Internationalization of Business in Emerging Countries and National Culture

2014 ◽  
pp. 514-561
Author(s):  
Fabrício Fernando Foganhole dos Santos ◽  
Irene Kazumi Miura
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Administrative Practices ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Banking Institution ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Brazilian Culture ◽  
Business Challenges

This chapter provides a framework for understanding the business challenges facing Brazilian companies. Based on the symbolic school of interpretive anthropology, two lines of ethnographic research were conducted on a Brazilian banking institution to identify, connect, and analyze the characteristic traits of Brazilian culture and their impact on organizational culture and administrative practices. The characteristic traits of the national culture are present in the ideals of an organization located in a country, and these traits influence management models and practices. This view rejects the hypothesis of universal management principles. In other words, management should be coherent with the country’s cultural expression, and international businesses should pay attention to the institutional and cultural realities of the countries in which they are located. The identity of an organization is linked to the local cultural context, and this aspect is important in business performance, the management of companies, and the internationalization of organizations in a globalized world.

Internationalization of Business in Emerging Countries and National Culture

2012 ◽  
pp. 117-164
Author(s):  
Fabrício Fernando Foganhole dos Santos ◽  
Irene Kazumi Miura
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Administrative Practices ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Banking Institution ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Brazilian Culture ◽  
Business Challenges

This chapter provides a framework for understanding the business challenges facing Brazilian companies. Based on the symbolic school of interpretive anthropology, two lines of ethnographic research were conducted on a Brazilian banking institution to identify, connect, and analyze the characteristic traits of Brazilian culture and their impact on organizational culture and administrative practices. The characteristic traits of the national culture are present in the ideals of an organization located in a country, and these traits influence management models and practices. This view rejects the hypothesis of universal management principles. In other words, management should be coherent with the country’s cultural expression, and international businesses should pay attention to the institutional and cultural realities of the countries in which they are located. The identity of an organization is linked to the local cultural context, and this aspect is important in business performance, the management of companies, and the internationalization of organizations in a globalized world.

The Power of Art to Cope With Trauma: Psychosocial Intervention After the Tsunami in Japan

2020 ◽  
pp. 002216782098214
Author(s):  
Tami Gavron
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Psychosocial Intervention ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Kindergarten Teachers ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Art Making ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
The Arts

This article describes the significance of an art-based psychosocial intervention with a group of 9 head kindergarten teachers in Japan after the 2011 tsunami, as co-constructed by Japanese therapists and an Israeli arts therapist. Six core themes emerged from the analysis of a group case study: (1) mutual playfulness and joy, (2) rejuvenation and regaining control, (3) containment of a multiplicity of feelings, (4) encouragement of verbal sharing, (5) mutual closeness and support, and (6) the need to support cultural expression. These findings suggest that art making can enable coping with the aftermath of natural disasters. The co-construction underscores the value of integrating the local Japanese culture when implementing Western arts therapy approaches. It is suggested that art-based psychosocial interventions can elicit and nurture coping and resilience in a specific cultural context and that the arts and creativity can serve as a powerful humanistic form of posttraumatic care.

Research on the Urban Ecological Landscape Based on the Theory of Chinese Garden City

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 1236-1239
Author(s):  
Dong Chu
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Garden City ◽  
City Development ◽  
The West ◽  
Ecological Concept ◽  
Rapid Removal ◽  
Testing Field ◽  
Ecological Landscape ◽  
The City

China has been westernized in the process of the urbanization. Because of the rapid removal and reconstruction, many strange buildings are being built and our cities are becoming the testing field, which bring a permanent scar for the context of the city. Western forms are introduced and buildings are copying blindly. The westernized Chinese landscape has no cultural foundation as it is in the west. Chinese Garden City is a kind of Chinese ecological concept expression. It is not an attempt to searching for a universal design mode or a superficial copy of nature. This is a profound consideration about the urbanization of China. It is not a reflection of the traditional style, but an inevitable result of the city development. The concept of the Chinese Garden City establishes a new humanistic platform conforming to the Chinese cultural context and promotes design to return to the roots of the national culture.

A Company Odyssey in the South

2020 ◽  
pp. 257-273
Author(s):  
Philippe D’Iribarne ◽  
Sylvie Chevrier ◽  
Alain Henry ◽  
Jean-Pierre Segal ◽  
Geneviève Tréguer-Felten
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Traits ◽  
A Company

This chapter recounts the successive reforms experienced over almost thirty years by the Cameroon Electricity Corporation. Its history is emblematic of the issues facing companies in emerging countries. First of all, it illustrates the remarkable permanence, over the long term, of a set of Cameroonian cultural traits. However, these national culture specificities have only been addressed episodically during successive modernizations. The first part summarizes the analyses carried out in the early 1990s on the ‘hyper-centralization’ of the company and the subsequent implementation of a detailed procedures manual to reduce it. The second part displays the disappointing results of the universal management solutions later applied to comply with the privatization recommended by the World Bank. This story shows that changes in corporate culture are possible as long as they are in line with the persistent universes of cultural meanings.

Culture matters: The influence of national culture on inclusion climate

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Stoermer ◽  
Anna Katharina Hildisch ◽  
Fabian Jintae Froese
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper develops a conceptual model in order to increase our understanding of the influence of national culture on the relationship between organizational diversity and inclusion management and inclusion climate. Design/methodology/approach Based upon a comprehensive review of diversity and inclusion management literature, we develop a conceptual model. Findings The model delineates how national culture influences the effectiveness of diversity and inclusion management practices in establishing an inclusion climate. In particular, we propose that low power distance, high collectivism, low uncertainty avoidance, low masculinity, high long-term orientation, and high indulgence cultures serve as a fertile context for creating an inclusion climate. Furthermore, we discuss how cultural tightness-looseness amplifies or attenuates the effects of national culture. Research limitations/implications The paper extends our understanding of the antecedents and boundary conditions of creating an inclusion climate. Future research could provide empirical evidence for the proposed relationships. Practical implications The model creates an awareness of the ease or difficulty of establishing an inclusion climate through diversity and inclusion management practices across cultures. Recommendations for developing inclusion climates in various cultural settings are provided. Originality/value Our multi-level model enhances our understanding of how the cultural context, i.e. national cultural values and cultural tightness-looseness, influences the emergence of an organizational inclusion climate which is further suggested to positively influence organizational innovation.

scholarly journals THE CREATIVE CINEMATOGRAPHIC PROCESS AT THE SERVICE OF NATIONAL IDENTITY: PEDRO ALMODÓVAR AND THE PROMOTION OF SPANISH STEREOTYPES

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-386
Author(s):  
Marta Saavedra Llamas ◽  
Nicolás Grijalba de la Calle
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Pedro Almodovar ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Main Thesis

Cultural expression and creativity contribute to shape national identity; movie experience reflects society. The way in which Pedro Almodóvar’s films facilitates a greater understanding of Spanish culture is the main thesis in this research. This study follows a double methodology: a descriptive documentary phase and an analysis of the filmmaker’s work. The latter includes two substages: a qualitative analysis based on a pattern dealing with different variables related to stereotype perception of Spain abroad; and a quantitative one, which highlights further procedures to approach the national culture. The insight provided by this research proves that Almodóvar actually spreads Spanish identity through his creative universe and empowers its stereotypes, yet by making them more modern: he points out the role of family, but he goes against the traditional model; he turns Madrid, Spain symbolic sight in the international standard about Spanish identity, into the kernel of his work; and he introduces some elements of Spanish popular culture like folklore, gastronomy, bullfighting or rural Spain.

scholarly journals When Western Administrative Theories Meet China’s Government Reforms: Do they fit?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Leizhen Zang ◽  
Chenguang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Institutional Reform ◽  
Administrative Practices ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Reforms ◽  
Analytical Frameworks

Embedded in the epoch of globalization, initiatives of governmental reforms among countries are intertwined, especially when these countries seek to gain wider experience from their counterparts’ suggestible pathways. However, scholars are inclined to oversimplify their analytical frameworks when conducting comparative research on administrative reforms. This paper intends to interpret and analyze such simplification of comparative studies which might result in the continuing promotion of a failing approach or the aimless transplantation of other countries’ reform experience and theories, the phenomenon not uncommon in studies of China’s administrative practices. This paper reveals an overlooked context, namely, that the adaptation of international theories of institutional reform has not achieved the intended goals in China’s case. Through our analysis, we aim to use China’s example to highlight the need to consider its social and cultural context in adapting Western administrative theories, and to suggest how scholars can better advise the government in the process of administrative reforms.

scholarly journals The examination of spices used in the Ottoman palace cuisine

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1000
Author(s):  
Seydi Yıkmış ◽  
Kübra Sağlam ◽  
Adem Yetim
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
National Culture ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Foundation Stone

The human being has a vital prescription to eat and drink as much as the day-to-day process. This vital point constitutes the foundation stone of gastronomic tourism. In our globalized world, nations that express or offer their own values have become more successful. Therefore, the culture of Turkish food and nutrition refers as the key of national culture. Therefore, it is very important to examine the characteristics of the Ottoman cuisine to introduce food culture. Traditionally Ottoman cuisine, soups, meat dishes, olive oil vegetables, salads and spices used in desserts are important. Nowadays, people want to learn not only the sense of hunger but also the history of gastronomy (all components depending on cultural and environmental influences). It gives us great opportunities when it is told and applied to the history of that cultural gastronomy. These opportunities are making economic difference by strengthening the functions of gastronomic tourism. Due to the literature obtained in the study, it is thought that the inclusion of the spices in the Ottoman cuisine destinations in Turkey, which has a high potential for gastronomy tourism, will support sustainable development. In the study, was given informations about the characteristics of the spices used in Ottoman cuisine.

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