Basic Methods of Peak-Hour Traffic Generation Forecast about Urban Commercial Complex

2014 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 1400-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Li Luo ◽  
Chang Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Density Functions ◽  
Trip Generation ◽  
Single Function ◽  
Functional Complex ◽  
Traffic Generation ◽  
Traffic Impacts ◽  
Function Peak

Based on analysis of the traffic impacts characteristics of the urban commercial complex, the article proposed that single-functional project itself generated traffic volume is related to time, and conforms to the corresponding Poisson distribution function. However, the multiple-functional complex itself generated peak-hour traffic volume is not a simple sum of each single-function peak volume, but is calculated by superposing the each function respective traffic density functions. Meanwhile, the article also explored the superposition and calculation method to obtain peak-hour traffic volume during forecasting the trip generation of the urban commercial complex.

scholarly journals STUDI PERENCANAAN TEBAL PERKERASAN KONSTRUKSI JALAN RAYA (MENGGUNAKAN METODE BINA MARGA) PADA RUAS JALAN UMASUKAER DI KABUPATEN MALAKA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Philipus Resato Nahak ◽  
Yosef Cahyo ◽  
Sigit Winarto
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
The Road ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Data Survey ◽  
Pavement Thickness

The increase in traffic volume will cause a decrease in service due to decreased road capacity due to an increase in side constraints and due to the increase in traffic volume itself, which will ultimately cause the level of road saturation to increase. The situation occurred in the Umasukaer road section of the Malacca Regency. Therefore it is necessary to address improvements in the quality of the road in order to meet the feasibility of transportation facilities by taking into account the existing technical requirements. The results of planning found that through the 2015 LHR survey data with a prediction of an increase in traffic density of 6% per year, the LHR was obtained with a planned age of 7 years = 2540.7 vehicles/day/department and a 20-year plan life LHR = 5419.1 ked/day / major. The results of a gradual construction planning pavement study can be concluded that the planning model that has been designed is effective in strengthening road construction in accordance with existing technical requirements and efficient in terms of financing. The final results of gradual construction pavement thickness results are: Ashburton thickness (MS 744) = 8 cm, Ashburton (MS 744) = 13 cm, broken stone (CBR 100) = 20 cm, Sirtu (CBR 50) = 10 cm and CBR subgrade 5%. Pertambahan volume lalu lintas akan menyebabkan penurunan layanan diakibatkan menurunnya kapasitas jalan karena adanya peningkatan hambatan samping maupun karena beratambahnya volume lalu lintas itu sendiri yang pada akhirnya akan meyebabkan tingkat kejenuhan jalan meningkat. Keadaan tersebut terjadi ruas jalan Umasukaer Kabupaten Malaka, oleh karena itu perlu adanya penanganan perbaikan kualitas jalan agar memenuhi segi kelayakan sarana transportasi dengan memperhatikan syarat-syarat teknik yang ada. Hasil perencanaan didapatkan bahwa melalui data survey LHR tahun 2015 dengan prediksi peningkatan kepadatan lalu lintas sebesar 6% pertahun maka didapatkan LHR dengan umur rencana 7 tahun = 2540,7 kend/hr/jurusan dan LHR umur rencana 20 tahun = 5419,1 ked/hr/jurusan. Hasil studi perencanaan perkerasan konstruksi bertahap dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa model perencaaan yang telah dirancang efektif dalam memperkerasa konstruksi jalan sesuai dengan syarat teknis yang ada serta efisien dalam hal pembiayaan. Hasil akhir tebal perkerasan konstruksi bertahap diperoleh hasil: Ketebalan Asbuton (MS 744) = 8 cm, Asbuton (MS 744) = 13 cm, batu pecah (CBR 100) = 20 cm, Sirtu (CBR 50) = 10 cm dan CBR tanah dasar 5%.

scholarly journals Comparing methods for building trophic spectra of ecological data

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Libralato ◽  
Cosimo Solidoro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Distribution Function ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Density Functions ◽  
Normal Density ◽  
Density Distribution Function ◽  
Ecological Data

Abstract Libralato, S., and Solidoro, C. 2010. Comparing methods for building trophic spectra of ecological data. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 426–434. The distribution of biomass, production, and catches over trophic levels (TLs) of the foodweb has been shown theoretically and empirically to provide powerful insights into ecosystem functioning and the effects of fishing. One approach for building trophic spectra of ecological data is based on smoothing original data and assuming zeroes when no values are available for a TL (smoothing-based method). An alternative method is proposed, based on the distribution of ecological data according to density functions (dispersion-based method), and a systematic review of the different alternatives is presented. Six different methods for building trophic spectra, i.e. the smoothing-based and five alternative forms for dispersion-based (using normal, lognormal, and Weibull distributions, also including shifted lognormal and Weibull with zero at TL 2), were applied to ecological properties (i.e. production, biomass, and catches) derived for 24 foodweb models to test their relative performance. The smoothing-based method suffers from the lack of consistency with original data and from unrealistic emergent properties, such as transfer efficiency. The analysis demonstrates the advantages of the dispersion-based method for overcoming these issues and shows, using transfer efficiencies estimated from the models (flow-based estimates) as a reference, that the normal density distribution function performs better.

scholarly journals Determinação dos padrões de viagens e taxas de geração de viagens de automóveis e caminhões para indústrias:o caso de Tubarão/SC

TRANSPORTES ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Orlandi Silva ◽  
Lenise Grando Goldner
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Top Management ◽  
Trip Generation ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Stratified Sample ◽  
Management Staff ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Resumo:</strong> Assim como outros Pólos Geradores de Viagens (PGVs), as indústrias provocam mudanças no tráfego de seu entorno, devido às viagens realizadas por funcionários e caminhoneiros. Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa realizada entre os meses de março e junho de 2008, em três indústrias na cidade de Tubarão - SC, que consistiu em entrevistas com a administração destas indústrias e a aplicação de questionários a uma amostra estratificada de funcionários e caminhoneiros. Também foram realizadas contagens volumétricas de tráfego nos principais acessos. Da análise dos resultados, obteve-se a movimentação da entrada e saída de veículos em geral e a percentagem de pico horário correspondente. Mediante o somatório de fluxos, foi possível elaborar as taxas de geração de viagens em função da área total construída e do número de funcionários. Realizou-se a comparação das taxas e volumes de viagens propostas na pesquisa com os modelos existentes referentes ao tipo de PGV estudado.</p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Just like other Trip Generating sites, industries bring about changes in the traffic in their surroundings due to the trips made by employees and truck drivers. This paper describes a research survey conducted from March to June 2008 in three industries in the city of Tubarão - Santa Catarina. It consisted of interviews with top management staff and the administration of questionnaires to a stratified sample of industry employees and truck drivers. Traffic volume counts were conducted in the main access ways and the analysis of the results provided a portrait of the movement of vehicles entering and departing in general and the peak hour percentages of traffic volumes. The sum of flows was used to calculate trip generation rates as a function of gross floor areas and numbers of employees. A comparison was made of the rates and trip volumes obtained with those proposed by existing models for the type of PGV studied.</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH ELECTRONIC ROAD PRICING TERHADAP VOLUME LALU LINTAS PADA RUAS JALAN GATOT SUBROTO

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Stevanus Stevanus ◽  
Najid Najid
Keyword(s):  
Road Pricing ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Access Road ◽  
Price Range ◽  
Toll Collection ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
High Traffic Volume

Electronic Road Pricing is an electronic toll collection scheme used to reduce traffic volume by setting up a device called On Board Unit as the pricing system. ERP is implemented due to Jakarta high traffic volume. This research will discuss about the traffic condition at Gatot Subroto road. This road is the access road to business disrict and tourist areas. To analyze traffic volume, observation method will be used to obtain volume, speed and traffic density. Direct observation will be done by taking into account motorcycles, light vehicles and heavy vehicles. Relationship between speed and density can be shown from the graphic obtained from observation data, which will be modified with questionnaire data. Questionnatire data is distributed to acquire the percentage of volume reduction dan estimated price. Electronic Road Pricing to reduce traffic volume. Price range and timing will be processed with variance analysis method (ANOVA) along with SPSS program. The analysis of this research is expected to identify which pricing of Electronic Road Pricing is most efficient to reduce traffic volume at Gatot Subroto road. AbstrakElectronic Road Pricing adalah jalan berbayar yang digunakan untuk mengurangi volume lalu lintas dengan cara memasangkan alat On Board Unit sebagai alat pembayarannya. Tingginya volume kendaraan di Jakarta menjadi alasan utama Electronic Road Pricing digunakan pada lalu lintas. Pada penulisan ini, dibahas mengenai kondisi lalu lintas Gatot Subroto, ruas jalan ini merupakan akses pengguna untuk menuju perkantoran dan tepat wisata. Untuk menganalisa volume kendaraan akan digunakan metode observasi langsung untuk mendapatkan volume, kecepatan dan kepadatan lalu lintas. Observasi langsung dilakukan dengan memperhatikan kendaraan bermotor roda dua, kendaraan ringan, dan kendaraan berat. Dengan data observasi akan didapat grafik hubungan antara kecepatan dan kedapatan yang akan dimodifikasi dengan data kuesioner. Data kuesioner disebar untuk mendapatkan persentase penurunan volume dan perkiraan harga. Electronic Road Pricing untuk mengurangi volume lalu lintas. Pilihan harga dan waktu akan diolah dengan metoda analysis of variance (ANOVA) dengan dibantu program SPSS. Diharapkan pada analisis dari penelitian ini dapat mengetahui biaya Electronic Road Pricing yang paling efisien untuk mengurangi volume kendaraan pada jalan Gatot Subroto.

scholarly journals Convergence of estimated optimal inventory levels in models with probabilistic demands

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-227
Author(s):  
Carlos Bouza
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Distribution Function ◽  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Probability Distribution Function ◽  
Search Algorithms ◽  
Inventory Level ◽  
Density Functions ◽  
Monte Carlo Experiments ◽  
Unknown Probability ◽  
Optimal Inventory Level

The behavior of estimations of the optimal inventory level is analyzed. Two models are studied. The demands follow unknown probability distribution function. The included density functions are estimated and a plug-in rule is suggested for computing estimates of the optimal levels. Two search algorithms are proposed and compared using Monte Carlo experiments. .

scholarly journals MODEL BANGKITAN PERGERAKAN RUMAH TANGGA BERDASARKAN GENDER UNTUK AKTIFITAS MANDOTORY DI KOTA BANDA ACEH

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Raihan Icthiar Riyana ◽  
Renni Anggraini ◽  
Sugiarto Sugiarto
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Trip Generation ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Economic Demography ◽  
Activity Duration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Banda Aceh

Trip generation in the household is very influential on the activity it has. Routine activity that should be done by an individual itself also called as mandatory activity. Also with the trip generation performed can be affected by social status owned, one of which is gender. Gender is the division of roles between men and women which can have a difference. The occurrence of traffic density due to the characteristics of community within a household of trip generation making the purpose of this research is to know the socio-economic characteristics, demography and tip behavior, knowing factors which influence the trip generation of a household based on gender for mandatory activity and to get the model, and the difference of utility and probability value. Area of this research are 4 sub-districts in Banda Aceh city which are Jaya Baru sub-districts, Banda raya, Lueng Bata, and Kuta raja sub-district with the sampe numbers of 400 samples. Method used is Model of Binomial Logit Difference then processed by using SPSS v20. Characteristics of Socio-economic, demography, and trip behavior which produced by 19 variables in this research one of its variable is gender that is 54% for men and 46% for women. From the utility model obtained, then the factors that affecting the movement of the household based on mandatory activity on men are number of family members and activity duration, while for women are number of family members who attend school and activity duration. Probability for the household Trip generation is probabilitas ≤ 3 movement and 3 movements based on the mandatory activity for men are 75% and 25%, while for women are 72% and 28%.

A Method for Estimating the Voyage Distribution of Marine Traffic

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Hara
Keyword(s):  
Research Group ◽  
Technical College ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Radar Observation ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Osaka Bay ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Local Navigation ◽  
The World

Various surveys have been carried out in narrow waters throughout the world and provide data on the traffic volume, traffic density, velocity distributions of ships, &c. Although these surveys certainly contribute to the safety of local navigation they do not give any information on traffic movements between terminal points in a marine traffic system. There are a few papers on voyage distribution based on traffic surveys, statistical reports or questionnaires to mariners and also a few based on radar observation, including one in Osaka Bay in Japan which was carried out by the traffic research group of the Kobe University of Mercantile Marine and Nautical Technical College.

An Intelligent Traffic Lights Schedule Approach Using WSNs

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 2443-2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Bin Zhou ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Lu Yi Chen ◽  
Jing Jing Liu ◽  
Guo Yong Dai
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Intelligent Approach ◽  
Schedule Approach

We study the problem of traffic lights scheduling in a dynamic three-dimension intersection. In this paper, an intelligent traffic lights schedule approach is proposed to optimize the traffic lights sequence according to traffic data detected and predicted in real-time, e.g. traffic volume, delays and traffic density. Evaluations have been conducted to compare the performance in terms of traffic throughput, and the result depicts that our intelligent approach can obtain better performance.

Methodology to Evaluate the Quality of Service of Traffic Flow on Intercity Expressway Sections by using Follower Percentage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (6) ◽  
pp. 200-210
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Konda ◽  
Hideki Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Multiple Points ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Estimated Parameters

This study estimated composite headway distributions consisting of follower and non-follower headway elements and used the follower percentage obtained as the estimated parameters of those distributions to evaluate the quality of service (QOS) of traffic flow on Japanese intercity expressways under uncongested conditions. Analysis of pulse data obtained by vehicle detectors at multiple points with differing geometric structures showed that follower percentage is influenced by lane traffic volume, vehicle pair, and lane operation. Use of follower percentage also enabled clear and quantitative comparison and evaluation of the QOS of traffic flow for different lane operation formats, which could not be adequately expressed by such conventional macroscopic indices as average speed and traffic density. This indicates that follower percentage is a suitable performance measure for evaluating the QOS of traffic flow.

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