POSTURAL STEADINESS AFTER PROLONGED STANDING ON DIFFERENT SLOPED SURFACE IN YOUNG HEALTHY ADULTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Chung Lin ◽  
Liang-Ching Tsai ◽  
Hsin-Yi Kathy Cheng ◽  
Yang-Hua Lin ◽  
Chih-Hsiu Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Prolonged Standing ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Standing Test ◽  
Inclined Surface

Prolonged standing is related to various health problems such as lower back pain and lower extremity discomfort. This study was to investigate the effects of prolonged standing on posture control and whether the sloped surface is beneficial to adults who are required to stand for a long period of time. Twenty young healthy adults (age: [Formula: see text] years, height: [Formula: see text] cm, weight: [Formula: see text] kg, 6 males and 14 females) participated in this study. They were asked to perform a sixty-second quiet-standing evaluation first (i.e. the pre-test condition), then the thirty-minute standing test, and followed by the sixty-second standing test again (i.e. the post-test condition). They stood barefoot quietly on a force plate watching a video on television located 2 m ahead. Three sloped conditions, i.e. the level ground, inclined (with the ankle dorsiflexed), and declined (with the ankle plantarflexed), were randomly examined on separate days. The trajectory, maximal anteroposterior/mediolateral displacement, sway area, and complexity index (CI) of the center of pressure (CoP) during the standing tests were analyzed. Ten-point visual analogue scale (VAS) for perceived fatigue was also recorded. One-way ANOVA and paired t-test were used to analyze postural changes among sloped conditions before and after the prolonged standing. Signs of fatigue (VAS were [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for the level, inclined, and declined conditions, respectively) and significant increases in all CoP measures for the three slope conditions after thirty minutes of standing (all [Formula: see text]) were noted. Trajectory was greatest under inclined, followed by the declined and level conditions ([Formula: see text]). The CI was generally greater under the declined surface than the level and inclined surfaces along with the thirty-minute standing. These findings indicated that prolonged standing resulted in fatigue and increased postural changes, particularly on the inclined surface. A greater complexity on the declined surface implied that participants had better adaptability while standing on a declined surface than a flat or inclined surface. Current findings suggested that a declined surface could be a suitable choice for a prolonged standing and further studies are warranted to evaluate its efficacy on different career workers.

scholarly journals Effect of Plantar Flexor Muscle Fatigue on Postural Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Grey ◽  
Daren Redguard ◽  
Rebecca Wengle ◽  
Peter Wegscheider
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Plantar Flexor ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fatiguing Exercise ◽  
Male University Students

Objective. Previous studies have demonstrated that various factors alter postural stability. Our aim was to examine the effect of plantar flexor fatigue on postural stability in quiet standing. Methods. Fifteen healthy male university students (age, 21.3 ± 1.7y; height, 1.83 ± 0.06m; weight, 81.6 ± 9.4kg) were instructed to stand on a force plate before and after calf fatiguing exercise. The sensory systems were controlled by blindfolding subjects and having them stand on a flat firm surface, without moving their head. Fatigue was achieved through repetitive weighted plantar-flexor exercise. Standing balance was assessed by using a force plate to calculate Center of Pressure (CoP) displacement. Results. Plantar flexor fatigue led to significant (p

scholarly journals The Effects of Active Self-Correction on Postural Control in Girls with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: The Role of an Additional Mental Task

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Piątek ◽  
Michał Kuczyński ◽  
Bożena Ostrowska
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Mental Task

Due to balance deficits that accompany adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), the potential interaction between activities of daily living and active self-correction movements (ASC) on postural control deserves particular attention. Our purpose was to assess the effects of ASC movements with or without a secondary mental task on postural control in twenty-five girls with AIS. It is a quasi-experimental within-subject design with repeated measures ANOVA. They were measured in four 20-s quiet standing trials on a force plate: no task, ASC, Stroop test, and both. Based on the center-of-pressure (COP) recordings, the COP parameters were computed. The ASC alone had no effect on any of the postural sway measures. Stroop test alone decreased COP speed and increased COP entropy. Performing the ASC movements and Stroop test together increased the COP speed and decreased COP entropy as compared to the baseline data. In conclusion, our results indicate that AIS did not interfere with postural control. The effects of the Stroop test accounted for good capacity of subjects with AIS to take advantage of distracting attentional resources from the posture. However, performing both tasks together exhibited some deficits in postural control, which may suggest the need for therapeutic consultation while engaging in more demanding activities.

Reliability of Force-Platform Measures of Postural Sway and Expertise-Related Differences

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Meshkati ◽  
Mehdi Namazizadeh ◽  
Mahyar Salavati ◽  
Masood Mazaheri
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Specific Property ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eyes Open

Context:Although reliability is a population-specific property, few studies have investigated the measurement error associated with force-platform parameters in athletic populations.Objective:To investigate the skill-related differences between athletes and nonathletes in reliability of center-of-pressure (COP) summary measures under eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) conditions.Design:Test–retest reliability study.Setting:COP was recorded during double-leg quiet standing on a Kistler force platform before and after a fatiguing treadmill exercise, with EO and EC.Participants:31 male participants including 15 athletes practiced in karate and 16 nonathletes.Main Outcome Measures:Standard deviation (SD) of amplitude, phase-plane portrait, SD of velocity, mean total velocity, and area were calculated from 30-s COP data. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement, and coefficient of variation (CV) were used as estimates of reliability and precision.Results:Higher ICCs were found for COP measures in the athlete (compared with the nonathlete) group, postfatigued (compared with prefatigued) condition, and EC (compared with EO) tests. CVs smaller than 15% were obtained for most of the COP measures. SD of velocity in the anteroposterior direction showed the highest reliability in most conditions.Conclusions:Tests with EC and to a lesser extent tests performed in the athlete group and in the postfatigued condition showed better reliability.

THE EFFECTS OF DRESS SHOES ON STABILITY DURING QUIET STANDING AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION WHILE WALKING

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 1250029
Author(s):  
SAED MOHSEN MIRBOD ◽  
MOHAMMAD TAGHI KARIMI ◽  
A. ESHRAGHI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
The Stability

Footwear is an extremely important clothing item worn by all individuals. Currently, there is insufficient research regarding the influence of dress shoes on standing stability and energy consumption while walking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of dress shoes on the performance of normal subjects based on stability and energy consumption analysis. Fifteen normal subjects were recruited in this research study to stand and walk with and without shoes. The stability of the subjects in quiet standing was measured by the use of a force plate based on center of pressure (COP) sway. The energy consumption was evaluated by a heart rate monitoring system (Polar Electro) based on the physiological cost index (PCI). The mean values of PCI while walking with and without shoes were 0.29 ± 0.117 and 0.265 ± 0.112 beats/m, respectively (p-value > 0.05). The amplitudes of COP sways in the mediolateral and anteroposterior directions were 10.4 ± 3.5 and 25 ± 6.92 mm while standing with shoes and 9.3 ± 2.84 and 22.5 ± 5.25 mm in barefoot standing, respectively (p-value > 0.05). It can be concluded that wearing dress shoes does not influence the performance of subjects while standing or walking.

Emotional State Impacts Center of Pressure Displacement Before Forward Gait Initiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Fawver ◽  
Garrett F. Beatty ◽  
Kelly M. Naugle ◽  
Chris J. Hass ◽  
Christopher M. Janelle
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Gait Initiation ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Planning Period ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
The Impact

Emotional states influence whole-body movements during quiet standing, gait initiation, and steady state gait. A notable gap exists, however, in understanding how emotions affect postural changes during the period preceding the execution of planned whole-body movements. The impact of emotion-induced postural reactions on forthcoming posturomotor movements remains unknown. We sought to determine the influence of emotional reactions on center of pressure (COP) displacement before the initiation of forward gait. Participants (N = 23, 14 females) stood on a force plate and initiated forward gait at the offset of an emotional image (representing five discrete categories: attack, sad faces, erotica, happy faces, and neutral objects). COP displacement in the anteroposterior direction was quantified for a 2 second period during image presentation. Following picture onset, participants produced a posterior postural response to all image types. The greatest posterior displacement was occasioned in response to attack or threat stimuli compared with happy faces and erotica images. Results suggest the impact of emotional states on gait behavior begins during the motor planning period before the preparatory phase of gait initiation, and manifests in center of pressure displacement alterations.

The Effects of Uni- and Bilateral Fatigue on Postural and Power Tasks

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo H. Marchetti ◽  
Maria I.V. Orselli ◽  
Marcos Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of unilateral and bilateral fatigue on both postural and power bipedal tasks. Ten healthy subjects performed two tasks: bipedal quiet standing and a maximal bipedal counter-movement jumping before and after unilateral (with either the dominant or nondominant lower limb) and bilateral (with both lower limbs) fatigue. We employed two force plates (one under each lower limb) to measure the ground reaction forces and center of pressure produced by subjects during the tasks. To quantify the postural sway during quiet standing, we calculated the resultant center of pressure (COP) speed and COP area of sway, as well as the mean weight distribution between lower limbs. To quantify the performance during the countermovement jumping, we calculated the jump height and the peak force of each lower limb. We observed that both unilateral and bilateral fatigue affected the performance of maximal voluntary jumping and standing tasks and that the effects of unilateral and bilateral fatigue were stronger in the dominant limb than in the nondominant limb during bipedal tasks. We conclude that unilateral neuromuscular fatigue affects both postural and power tasks negatively.

scholarly journals The Effect of Fatigue on Single-Leg Postural Sway and Its Transient Characteristics in Healthy Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Žiga Kozinc ◽  
Nebojša Trajković ◽  
Darjan Smajla ◽  
Nejc Šarabon
Keyword(s):  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Transient Characteristics ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Before And After

Neuromuscular fatigue is known to impair balance ability, which is reflected in increased postural sway during quiet standing tasks. Recently, quantifying transient characteristics of postural sway has been suggested as an approach to obtain additional information regarding postural control. However, this approach is currently vastly unexplored. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fatigue (induced by a repeated change of direction task) on postural sway and its transient characteristics during single-leg standing, including whole-trial estimates and indexes of transient behavior in young healthy active adults. The study involved 28 physically active students (14 females). Single-leg postural sway was recorded for 30s before and after a fatiguing protocol, which consisted of a repeated change of direction tasks. We calculated the traditional whole-trial estimates of postural sway [center-of-pressure (CoP) velocity and amplitude in anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions] and corresponding transient behavior indexes, based on three 10-s intervals. Statistically significant sex×fatigue interaction with medium effect sizes was found for whole-trial CoP velocity in AP (p=0.028; η2=0.17) and ML directions (p=0.019; η2=0.19). Post-hoc test showed that both variables substantially decreased in female participants (p=0.041–0.045; d=0.54–0.56), but remained similar in males (p=0.194–0.294). There were small to medium statistically significant main effects of fatigue on transient index for CoP amplitude in both directions (p=0.042–0.049; η2=0.02–0.14). Notably, CoP AP amplitude increased in the first 10-s interval for males (before fatigue: 5.6±1.3mm; after fatigue: 6.3±1.6mm), while the CoP AP amplitude in the third interval remained similar after fatigue (before fatigue: 5.5±1.4mm; after fatigue: 5.1±1.2mm). In conclusion, the responses to fatigue in terms of postural sway were time interval specific, and there were certain sex-differences in responses to fatigue, which could be related to better ability to adapt balance strategies in females. Moreover, our results demonstrate that the indexes of transient behavior could perhaps detect smaller fatigue-induced changes in postural sway that are seen in whole-trial estimates.

scholarly journals Whole Body Vibration at Different Exposure Frequencies: Infrared Thermography and Physiological Effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anelise Sonza ◽  
Caroline C. Robinson ◽  
Matilde Achaval ◽  
Milton A. Zaro
Keyword(s):  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Cutaneous Temperature ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of whole body vibration (WBV) on physiological parameters, cutaneous temperature, tactile sensitivity, and balance. Twenty-four healthy adults (25.3±2.6years) participated in four WBV sessions. They spent 15 minutes on a vibration platform in the vertical mode at four different frequencies (31, 35, 40, and 44 Hz) with 1 mm of amplitude. All variables were measured before and after WBV exposure. Pressure sensation in five anatomical regions and both feet was determined using Von Frey monofilaments. Postural sway was measured using a force plate. Cutaneous temperature was obtained with an infrared camera. WBV influences the discharge of the skin touch-pressure receptors, decreasing sensitivity at all measured frequencies and foot regions (P≤0.05). Regarding balance, no differences were found after 20 minutes of WBV at frequencies of 31 and 35 Hz. At 40 and 44 Hz, participants showed higher anterior-posterior center of pressure (COP) velocity and length. The cutaneous temperature of the lower limbs decreased during and 10 minutes after WBV. WBV decreases touch-pressure sensitivity at all measured frequencies 10 min after exposure. This may be related to the impaired balance at higher frequencies since these variables have a role in maintaining postural stability. Vasoconstriction might explain the decreased lower limb temperature.

scholarly journals Motor strategy during postural control is not muscle fatigue joint-dependent, but muscle fatigue increases postural asymmetry

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247395
Author(s):  
Tiago Penedo ◽  
Paula Favaro Polastri ◽  
Sérgio Tosi Rodrigues ◽  
Felipe Balistieri Santinelli ◽  
Elisa de Carvalho Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Postural Asymmetry ◽  
Motor Strategy ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ankle and hip muscle fatigue on motor adjustments (experiment 1) and symmetry (experiment 2) of postural control during a quiet standing task. Twenty-three young adults performed a bipedal postural task on separate force platforms, before and after a bilateral ankle and hip muscle fatigue protocol (randomized). Ankle and hip muscles were fatigued separately using a standing calf raise protocol (ankle fatigue) on a step and flexion and extension of the hip (hip fatigue) sitting on a chair, at a controlled movement frequency (0.5Hz), respectively. In both experiments, force, center of pressure, and electromyography parameters were measured. The symmetry index was used in experiment 2 to analyze the postural asymmetry in the parameters. Our main findings showed that muscle fatigue impaired postural stability, regardless of the fatigued muscle region (i.e., ankle or hip). In addition, young adults used an ankle motor strategy (experiment 1) before and after both the ankle and hip muscle fatigue protocols. Moreover, we found increased asymmetry between the lower limbs (experiment 2) during the quiet standing task after muscle fatigue. Thus, we can conclude that the postural motor strategy is not muscle fatigue joint-dependent and a fatigue task increases postural asymmetry, regardless of the fatigued region (hip or ankle). These findings could be applied in sports training and rehabilitation programs with the objective of reducing the fatigue effects on asymmetry and improving balance.

scholarly journals Age-related changes in postural control in older women: transitional tasks in step initiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Michalska ◽  
Anna Kamieniarz ◽  
Grzegorz Sobota ◽  
Magdalena Stania ◽  
Grzegorz Juras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Time ◽  
Double Support Time ◽  
Support Time

Abstract Background: Aging, being a natural process, involves many functional and structural changes within the body. Identifying the age-related postural changes will provide insight into the role of aging on postural control during locomotion. The aim of this study was to identify age-related postural changes during a transitional task under different conditions.Methods: Sixty healthy females divided into three age groups: A (50-60 y/o), B (60-70 y/o), and C (70-80 y/o). The transitional task was measured by two force platforms. The procedure consisted of three phases: quiet standing, transfer onto a second platform, and quiet standing on the second platform. Four different conditions were applied: unperturbed transfer, obstacle crossing, step-up, and step-down. Double-support time, transit time, and stability time before and after the step task were analyzed.Results: The transit time was longer by 30% for subjects over 70 y/o. The double-support time was longer by 11% among adults 60-70 y/o, while in people over 70 y/o it was longer by almost 50% compared to the 50-60 y/o subjects. The stability time before the transitional task was longer by 17% among adults over 60 y/o compared to middle-age subjects. The stability times before and after the transitional task were longer for adults in the 50-60 y/o category. Conclusion: The proposed procedure is adequate for assessing age-related changes in postural control while undergoing a transitional task. An analysis of the double-support time and stability time before and after the step task enabled the detection of early signs of balance changes in middle-age adults. Independent of age, the transitional task parameters changed with the increasing difficulty of the tasks.

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