Genetic Variation of Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host.) From Iran Using RAPD-PCR and SDS-PAGE of Seed Proteins

In the greenhouse, glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] at 0.6 kg ae/ha applied directly to seeds alone or seeds on the soil surface reduced germination and shoot dry weight of common rye (Secale cerealeL. ♯3SECCE). Paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) applied similarly at 0.6 kg ai/ha reduced germination and shoot dry weight of downy brome (Bromus tectorumL. ♯ BROTE) and wheat (Triticum aestivumL. ‘Daws' ♯ TRZAX). Metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5 (4H)-one] at 0.6 kg ai/ha applied to seeds, soil, or seeds and soil had very little effect on germination, but significantly reduced shoot dry weight of common rye, downy brome, wheat, and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindricaHost. ♯ AEGCY). Pronamide [3,5-dichloro(N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)benzamide] at 0.6 kg ai/ha, and propham (isopropyl carbanilate) at 3.4 kg ai/ha plus extender (p-chlorophenyl-N-methylcarbamate) at 0.4 kg ai/ha substantially reduced shoot height and dry weight of all species, regardless of application method, with pronamide completely inhibiting shoot elongation and dry-weight production in three of the four species.

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Potential for gene transfer between wheat (Triticum aestivum) and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500089475 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 313-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

R. S. Zemetra ◽

J. Hansen ◽

C. A. Mallory-Smith

Keyword(s):

Seed Set ◽

Management Plan ◽

Female Fertility ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

D Genome ◽

Aegilops Cylindrica ◽

Herbicide Resistant ◽

Jointed Goatgrass ◽

Transfer Genes ◽

Parent Female

Jointed goatgrass is a major weed in the wheat-producing areas of the western U.S. It shares the D genome with wheat, and interspecific hybrids between the two species occur in the field. The objective of this research was to determine if wheat X jointed goatgrass hybrids could serve to transfer genes from wheat to jointed goatgrass. A backcrossing program was initiated in the greenhouse between wheat X jointed goatgrass hybrids and either jointed goatgrass or wheat to determine the potential for seed set and the restoration of self-fertility. Seed was set by backcrossing with either species as the recurrent parent. Female fertility increased from 2% in the hybrid to 37% in the BC2 plants with jointed goatgrass as the recurrent parent. Partial self-fertility was restored in the second backcross (BC2) generation using jointed goatgrass as the recurrent parent. This indicates that genes could be transferred between wheat and jointed goatgrass after only two backcrosses. The number of bivalents observed in the plants during meiosis appeared to be key to increasing female fertility and self-fertility. Based on the results of this study, it is possible for genes to move from wheat to jointed goatgrass. Any release of a herbicide-resistant wheat should be accompanied by a management plan that would minimize the potential for gene movement between these species.

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Determining the Pollen Parent of Field-Grown Backcross Progenies of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) × Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) Hybrids Using Genomic In Situ Hybridization (GISH)

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2009.09.0509 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 1474-1479 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. Rehman ◽

J. L. Hansen ◽

C. A. Mallory-Smith ◽

An Hang ◽

C. Burton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

In Situ Hybridization ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽

Pollen Parent ◽

Aegilops Cylindrica ◽

Jointed Goatgrass

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Visualization of A- and B-genome chromosomes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) × jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) backcross progenies

Genome ◽

10.1139/gen-43-6-1038 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 1038-1044 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Z.N. Wang ◽

A. Hang ◽

J. Hansen ◽

C. Burton ◽

C.A. Mallory-Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Aegilops Cylindrica ◽

B Genome ◽

Jointed Goatgrass

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Fertilizer Placement Affects Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) Competition In Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00041889 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 374-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Abdel O. Mesbah ◽

Stephen D. Miller

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Fertilizer Placement ◽

Aegilops Cylindrica ◽

Plant Seeds ◽

Placement Method ◽

Jointed Goatgrass ◽

Injection Methods

A 3-yr study was conducted in eastern Wyoming from 1995 to 1997 to evaluate the effect of fertilizer placement on jointed goatgrass competitiveness with winter wheat. Fertilizer placement methods consisted of applying 45 kg/ha of nitrogen (50% as urea and 50% as ammonium nitrate) in a deep band 5 cm below and 2.5 cm to the side of the wheat row, broadcasting on the soil surface, or injecting fertilizer by spoke wheel 10 cm deep and 5 cm to the side of the wheat row. Neither fertilizer placement nor jointed goatgrass presence affected winter wheat stand. Wheat yield reductions from jointed goatgrass competition were 7 and 10% higher with the broadcast than deep-band or spoke-wheel injection methods, respectively. Wheat spikes/plant, seeds/spike, 200-seed weight, and plant height were not influenced by fertilizer placement; however, the presence of 35 jointed goatgrass plants/m2reduced spikes/plant 21%, seeds/spike 12%, and 200-seed weight 6%. Jointed goatgrass populations were not influenced by fertilizer placement method; however, the number of spikes/plant was reduced 8 and 10%, joints/spike 3%, and biomass 15 and 21% by deep band or spoke wheel fertilizer placement.

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Response of Gas Exchange in Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) to Environmental Conditions

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500072416 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 562-569 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

David R. Gealy

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Dark Respiration ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Soil Matric Potential ◽

Dark Respiration Rate ◽

Matric Potential ◽

Aegilops Cylindrica ◽

Jointed Goatgrass

Gas exchange of jointed goatgrass leaves was affected by temperature, irradiance level, and soil matric potential. Net photosynthesis of leaves under saturating irradiance (PPFD3= 1850 (μE·m–2·s−1) was optimum at about 20 C. At 25 C, net photosynthesis was nearly 90% of maximum at a PPFD of 800 μE·m–2·−1. Transpiration, and presumably water use, increased steadily with temperature from 10 to 40 C. Dark respiration rate and compensation points for light and for CO2increased exponentially, or nearly so, from 10 to 40 C. Soil moisture deficits of −130 kPa reduced net photosynthesis and transpiration by about 30 and 55%, respectively, compared to well-watered plants.

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