Effects of Seed Quality on Plant Population and Seed Yield of Double Cropped Soybean in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey

This brief historical review focuses on durum wheat domestication and breeding in the Mediterranean region. Important milestones in durum wheat breeding programs across the countries of the Mediterranean basin before and after the Green Revolution are discussed. Additionally, the main achievements of the classical breeding methodology are presented using a comparison of old and new cultivars. Furthermore, current breeding goals and challenges are analyzed. An overview of classical breeding methods in combination with current molecular techniques and tools for cultivar development is presented. Important issues of seed quality are outlined, focusing on protein and characteristics that affect human health and are connected with the consumption of wheat end-products.

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Yield and qualitative characterisation of seeds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. and Amaranthus cruentus L. grown in central Italy

Italian Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.4081/ija.2017.993 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 63-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Abdel Nasser G. El Gendy ◽

Silvia Tavarini ◽

Giuseppe Conte ◽

Laura Pistelli ◽

Saber F. Hendawy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Oil Content ◽

Central Italy ◽

Growth Cycle ◽

Unsaponifiable Fraction ◽

Amaranthus Cruentus ◽

Amaranthus Hypochondriacus ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Growing Conditions

Amaranth can be considered a very interesting crop for the Mediterranean region, thanks to its inherent tolerance to disadvantageous growing conditions, along with the high nutritional and nutraceutical value of its seeds. The study aims to evaluate the seed yield, and the oil content and quality of two amaranth genotypes (species Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. and Amaranthus cruentus L., respectively) grown in central Italy, testing two types of soil (loamy and sandy soil). The two species showed a good performance in the tested environment, with satisfactory seed yield and relative short growth cycle. Significant differences between the two genotypes were observed in terms of seed yield. The crude oil content ranged from 7.5% to 6.0%, with linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids as the major fatty acids of the oil in both genotypes. The unsaponifiable fraction was rich in sterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol), and interesting levels of squalene were found. This study demonstrated the unique nutraceutical properties of the seeds of two genotypes of A. hypochondriacus and A. cruentus, grown in central Italy environment, as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acid and squalene. These characteristics make amaranth a valuable alternative crop for specialty oil production in the Mediterranean region.

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Effect of Planting Date on Seed Yield, Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) Cultivars Grown in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science ◽

10.1046/j.1439-037x.2003.00053.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 189 (5) ◽

pp. 359-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

B. Samanci ◽

E. Ozkaynak

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Oil Content ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Planting Date ◽

The Mediterranean

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Greenhouse Seed Production of Two Dwarf Green Bean Cultivars in Relation to the Duration of Irrigation

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.2.443 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 443-445

Author(s):

Ebrahim M. Khah ◽

Konstantinos A. Akoumianakis ◽

Harold C. Passam

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Green Bean ◽

Spring Crop ◽

Entire Duration ◽

Good Germination

As good quality irrigation water becomes increasingly scarce in the Mediterranean region, especially in coastal areas where greenhouses are located, methods of economizing water consumption are essential. Therefore, the effect of the duration of irrigation on the quality and yield of seed of two cultivars of dwarf green bean (`Larma' and `Montano', Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was studied during fall and spring in Greece. Seeds were sown on 11 Sept. 2000 (fall crop) and 23 Feb. 2001 (spring crop) in peat compost and when the plants had two expanded leaves (11 and 20 days after sowing, respectively), they were transplanted to the soil of an unheated, plastic-covered greenhouse. The following irrigation treatments were applied: 1) irrigation for the entire duration (control), 2) irrigation until the first pods were dry, 3) irrigation until ≈50% of the pods had filled, and 4) irrigation till flowering. Fall cultivation was not suitable for seed production due to low yield and reduced seed quality. By contrast, the spring crop had a higher yield, seed size and good germination. Stopping irrigation of the spring crop at the drying of the first pods achieved an ≈20% saving in water without significantly affecting seed yield or quality. Earlier discontinuation of irrigation to achieve greater savings of water caused a reduction in yield, but did not affect seed quality.

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Evaluation of two groups of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) accessions with different seed colours for adaptation to the Mediterranean environment

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp18143 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (12) ◽

pp. 1264 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giuditta De Santis ◽

Domenico Ronga ◽

Federica Caradonia ◽

Tiziana D Ambrosio ◽

Jacopo Troisi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Chenopodium Quinoa ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Mediterranean Environment ◽

Seed Colour ◽

Days To Maturity ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Seed Area ◽

Seed Quality Traits

Agronomic and seed-quality traits in 17 quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) accessions grouped according to seed colour (i.e. ochre and yellow) were investigated and compared with the white commercial cultivar Regalona-Baer. These accessions were previously selected from a range of accessions of diverse origin and seed colour for their potential value in a breeding program for cultivars adapted to the southern Italian environment. Field trials were conducted over 2 years in Foggia, southern Italy. The aim was to identify elite genotypes suited to the Mediterranean Basin in terms of high yields and seed quality, by using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis. The genotype and year effects were statistically significant for most parameters investigated, whereas the genotype×year interaction was significant only for seed quality. There were significant differences between the two seed-colour groups for most of the investigated traits, but not for total dry weight, days to flowering, and soluble and insoluble fibre. The major difference between the accessions and cv. Regalona-Baer was lower seed yield for the ochre seed group (30% lower, on average); this was associated with increased plant height (13% higher, on average), greater number of days to maturity (+6 days, on average) and shorter panicle length (21% shorter, on average). These results were observed for both growing seasons. The seed yield of the yellow seed group was similar to Regalona-Baer. Focusing on individual accessions, PCA indicated that accessions Q12, Q18 and Q26 were similar to Regalona-Baer for seed yield, 1000-seed weight, seed area and seed perimeter, and accession Q4 had the highest protein and kaempferol contents for both years. Seed area and perimeter, harvest index, and 1000-seed weight showed positive associations with seed yield, whereas days to flowering, days to maturity and quality traits were negatively correlated with seed yield for both years. Cluster analysis carried out on all of the agronomic and seed-quality traits did not show clear clustering of the accessions based on seed colour alone. The results of this study confirm that both the ochre and yellow quinoa seed groups included elite accessions that can be used directly in future selection programs for the development of high-yielding varieties well adapted to the Mediterranean environment.

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Seed production of Lotus uliginosus cv. Sharnae in response to plant population density

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea98062 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 38 (8) ◽

pp. 837 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. Arango ◽

B. C. Jacobs ◽

M. J. Blumenthal

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Plant Population ◽

Seed Number ◽

Pod Development ◽

Plant Population Density ◽

Pasture Legume

Summary. An experiment was carried out under irrigation in the field to determine the influence of plant population density (7.5, 15, 30 and 60 plants/m2) on growth, development and yield of the pasture legume Lotus uliginosuscv. Sharnae. Reproductive development (flowering, pod set and stages of pod development) was recorded from 79 days after establishment and harvests were taken on 3 occasions during pod development: 118, 138 and 158 days after establishment. At each harvest, plants were divided into leaf, stem and pods. The pods were further separated into maturity classes on the basis of colour, and seed number and weight measured for each class. Harvesting late (i.e. 158 days after establishment) maximised seed yield (113 g/m2) and seed quality (27% immature, green pods). Seed yield per unit area up to 158 days after establishment was relatively insensitive to plant population up to 60 plants/m2 because the response of individual plants of lotus was highly plastic. At 158 days after establishment, dry matter per plant declined from 985 g at 7.5 plants/m2 to 713 g at 60 plants/m2. At the same time, seed number per plant and seed weight per plant were reduced from 27 400 to 3230 seeds and from 15.5 to 1.65 g, respectively, across the range of population densities. Despite the lack of a clear optimum plant population for maximum seed yield, some aspects of seed quality declined at high population density. For example, single seed weight fell by about 10% from 0.563 mg and the proportion of the harvest contributed by seeds from immature pods rose from 18 to 33%, as population density increased from 7.5 and 60 plants/m2. Seed quality and ease of management, rather than yield, may be the most important considerations when seed growers choose a sowing rate for a L. pedunculatus cv. Sharnae seed crop.

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