests for medical assistance need to be answered. In France, the public “Service d'Aide Medicale d'Urgence” (SAMU) receives the calls and can send, if necessary, mobile physician-staffed ambulances. SAMU works in coordination with the police, the fire brigade and general practitioners.Response to the request for medical assistance from the public has been solved in different ways, such as agreement on a single call number for certain countries, and whether or not to use a physician-staffed system. In France, the first mobile emergency and resuscitation units (SMUR) were created in 1967. This initiative was taken by anesthesiologists, some surgeons, and military physicians belonging especially to the fire brigade of Paris, and to the seafaring-men of Marseille. The necessity of centralizing coordinating calls and radio controlling the public means of assistance has led to the creation of the Emergency Aid Services or SAMU.

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