Fat Mass Is Associated with Foot Pain in Men: The Geelong Osteoporosis Study

Objective.Foot pain is a common complaint in adults. Evidence suggests that body composition is involved in the development of foot pain. However, whether this is the case in men remains unclear because previous studies mainly examined women. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the relationship between body composition and foot pain in men while accounting for important risk factors.Methods.Among 978 men (median age 60 yrs, range 24–98) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study who participated in a followup study in 2006 to 2011, 796 provided responses to questions on health status and foot pain. Foot pain was determined using the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index, and body composition was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.Results.Of the 796 respondents, 177 (22%) had foot pain. Risk factors for foot pain were age (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.04), self-reported depression (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.30–3.20), decreased mobility (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.05–2.24), and lower education (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.03–2.09). Foot pain was associated with body mass index (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00–1.10), fat mass (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.03–1.05), and fat mass index (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.15), but not fat-free mass (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.98–1.04) or fat-free mass index (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.95–1.15) after appropriate adjustments were made.Conclusion.Fat mass is associated with foot pain in men. These findings complement those in studies that have mainly examined women, and provide further evidence for the relationship between obesity and foot pain.

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The relationship between obesity and foot pain is related to fat mass and fat distribution but not muscle mass: A cross-sectional study

Obesity Research & Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/j.orcp.2011.08.033 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

S.K. Tanamas ◽

A.E. Wluka ◽

P. Berry ◽

H.B. Menz ◽

B.J. Strauss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Mass ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Fat Distribution ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Foot Pain ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

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The Role of Physical Fitness in the Relationship between Nut Consumption and Body Composition in Young Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13062126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 2126

Author(s):

Miriam Garrido-Miguel ◽

Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno ◽

Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez ◽

Isabel Antonia Martínez-Ortega ◽

Luis Enrique Hernández-Castillejo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Body Composition ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Fitness Components ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Differences ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The main objective of this study was to estimate the association between nut consumption and body composition-related measures and to examine whether this relationship is mediated by cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and the muscle strength index (MSI) in young adults. A cross-sectional study involving college students (n = 354) aged 18–30 years from a Spanish public university was conducted. Body composition and fitness components were assessed using standard methods. Nut consumption was evaluated using a Food-Frequency Questionnaire. ANCOVA models were used to assess the mean differences in physical fitness and body composition by nut consumption categories. Hayes’s PROCESS macro was applied for mediation and interaction analyses adjusted for the main confounders. Young adults with high nut consumption (≥5 portions of 30 g/week) showed significantly higher values of physical fitness components and fat-free mass and lower values of adiposity-related measures than their peers in the lowest categories of nut consumption (˂1 portion/week) (p < 0.05). No significant interaction between CRF and nut consumption on body composition was found. In the mediation analysis, CRF and MSI acted as full mediators of the relationship of nut consumption with fat-free mass and waist circumference/height index. Otherwise, CRF and MSI partially mediated the relationship between nut consumption and body mass index and percent of fat mass. Finally, nut consumption, per se, does not appear to have a significant impact on body composition indicators because these associations have been shown to be partially (for BMI and %BF) or entirely (for ratio WC/height and fat-free mass) explained by CRF and MSI.

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Food Consumption Patterns and Body Composition in Children: Moderating Effects of Prop Taster Status

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11092037 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2037 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lee Stoner ◽

Nicholas Castro ◽

Anna Kucharska-Newton ◽

Abbie E. Smith-Ryan ◽

Sally Lark ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Population Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Consumption Patterns ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Body Composition Variable ◽

The Relationship

This cross-sectional study determined whether 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) taster status moderates the relationship between food consumption patterns and body composition in children. Children were recruited (n = 342, 50% female, 8–10 y) from across New Zealand. Using a food frequency questionnaire, these food consumption patterns were derived: Processed Foods, Fruit and Vegetables, and Breakfast Foods. Body composition variables included: body fat (%), fat mass (kg), fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2), body mass index (kg/m2) and waist to height ratio (W:Ht). Following adjustment for confounders, Processed Foods were positively associated with %fat (p = 0.015), fat mass (p = 0.004) and FMI (p = 0.016). Taste test strips determined PROP status. For Breakfast Foods, there were small negative associations with all body composition variables (p ≤ 0.001 to 0.037). The population sample was also stratified by PROP taster status. For the non-tasters, there were small to moderate negative associations between Breakfast Foods and each body composition variable (p = 0.003–0.045) except W:Ht (p = 0.112), and these relationships were stronger for girls compared to boys. For the tasters, there were small to moderate positive associations between Processed Foods with %fat (p = 0.030), fat mass (p ≤ 0.001) and FMI (p = 0.014). In conclusion, sensitivity to bitterness may moderate the relationship between food consumption patterns and body composition in children.

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Influence of Calcium and Vitamin D Intakes on Body Composition in Children and Adolescents

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/1054773818797878 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 243-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

María Correa-Rodríguez ◽

Jacqueline Schmidt-RioValle ◽

Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽

Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista ◽

Emilio González-Jiménez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Body Composition ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Composition Measurements

Identifying nutritional strategies to maintain a healthy body weight and reduce the comorbidities associated with obesity is extremely important. We aimed to investigate whether calcium and vitamin D intakes are associated with body composition measurements in a population of children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1,060 children and adolescents (65.8% females; 34.2% males) aged 9 to 19 years. Fat mass, percentage of fat mass, and fat-free mass were measured using a body composition analyzer (TANITA BC-418MA®). The mean dietary calcium and vitamin intakes were 829.66 ± 328.34 mg/day and 200.78 ± 400.91 IU/day. Linear regression analysis revealed a lack of significant association between daily calcium and vitamin D intakes and body composition measurements, after adjusting the model for age, sex, maturation status, and energy intake. Dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes do not appear to be associated with higher adiposity measurements in children and adolescents.

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Assessment of Body Composition, Fat Mass, Fat-Free Mass and Percent of Body Fat among Rural School Children of Northeastern India

Collegium Antropologicum ◽

10.5671/ca.44.1.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 37-42

Author(s):

Dali Dutta ◽

Sarthak Sengupta

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northeast India ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Mean Differences

Recently recognized important indicators of body composition are fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and percent body fat (PBF). The aim of this cross-sectional study is to determine body composition of the pre-adolescent children by using FM, FFM, and PBF. This study was performed using data from 584 children (281 boys and 303 girls) aged 6–10 years of Ahom descent from upper Assam state, Northeast India. Four anthropometric measurements i.e. height, weight, skinfold at triceps (TSF) and sub-scapular (SSF) were taken to calculate FM, FFM, FMI, FFMI, PBF, PBF for age (PBFZ), body mass index(BMI). Age-specific mean values of FM ranged from 2.12–4.00 kg (boys) and 2.16–4.40 kg (girls) and the agespecific mean values of FFM ranged from 14.45–23.93 kg (boys) and 14.01–23.03 kg (girls). The highest PBF value was observed at the age of 6 years for both groups of the children while the lowest value was observed at the age of 10 years and 9 years for boys and girls respectively. Sex-specific mean differences between sexes were statistically significant in SSF, PBF, FM, and FMI. For future investigations in clinical and epidemiological studies, these results are very important as they can be used to identify the risk of lower or higher adiposity and body composition using PBF, FM, and FFM.

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Age-related Variations in Anthropometry, Body Composition and Nutritional Status among the Adult Kheria Sabar Males of Purulia, West Bengal, India

Collegium Antropologicum ◽

10.5671/ca.44.2.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 73-80

Author(s):

Kaustav Das ◽

Subrata Bagchi ◽

Somosree Pal ◽

Sayak Ganguli ◽

Koel Mukherjee

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Fat Mass ◽

West Bengal ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Adult Males ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Related

Undernutrition and ageing may have a significant effect on body composition. A cross sectional study was conducted to explore the age-related variations among different anthropometric and body composition characteristics amongst the adult Kheria Sabar males of Purulia district of West Bengal. From fifteen villages, 304 apparently healthy adult males aged 18–60 years were selected at random. Subjects were categorized into four age groups and standard anthropometric measurements were used like height (HT), weight (WT), mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) and skinfolds of biceps (BSF), triceps (TSF) and sub-scapular (SSSF) region. Derived variables of body mass index (BMI), per cent body fat (PBF), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were also calculated. Majority of the variables were found to be inversely correlated with age. Positive (HT, WT, MUAC, BMI, FFM and FFMI) and negative (FM and FMI) significant differences were observed across different age groups. It was also observed that the frequency of undernutrition (62.6%) was the highest among the elderly people with 47.6% overall prevalence. This study clearly indicates that among the undernourished individuals, older people were more vulnerable to malnutrition and thus immediate nutritional intervention is required.

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Measures of Bioavailable Serum Testosterone and Estradiol and Their Relationships with Muscle Strength, Bone Density, and Body Composition in Elderly Men*

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.85.9.6825 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 85 (9) ◽

pp. 3276-3282 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Annewieke W. van den Beld ◽

Frank H. de Jong ◽

Diederick E. Grobbee ◽

Huibert A. P. Pols ◽

Steven W. J. Lamberts

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Positive Relation ◽

Elderly Men ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Hip Bmd ◽

Best Parameter

Abstract In the present cross-sectional study of 403 independently living elderly men, we tested the hypothesis that the decreases in bone mass, body composition, and muscle strength with age are related to the fall in circulating endogenous testosterone (T) and estrogen concentrations. We compared various measures of the level of bioactive androgen and estrogen to which tissues are exposed. After exclusion of subjects with severe mobility problems and signs of dementia, 403 healthy men (age, 73–94 yr) were randomly selected from a population-based sample. Total T (TT), free T (FT), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were determined by RIA. Levels of non-SHBG-bound T (non-SHBG-T), FT (calc-FT), the TT/SHBG ratio, non-SHBG-bound E2, and free E2 were calculated. Physical characteristics of aging included muscle strength measured using dynamometry, total body bone mineral density (BMD), hip BMD, and body composition, including lean mass and fat mass, measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. In this population of healthy elderly men, calc-FT, non-SHBG-T, E1, and E2 (total, free, and non-SHBG bound) decreased significantly with age. T (total and non-SHBG-T) was positively related with muscle strength and total body BMD (for non-SHBG-T, respectively, β = 1.93 ± 0.52, P < 0.001 and β = 0.011 ± 0.002, P < 0.001). An inverse association existed between T and fat mass (β = −0.53 ± 0.15, P < 0.001). Non-SHBG-T and calc-FT were more strongly related to muscle strength, BMD, and fat mass than TT and were also significantly related to hip BMD. E1 and E2 were both positively, independently associated with BMD (for E2, β = 0.21 ± 0.08, P < 0.01). Non-SHBG-bound E2 was slightly strongly related to BMD than total E2. The positive relation between T and BMD was independent of E2. E1 and E2 were not related with muscle strength or body composition. In summary, bioavailable T, E1, total E2, and bioavailable E2 all decrease with age in healthy old men. In this cross-sectional study in healthy elderly men, non-SHBG-bound T seems to be the best parameter for serum levels of bioactive T, which seems to play a direct role in the various physiological changes that occur during aging. A positive relation with muscle strength and BMD and a negative relation with fat mass was found. In addition, both serum E1 and E2 seem to play a role in the age-related bone loss in elderly men, although the cross-sectional nature of the study precludes a definitive conclusion. Non-SHBG-bound E2 seems to be the best parameter of serum bioactive E2 in describing its positive relation with BMD.

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Neck circumference and clustered cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents: cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016048 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. e016048 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

José Castro-Piñero ◽

Alvaro Delgado-Alfonso ◽

Luis Gracia-Marco ◽

Sonia Gómez-Martínez ◽

Irene Esteban-Cornejo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Composition ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional

ObjectiveEarly detection of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as obesity, is crucial to prevent adverse long-term effects on individuals’ health. Therefore, the aims were: (1) to explore the robustness of neck circumference (NC) as a predictor of CVD and examine its association with numerous anthropometric and body composition indices and (2) to release sex and age-specific NC cut-off values to classify youths as overweight/obese.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting23 primary schools and 17 secondary schools from Spain.Participants2198 students (1060 girls), grades 1–4 and 7–10.MeasuresPubertal development, anthropometric and body composition indices, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively), cardiorespiratory fitness, blood sampling triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), glucose and inflammatory markers. Homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and cluster of CVD risk factors were calculated.ResultsNC was positively correlated with all anthropometric and body composition indices. NC was negatively associated with maximum oxygen consumption (R2=0.231, p<0.001 for boys; R2=0.018, p<0.001 for girls) and positively associated with SBP, DBP, TC/HDL-c, TG, HOMA, complement factors C-3 and C-4, leptin, adiponectin and clustered CVD risk factor in both sexes (R2from 0.035 to 0.353, p<0.01 for boys; R2from 0.024 to 0.215, p<0.001 for girls). Moreover, NC was positively associated with serum C reactive protein, LDL-c and visfatin only in boys (R2from 0.013 to 0.107, p<0.05).ConclusionNC is a simple, low-cost and practical screening tool of excess of upper body obesity and CVD risk factors in children and adolescents. Paediatricians can easily use it as a screening tool for overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. For this purpose, sex and age-specific thresholds to classify children and adolescents as normal weight or overweight/obese are provided.

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Potential effects on cardiometabolic risk factors and body composition by short message service (SMS)-guided training after recent minor stroke or transient ischaemic attack: post hoc analyses of the STROKEWALK randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054851 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e054851

Author(s):

Birgit Maria Vahlberg ◽

Erik Lundström ◽

Staffan Eriksson ◽

Ulf Holmback ◽

Tommy Cederholm

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Composition ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Text Messaging ◽

Standard Care ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Control Group ◽

Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesTo evaluate effects of mobile phone text-messaging exercise instructions on body composition, cardiometabolic risk markers and self-reported health at 3 months after stroke.DesignRandomised controlled intervention study with per-protocol analyses.SettingUniversity Hospital in Sweden.ParticipantsSeventy-nine patients (mean (SD) age 64 (10) years, 37% female) ≥18 years with good motor function (modified Rankin Scale ≤2) and capable to perform 6 min walking test at hospital discharge were randomised to either intervention (n=40) or control group (n=39). Key exclusion criteria: subarachnoid bleeding, uncontrolled hypertension, severe psychiatric problems or cognitive limitations.InterventionsThe intervention group received beyond standard care, daily mobile phone instructional text messages to perform regular outdoor walking and functional leg exercises. The control group received standard care.Main outcome measuresFat mass and fat-free mass were estimated by bioelectric impedance analysis. Cardiometabolic risk factors like blood lipids, glycated haemoglobin and blood glucose were analysed at baseline and after 3 months.ResultsBoth groups changed favourably in fat-free mass (1.83 kg, 95% CI 0.77 to 2.89; p=0.01, effect size (ES)=0.63 vs 1.22 kg, 95% CI 0.39 to 2.0; p=0.05, ES=0.54) and fat mass (−1.30 kg, 95% CI −2.45 to −0.14; p=0.029, ES=0.41 vs −0.76 kg, 95% CI −1.74 to 0.22; p=0.123, ES=0.28). Also, many cholesterol related biomarkers improved; for example, total cholesterol −0.65 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.10 to −0.2; p=0.06, ES: 0.5 vs −1.1 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.47 to −0.56; p>0.001, ES=0.8. However, there were no between-group differences. At 3 months, 94% and 86%, respectively, reported very good/fairly good health in the text messaging and control groups.ConclusionsNo clear effect of 3 months daily mobile phone delivered training instructions was detected on body composition, cardiovascular biochemical risk factors or self-perceived health. Further research is needed to evaluate secondary prevention efforts in larger populations after recent stroke.Trial registration numberNCT02902367.

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