ANALYSIS OF THE REGIONAL BUDGET OF THE KEMEROVO REGION – KUZBASS

This article provides an overview of the budget of the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass as of 01.01.2021, as well as the adopted law on the budget of the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass for the planning periods from 2022 to 2024. The analysis revealed an underperformance of the budget, noted the absence of significant changes in parameters the regional budget adopted for execution in 2022 and calculated for the period 2023-2024. The action of the reasons influencing the result of budget execution in the planning period was also established.

Expenditure obligations of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in the social sphere in the budget structure

One of the most pressing issues in financial law is the determination of the place of expenditure obligations for the social sphere in the structure of the regional budget. Expenditure obligations of a social orientation are legally fixed in the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, as well as in the legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation regulating budget relations for the financial year and the planning period. The analysis of the content characteristics of expenditure obligations in the social sphere and the practice of their consolidation in regional budgets, indicates the priority nature of their financing, as indicated by both conducted sociological studies and developed and tested methods, in particular, the assessment of the elasticity of expenditures on budget revenues.

PECULIARITIES OF DETERMINATION OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF EXECUTIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF MEASURES TO INCREASE ENERGY EFFICIENCY

The work is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of determining the economic indicators of the feasibility of implementing measures to improve energy efficiency. In contrast to energy saving, which aims to reduce the consumption of energy resources, energy efficiency is a matter of appropriate energy consumption. That is, the use of less energy for the same level of supply of buildings or industries. The topic is relevant, because now energy prices are rising every year. At the same time, the International Energy Agency estimates an increase in total resource needs by 25% by 2040. To achieve this goal, standard measures aimed at improving the energy efficiency of buildings, the effects of the implementation of these measures, a number of economic indicators, including PP, ARR, NPV, PI, BCR, SIR, MARR, IRR and DPP, were analyzed, evaluated and grouped. The focus was on the dynamic group of indicators due to the fact that their calculation involves the use of a discounting procedure. The general scheme of all dynamic indicators is the same and is based on forecasting costs and revenues for the planning period. The indicators of this group take into account changes in the value of money over time, which is neglected by the indicators of the static group. The most popular indicators are the calculation of net present value (NPV) and the definition of profitability index (PI). This work can be used to solve the problem of low energy efficiency and insufficient funding for the modernization of the building

Investigating a Water Resource Allocation Model by Using Interval Fuzzy Two-Stage Robust Planning for the Yinma River Basin, Jilin Province, China

This study introduces a fuzzy method to construct the interval fuzzy two-stage robust (ITSFR) water resource optimal allocation model based on the interval two-stage robust (ITSR) water resource optimal allocation model. Optimal economic benefit was considered the objective function, and the number of available water resources, sewage treatment capacity, reuse water treatment capacity, and total pollutant control were considered as the constraints. Under three five-year planning periods (2015–2020, 2020–2025, and 2025–2030) and according to the allocation levels of dry, flat, and abundant water periods (low, medium, and high discharge), the pollution absorption, upgrading projects, and water resource allocation schemes of various water sectors (industry, municipal life, ecological environment, and agricultural sector) in the Yinma River Basin were optimized. Water consumption quota is an interval value; high and low water consumption lead to a waste of water resources in the water consumption sector and restrict the development of the water consumption sector, respectively, which indicates that the water consumption quota has the characteristics of fuzzy uncertainty. Therefore, the optimization model was set as a fuzzy parameter in the solution process. The simulation results indicated that water quota can directly influence the income of water resource use, and thus, indirectly influence the economic benefit of the Yinma River Basin during the planning period. In the planning period of the Yinma River Basin, the economic benefit interval of dry, flat, and abundant water periods was reduced by 57%, 55%, and 48%, respectively, which provides a robust method with the advantages of a balanced economy, a stable system, reduced decision-making space, and significantly improved decision-making efficiency. Moreover, the emission ranges of typical pollution indicators (chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen) in the eight counties and urban areas of the Yinma River Basin were significantly reduced during the three planning periods (Dehui area had the highest overall reduction of ammonia nitrogen in the industrial sector during the second five-year planning period, up to 65%), which indicated a significant improvement in the decision-making efficiency. In addition to the Changchun City planning areas dominated by the agriculture production water sector, water resource allocation accounts for >80% of the regional water resource allocation; using the fuzzy optimization method after the Yinma River Basin water resource allocation model, the overall water deficit was significantly reduced; moreover, it was almost the same as in the first five-year period of Changchun City industry water deficit, which declined by up to 33%. The problem of resource waste caused by excessive water limiting in the water sector could be avoided because of the fuzzy water limit. To solve the prominent problem of water deficit in large- and medium-sized cities in the basin, industrial and ecological water sectors can implement measures such as water resource reuse. The total amount of water reuse in a medium year increases by up to 46% compared with that in the ITSR optimization model, which can be attributed to the reduced water consumption limit range of water consumption sectors after the fuzzy water consumption limit. This shows that more water can be allocated to meet the requirements of the water sector during decision-making. In conclusion, this study offers an effective scheme for decision makers to plan water resource allocation in the Yinma River Basin.

Scenarios Simulation and Analysis on Electric Power Planning Based on Multi-scale Forecast: A Case Study of Taoussa, Mali from 2020 to 2035

A long-term forecast study on the electricity demand of Taoussa of Mali is conducted in this paper, with various scenarios of socioeconomic and technological conditions. The analysis tool, which is applied in scenarios simulation, is the Model for Analysis of Energy Demand from the International Atomic Energy Agency. The analysis results are annual electricity demand and peak load forecast for the electrification from the period 2020 to 2035. During the planning period, the analysis results show that the electricity demand will increase to 49.40 MW (332.57 GWh) for the low scenario (LS), 66.46 MW (472.61 GWh) for the reference scenario (RS), and 89.47 MW (635 GWh) for the high scenario (HS). In addition, the total electricity demand increased at an average rate of 8.13% in the LS, 10.31% in the RS and 12.56% in the HS in all sectors. The electricity peak demand is expected to grow at 7.92%, 10.53% and 12.91% corresponding to the three scenarios; in this case, the system peak demand in 2035 will increase to 64.88 MW for the LS, 92.2 MW for the RS and 126.22 MW, the days of peak load are between 17th -23rd in May. The Industry sector will be the biggest electricity consumer of Taoussa area.

Advertising Cooperation and Green Technology R&D Strategy in a Platform-Led Stackelberg Game

In this paper, we study a platform-led Stackelberg differential game over an infinite planning period considering an industry with two manufacturers competing in a common platform market. One manufacturer invests in R&D and produces green products, and the other produces nongreen products. Three platform advertising strategies are discussed systematically: the platform supports all advertising expenses for both manufacturers (PB), supports only green advertising expenses (PG), and implements a joint advertising plan (PJ) with the green manufacturer. The results reveal that the equilibrium price, R&D effort, and advertising level of products increase as the current green degree increases, while the green degree shows a monotonic trend over time and finally tends to be a stable value. The results also indicate that, in the three models, the green degree and the profits of all players with the PG strategy are the lowest. Compared with the PB strategy, although the PJ strategy may not maximize the profits of all players, from environmental perspective, the strategy would make the alliance achieve the best environmental performance.

The Impact of The Land-Use Changes on The Water Carrying Capacity in Kajen, Indonesia: A Spatial Analysis

Kajen Sub-District is the Capital of the Pekalongan Regency. This area is the center of activity that grows to be the urban area with trading and services as the economic pole. The trading and services activity is escalating inherent with the existence of IAIN and UNDIP campuses. The new campus increasing the need for a dormitory or housing and facilities area. Its result of land conversion in vegetation and agriculture. This spatial and development planning above contain in the Pekalongan Regency spatial document years 2020 – 2040. According to that document, the built-up area is predicted to be 50 % growth by the end of the planning period. The study regarding the influence of the land-use changes on the water carrying capacity in Kajen is conducted with the deductive–quantitative method. The deductive is begin to form theoretical synthesis about the themes and then search the empirical fact to compare. The quantitative approach means the data of the study is can be count rationally. The analysis tools of the study are spatial analysis and correlation. The study aims to examine the influence of the land-use change on the water carrying capacity and the most significant land use which influences it. The result of the study it the most influencing land use in water carrying capacity is a settlement with an 8.7-point level of correlation. The settlement appears from the agricultural land conversion, especially dry land and paddy field.

On the problem and algorithms for coordinated optimal management of production and material flows of an enterprise

At present, any unified approach that would allow solving the problems of coordinated optimal control of input and output material flows and production has not been implemented in the theory and practice of managing technological and organizational systems. The works published in this area are often aimed at solving specific problems. When attempting a complex solution the declared systemicity is either indicated only in words, or is implemented heuristically by gluing the constituent components without discussing and analyzing the effectiveness and, moreover, proof. This article, based on the earlier works of the authors, develops an apparatus of coordinated optimal control of all logically related subsystems. A formal setting created for this purpose is a discrete optimization problem and it takes into account all the main factors of production and movement of material flows. A special algorithm for an approximate solution is constructed, which transfers the created problem from the category of NP-hard problems to the category of polynomially solvable ones. The formal setting contains logical conditions for choosing from a variety of parameters, including sources and directions of flows, conditions of supply, volumes and dynamics of production, and determination of optimal prices at the output. Thus, the restrictions systematically take into account both production components and restrictions on resources and the logic of movement of input and output material flows. A maximum net profit at the end of the planning period was used as a criterion for the effectiveness of all processes. The considered model and control problems are investigated using a unified approach that allows working with logical conditions of any complexity and setting appropriate formal optimization problems. The results of testing the algorithm on test data close to real dimensions are also given.

Integrated Planning for Regional Development Planning with Low Carbon Development Constraint under Uncertainty: A Case Study of Qingpu District, Shanghai

Regional development planning systems contain multiple uncertainties which come from economic restructuring, resource management, carbon peak action, environmental protection, and other factors, it is difficulty to handle all of these uncertainties in one method. In order to solve this problem, a new model developed in this study combines an interval fuzzy program with an environmental quality model for regional development planning in order to provide optimal solutions. The interval fuzzy program is put forward based on interval parameter programming (IPP) and fuzzy programing (FP). The environmental quality model is used to calculate water environmental capacity and atmospheric capacity, which are set as constraint conditions in the model. In order to meet the requirements of carbon peak action, a low carbon development constraint is added to the model. In this model, decision makers can choose the satisfaction level of constraints based on their preferences. The results suggest that the methodology is applicable for the regional development planning system within the planning period. The developed model can be used to generate a series of optimization schema under multiple credibility levels, ensuring that the regional development planning system can meet both societal demands and environmental quality requirements, considering a proper balance between the expected system benefits and risks of violating the resource constraint and low carbon development constraint.