Zinc sulphate or zinc nanoparticle applications to leaves of green beans

The green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a very widely grown food crop that contributes significantly to human dietary needs in many countries due to its high content of protein. This study evaluates foliar applications of ZnSO4 versus that of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to leaves of the green bean cv. ‘Strike’ and records the plant responses in terms of Zn uptake and concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and bioactive compounds. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in Chihuahua, Mexico, with a completely randomised experimental design with 10 replicates. The two treatments were foliar applications of either an aqueous solution of ZnSO4 or an aqueous suspension of ZnO NPs (both 150 mg · L−1). The application of ZnO NPs significantly increased concentrations of Zn2+ in the leaflets, roots, stems and pods of chlorophylls a and b (values 15.40 μg · g−1 and 11.64 μg · g−1, respectively). Sucrose concentration was also increased by Zn2+ applications, but no differences were found in total phenols (TP), total flavonoids (TFl) or antioxidant capacity (AC). In the pods and seeds, Zn2+ application left sucrose and TFl concentrations unchanged, but the TP increase was significant. The AC was affected by both zinc sources and only in the pods. The applications of ZnSO4 or ZnO NPs significantly increased the biomass accumulation (79.10 g · p−1 and 84.70 g · p−1 DW) and yield (55.64 g · p−1 and 53.80 g · p−1 FW). These results suggest that the application of ZnO NPs could represent a worthwhile biofortification strategy in the commercial production of green bean cv. ‘Strike’.

Effect of Different Mulching Materials on the Growth and Yield of Green Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Nfonta the Western Highlands of Cameroon

Mulching is a common technique used across the world by farmers to especially conserve soil moisture in vegetable production but farmers in Nfonta and the entire western highlands of Cameroon have not practiced the uses of mulching. In this experiment, a randomized complete block designe with 5 treatments and 3 replications was set up to study the effect of elephant grass, saw dust and white plastic as mulching materials on the growth and yield of green bean (Phaseolusvulgaris L.) in Nfonta. Data was collected on plant height; number of leaves per plants, leaf area index and yield of mature pods per plant. Data was analyzed using one way ANOVA from stat graphics centurion xv and means were separation using the Fischer least significant difference (LSD) test at 95% confidence interval. Results showed white plastic, and elephant grass mulches to have significantly (P<0.05) affected the growth and yield of green bean. White plastic mulched plants exhibited the highest growth parameters and subsequently produced the highest yield of 12.00 mature pods per plant with average pod length of 11.97cm and average mature pod weight of 4.22g compared to the other mulch treatments. There were no significant (P>0.05) differences in yield of green bean grown with no mulch (control), saw dust mulch and corn stalk mulch. Corn stalk mulched bean plants produced the lowest yield of 7.83 mature pods per plant with average pod length of 9.17cm and an average mature pod weight of 2.83 which was not much different from that produced by the control. These results call for more investigations to the potentials of white plastic as best mulch material for achieving optimum green beans yield in Nfonta and the entire western highlands of Cameroon.

Pengaruh Pemberian Sari Kacang Hijau dan Tablet Tambah Darah terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Remaja Putri

Introduction: The incidence of anemia in women is 27.2% higher than men, 20.3%, mostly in the age group 15-24 years. The decrease in hemoglobin levels is caused by low intake of iron and other nutrients as well as the menstrual process. The coverage of giving blood tablets in Sigi Regency in 2019 was 81.25%. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving green bean juice and blood-added tablets to increase hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. Methods: Quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest control group design method. The population is young women aged 12 to 16 years with a total of 32 respondents. The research was conducted in the working area of ​​the Kinovaro Health Center. Results: The results of Hb levels in adolescent girls after being given the intervention of mung bean juice and added tablets are 2 g/dl with a p-value of 0.022, which means that there is a significant difference before and after giving green bean juice and blood-added tablets to the increase in hemoglobin levels of adolescent girls. Conclusion: Giving mung bean juice and blood-added tablets had a significant effect on increasing hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. Suggestions are giving green beans and blood-added tablets once a week is very beneficial for young women in overcoming anemia.

Sensor-Based Irrigation Reduces Water Consumption without Compromising Yield and Postharvest Quality of Soilless Green Bean

Real-time monitoring of substrate parameters in the root-zone through dielectric sensors is considered a promising and feasible approach for precision irrigation and fertilization management of greenhouse soilless vegetable crops. This research investigates the effects of timer-based (TIMER) compared with dielectric sensor-based irrigation management with different irrigation set-points [SENSOR_0.35, SENSOR_0.30 and SENSOR_0.25, corresponding to substrate volumetric water contents (VWC) of 0.35, 0.30 and 0.25 m3 m−3, respectively] on water use, crop performance, plant growth and physiology, product quality and post-harvest parameters of soilless green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv Maestrale). In SENSOR treatments, an automatic system managed irrigation in order to maintain substrate moisture constantly close to the specific irrigation set-point. The highest water amount was used in TIMER treatment, with a water saving of roughly 36%, 41% and 47% in SENSOR_0.35, SENSOR_0.30 and SENSOR_0.25, respectively. In TIMER, the leaching rate was ≈31% of the total water consumption, while little leaching (<10%) was observed in SENSOR treatments. TIMER and SENSOR_0.35 resulted in similar plant growth and yield, while irrigation set-points corresponding to lower VWC values (SENSOR_0.30 and SENSOR_0.25) resulted in inadequate water availability conditions and impaired the crop performance. The study confirms that rational sensor-based irrigation allows to save water without compromising anyhow the product quality. In SENSOR irrigation management, in fact, especially in the case of optimal water availability conditions, it was possible to obtain high quality pods, with fully satisfactory characteristics during storage at 7 °C for 15 days.

Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) Behavioral Responses to Chemical Insecticides

The tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois) is the dominant insect pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in the Mid-South Cotton Belt. This is partly due to the fact that this pest has developed resistance to most insecticides used for control. Laboratory experiments were conducted during 2014 and 2015 to study the behavioral response of tarnished plant bug nymphs to several classes of insecticides. Twenty third-instar nymphs were placed in individual dishes divided into four quadrants with five green bean pieces in each quadrant (10 treated and 10 untreated green beans in each dish). Dishes were checked at 1, 4, 8, and 24 h. Tarnished plant bug nymphs appeared to avoid green beans treated with IGR, pyrethroid, organophosphate, or carbamate insecticides, while there appeared to be an attraction to green bean pieces treated with sulfoxamine and pyridine carboxamide insecticides. No relationship was observed with neonicotinoid insecticides within 24 h.

The Effect of Green Bean Flour Proportion (Vigna Radiate L.) on Acceptance, Water Content, and Fiber Content on Purple Sweet (Ipomea Batatas L. Poir) Sponge Cakes

Purple sweet potato is one type of sweet potato that is widely grown in Indonesia. Sweet potatoes are basically rich in carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins, but poor in protein and fat. To enrich the nutritional content, especially the fiber content of sweet potatoes, can be added from beans, one of them is green beans. Observing the high nutritional and fiber content of purple sweet potatoes and green beans, it can be a new innovation and sponge cake products can be made as a high-fiber functional food. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) using 3 treatments which were then tested for organoleptic acceptance, water content, and fiber content testing. The results showed that the proportion of addition of green bean flour (Vigna Radiata L) did not affect the acceptability or receptivity of color, aroma, taste, and texture. The results of the water content test of sponge cake products in the control treatment without the addition of green bean flour (0%) had an average water content of 42.66%, treatment 1 with the proportion of adding green bean flour (15%) had an average water content of 43 ,44%, and in treatment 2 with the addition proportion of green bean flour (30%) has an average moisture content of 36.99%. The results of the calculation of the fiber content of sponge cake products in the control treatment without the addition of green bean flour (0%) had a total of 1.62 grams, treatment 1 with the proportion of addition of green bean flour (15%) had an amount of 2.19 grams, and 2 with the proportion of addition of green bean flour (30%) has a total of 2.76 grams.

SISTIM PERTANIAN TERPADU PETERNAKAN KAMBING DENGAN LIMBAH HASIL PRODUKSI KOPI DI DESA TRIBUDISYUKUR LAMPUNG BARAT

Coffee husk waste has not been used optimally from the by-product of coffee bean processing production (green bean) and there is no integrated farming system between agriculture and animal husbandry. The purpose of the PPPUD service is to utilize coffee skin waste as animal feed, (2) to design healthy goat cages to optimize livestock manure waste. The implementation method is the extension and demonstration method with the stages of initial implementation, implementation of activities, and final implementation. The result of the activity is the transfer of innovation in animal feed processing training by utilizing coffee skin waste and other fiber materials, as well as the concept of a goat drum with a waste disposal site that can be used for processing waste into compost so as to increase income.Limbah kulit kopi belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal dari hasil samping produksi pengolahan biji kopi (green bean) dan belum adanya sistim pertanian terpadu antara pertanian dan peternakan. Tujuan dari pengabdian PPPUD memanfaatkan limbah kulit kopi menjadi pakan ternak, (2) mendesain kandang kambing sehat untuk mengotpimalkan limbah kotoran ternak. Metode pelakasanaan dengan metode penyuluhan dan demontrasi cara dengan tahapan pelaksanaan awal, Pelaksanaan keiatan, dan Pelaksanaan akhir. Hasil deari kegiatan adalah transferinovasi pelatihan pengolahan pakan ternak dengan memanfaatkan limbah kulit kopi dan bahan serat lainnya, serta konsep kendang kambing dengan tempat pembuangan limbah dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengolahan limbah menjadi pupuk kompos sehingga meningkatkan pendapatan.

Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Bawang Merah dan Kecambah dengan Pemberian Pupuk Cair Hayati terhadap Pertumbuhan Seedling Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.)

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L) seeds from seed, or commonly called seedling, have relatively few lateral roots and are poor in root hairs so that their growth is slow (having a long juvenile period of up to 10-15 years). For this reason, it is necessary to make efforts so that mangosteen seedlings can have a good root system through the addition of natural growth regulators. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of red onion extract, a mixture of onion extract and mung bean sprouts combined with biological liquid fertilizer on the growth of mangosteen seedling. This research was carried out in the Horticulture FP greenhouse in March 2020–July 2020. This study was arranged in a factorial (3 x 2) in a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with three replications. The first factor was natural ZPT treatment: without extract, red onion extract 400 g/L, and mixed extract of onion 200 g/L and green bean sprouts 200 g/L. The second factor is the provision of biological fertilizers, namely without biological fertilizers and 15 ml/L). The results showed that the administration of mixed extracts of shallots and mung bean sprouts tended to have better growth which could be seen from the highest average value for the variable plant height 6.04 cm, stem diameter 2.93 mm, and the number of secondary roots. The mixed extract treatment of shallots and mung bean sprouts also increased the widest leaf area by a difference of 3.5 cm² compared to the control. Keywords : extract of shallot/ green bean sprout, growth regulator, mangosteen