Individual, Institutional, and Environmental Factors Promoting Patient Retention and Dropout

2021 ◽  
pp. 1590-1606
Author(s):  
Precious Arnan ◽  
Emmanuel Adugu
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Program Administrators ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Client Dropout ◽  
Patient Retention

The primary purpose of this chapter is to determine factors that shape client dropout and adherence to Cardiac Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation Programs. The sample consists of 68 individuals, including those currently in the program (adherents) and those who have dropped out (dropouts). Findings show that clients undergoing rehabilitation are much likely to drop out when they are in the critical zone. This is a point where institutional factors, individual factors and environmentally-related factors are not favorable to clients. The risk of clients dropping out can be drastically reduced through the provision of an enabling environment comprising a set of factors that foster adherence such as financial sponsorship, institutional support, high intrinsic motivation, improved illness perception. In that context, there is the need for program administrators to closely monitor at-risk clients, especially those whose social, economic and psychological profiles predict non-adherence.

Individual, Institutional, and Environmental Factors Promoting Patient Retention and Dropout

2016 ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Precious Arnan ◽  
Emmanuel Adugu
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Program Administrators ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Client Dropout ◽  
Patient Retention

The primary purpose of this chapter is to determine factors that shape client dropout and adherence to Cardiac Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation Programs. The sample consists of 68 individuals, including those currently in the program (adherents) and those who have dropped out (dropouts). Findings show that clients undergoing rehabilitation are much likely to drop out when they are in the critical zone. This is a point where institutional factors, individual factors and environmentally-related factors are not favorable to clients. The risk of clients dropping out can be drastically reduced through the provision of an enabling environment comprising a set of factors that foster adherence such as financial sponsorship, institutional support, high intrinsic motivation, improved illness perception. In that context, there is the need for program administrators to closely monitor at-risk clients, especially those whose social, economic and psychological profiles predict non-adherence.

scholarly journals Perceived Factors Responsible for Students’ Drop Out of School in Zumo Development Area Song Local Government of Adamawa State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Kamkwis M Zira ◽  
Adamu Muhammad Zumo
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
School Problems ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Development Area ◽  
Student Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Out Of School

The main purpose of the study was to examine school related factors responsible for students dropping out from secondary schools in Zumo Development Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research was adopted for the study. A total of twenty students who had dropped out of school in the past five years were in the study area. They were randomly sampled from five communities out of the nine community secondary schools in Zumo Development area. Data was collected through administering a modified four point likert-type questionnaire to the participants. The data obtained was compiled and analysed using simple percentages. The study revealed that poverty and financial constraints were critical in the dropout phenomenon. The study also revealed that school dropout was primarily grounded in school problems such as school distance and inadequate teacher-student relationship, inadequate resources and facilities as well as irrelevant curriculum content that failed to meet the needs and aspirations of the students. The study recommended that schools learning environment should be child friendly. Teachers as well as pupils should team up to work together to encourage and assist children on the verge of dropping out to remain in school.

scholarly journals Contribution of Psychological Factors in Dropping out from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Rehabilitation Programs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Tselebis ◽  
Epaminondas Kosmas ◽  
Dionisios Bratis ◽  
Argiro Pachi ◽  
Ioannis Ilias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs

Significant positive effects, particularly on psychological state in patients who completed the follow-up pulmonary rehabilitation programs, are indicated by a large number of studies. Yet, a remarkable proportion of selected patients drop out from these programs. In this study, we investigated existing differences on psychological variables among COPD patients who complete and those who drop out from pulmonary rehabilitation programs. The study included 144 patients, 43 (29.9%) of whom did not complete the program. SCL-90 was used for the assessment of psychological symptoms. On the SCL-90-R scale 55.6% of patients had abnormal findings. Patients who discontinued the program had higher rates of depression and somatization compared to those who completed it. Regarding the psychopathology scales of SCL-90R, we found that patients who discontinued the program showed higher levels of psychopathology on the scales of somatization, depression, paranoid ideation, and psychotism compared to those who completed the program. The final regression model showed that patients with low educational status and psychotism were more likely to leave the program. In conclusion, psychopathology contributes to patients dropping out from a COPD rehabilitation program; thus, psychological assessment prior to inclusion in rehabilitation programs may reduce dropouts.

Dropout from an internet-delivered CBT Intervention for Adults with Depression and Anxiety: A Qualitative Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Lawler ◽  
Caroline Earley ◽  
Ladislav Timulak ◽  
Angel Enrique ◽  
Derek Richards
Keyword(s):  
Online Communication ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Completion Rates ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Lower Treatment ◽  
Perceived Change

BACKGROUND Treatment dropout continues to be reported from iCBT interventions and lower completion rates are generally associated with lower treatment effect sizes. However, evidence is emerging to suggest that completion of a pre-defined number of modules is not always necessary for clinical benefit nor considerate of the needs of each individual patient. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to carry out a qualitative analysis of patients’ experiences of an iCBT intervention in a routine care setting in order to achieve a deeper insight into the phenomenon of dropout. METHODS Fifteen purposively sampled participants (8 female) from a larger parent RCT were interviewed via telephone using a semi-structured interview schedule that was developed from the existing literature and research on dropout in iCBT. Data was analysed using the descriptive-interpretive approach. RESULTS The experience of treatment leading to dropout can be understood in terms of ten domains: Relationship to Technology, Motivation to Start, Background Knowledge and Attitudes towards iCBT, Perceived Change in Motivation, Usage of the Programme, Changes due to the Intervention, Engagement with Content, Experience Interacting with the Supporter, Experience of Online Communication and Termination of the Supported Period. CONCLUSIONS Patients who drop out of treatment can be distinguished in terms of their change in motivation: those who felt ready to leave treatment early and those who had negative reasons for dropping out. These two groups of participants have different treatment experiences, revealing potential attributes and non-attributes of dropout. The reported between group differences should be examined further to consider those attributes that are strongly descriptive of the experience and regarded with less importance those that have become loosely affiliated.

scholarly journals School dropout among female learners in rural Mpumalanga, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Prince Mokoena ◽  
Adrian D. van Breda
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
High School ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
High School Dropout ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Secondary Schooling ◽  
Out Of School

South Africa, like many countries, has high numbers of learners who do not complete secondary schooling. This reduces these young people’s chances of finding work or of earning a better salary. It is thus important to understand the factors that contribute to high school dropout. In the study reported on here we investigated the factors that caused a number of female learners to drop out and return to high school in a rural community in Mpumalanga. The learners provided 3 reasons for dropping out of school: pregnancy, illness and immigration. The analysis of these factors suggests 3 underlying themes that influence the ability of children to remain in school, viz. health, policies and structures, and poverty. The implications of these and recommendations to address them are discussed. The authors argue that greater interdepartmental efforts are required to support vulnerable girls to remain in school.

scholarly journals Ride through testing of variable speed drive due to voltage sag types (types I, II and III)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 690
Author(s):  
Surya Hardi ◽  
R. Harahap ◽  
S. Ahmad ◽  
M. Isa
Keyword(s):  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Voltage Sag ◽  
Type I ◽  
Voltage Sags ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Variable Speed Drives ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Test Points

Variable speed drives (VSDs) are widely used in various applications mainly in process industry need constant rotational speed. It is developed from power electronic components thus saving energy in its operation. Unfortunately it is susceptible against power quality problem for example voltage sags. The VSD may be disruption or drop out when it is supplied by voltage sags and it is determined by sag characteristics. This study is to investigate effect of voltage sags Types I, II and III on VSD through laboratory testing. The voltage sags characteristics are generated from voltage sag generator (Shaffner 2100 EMC).  The effects are presented in susceptibility curves in disruption and drop out conditions. The curves resulted are evaluated by standard curve recommended. Test results show that voltage sag Type I cause the VSD disruption only, whereas two types sag other result in the VSD disruption and also drop out. Evaluation results explain  a few test points are in operation area for disruption condition whereas test points for dropping out far below the threshold recommended. Hence the VSD has good quality to voltage sags.

scholarly journals No effect of gamification on attrition from a longitudinal cognitive testing study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Alexander Lumsden ◽  
Andy Skinner ◽  
David Coyle ◽  
Natalia Lawrence ◽  
Marcus Robert Munafo
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Repeated Testing ◽  
Balance Task ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Gamelike Features

The prospect of assessing cognition longitudinally is attractive to researchers, health practitioners and pharmaceutical companies alike. However, such repeated-testing regimes place a considerable burden on participants, and with cognitive tasks typically being regarded as effortful and unengaging, these studies may experience high levels of participant attrition. One potential solution is to gamify these tasks to make them more engaging: increasing participant willingness to take part and reducing attrition. However, such an approach must balance task validity with introducing entertaining gamelike elements.We investigated the effects of gamelike features on participant attrition using a between-subjects, longitudinal online testing study. We used three variants of a common cognitive task, the stop signal task, with a single gamelike feature in each: one variant where points were rewarded for performing optimally, another where the task was given a graphical theme, and a third variant which was a standard stop signal task and served as a control condition. Participants completed four compulsory test sessions over four consecutive days before entering a six-day voluntary testing period where they faced a daily decision to either drop out or continue taking part. Participants were paid for each session they completed.We saw no evidence for an effect of gamification on attrition, with participants dropping out of each variant at equal rates. Our findings raise doubts about the ability of gamification to increase engagement with cognitive testing studies.

scholarly journals Socijalna integracija mladih u riziku od ispadanja iz sustava obrazovanja: rezultati slovenskog programa Projektno učenje mladih odraslih

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-308
Author(s):  
Miloslav Poštrak ◽  
Natalija Žalec ◽  
Gordana Berc
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Education System ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Project Learning ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Social Fund ◽  
The Republic

SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF YOUNG PERSONS AT RISK OF DROPPING OUT OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM: RESULTS OF THE SLOVENIAN PROGRAMME PROJECT LEARNING FOR YOUNG ADULTS In order to understand the phenomenon of dropping out of the education system, it is important to direct scientific and professional interest on understanding the lifestyle of these young persons from their perspective. The concept of social vulnerability of the youth is useful for that purpose, as it explores risk factors in various life circumstances of young persons, based on which approaches and programmes focused on prevention of dropping out, solving the problems of droputs and unemployed young persons are developed. The programme Project Learning for Young Adults combines both approaches and is based on an individualised, holistic and structured way of working with vulerable young persons. It consists of three levels of project activities: elective, individual and interest based with the aim of developing working habits, team work, self-confidence and career interests in order to reintegrate young adults in the education system and promote their entering the labour market and social inclusion. The programme has been active for 25 years in the Republic of Slovenia and it has included over 1,370 young adults. It has been financed by the European Social Fund. Key words: vulnerable youth, drop-out, NEET population, project learning for young adults.

scholarly journals Pre-diagnostic drop out of presumptive TB patients and its associated factors at Bugembe Health Centre IV in Jinja, Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 633-640
Author(s):  
Godfrey Ekuka ◽  
Ismael Kawooya ◽  
Edward Kayongo ◽  
Ronald Ssenyonga ◽  
Frank Mugabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Keywords Tuberculosis ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Individual

Background: Drop out of presumptive TB individuals before making a final diagnosis poses a danger to the individual and their community. We aimed to determine the proportion of these presumptive TB drop outs and their associated factors in Bugembe Health Centre, Jinja, Uganda. Methods: We used data from the DHIS2, presumptive and laboratory registers of Bugembe Health Centre IV for 2017. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the population characteristics. A modified Poisson regression model via the generalized linear model (GLM) with log link and robust standard errors was used for bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Among the 216 registered presumptive TB patients who were less than 1% of patients visiting the outpatients’ department, 40.7% dropped out before final diagnosis was made. Age and HIV status were significantly associated with pre-diagnostic drop out while gender and distance from the health center were not. Conclusion: A high risk to individuals and the community is posed by the significant proportion of presumptive TB pa- tients dropping out before final diagnosis. Health systems managers need to consider interventions targeting young persons, male patients, HIV positive persons. Keywords: Tuberculosis (TB); Pre-diagnostic drop out; Presumptive TB; SORT IT.

Academic Engagement and Dropout Intention in Undergraduate University Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 152102512110636
Author(s):  
Pedro Ricardo Álvarez-Pérez ◽  
David López-Aguilar ◽  
María Olga González-Morales ◽  
Rocío Peña-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Academic Engagement ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Engagement Scale ◽  
Out Of School

The relationship between engagement and the intention to drop out was the focus of this research. Following an empirical–analytical approach, a sample of 1,122 university students responded to a questionnaire designed to measure the engagement and the intention to drop out of school. The results confirmed that undergraduates who considered dropping out had lower scores on the engagement scale. These data are relevant for the adoption of preventive measures against academic dropouts.

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