Effect of the Fixation Treatment on the Staining Results of Reactive Dyes for Dyeing Bamboo

2014 ◽  
Vol 1078 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Chun Wang ◽  
Xian Jun Li ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
Xi Yi Cheng ◽  
Xia He
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Fixation Rate ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Variation Range ◽  
Fixation Treatment

In this article, the crushed bamboo bundles were pre-treated with dilute alkali were used as raw materials and then treated with reactive dyes. The influence of the fixing process including Na2CO3 concentration and processing time was studied systematically and an optimized fixing process for dyeing bamboo bundles was obtained. The results showed that:1）These two treatment conditions all can improve the dye uptake and fixation rate; 2）With the increasing of Na2CO3 concentration, the dye uptake and fixation rate are rises gradually and all be increased 20% most, then get the stabilizing when it is 20g / L; The fixation treatment time has little effect on the staining results with the variation range under 7%; 3）The most satisfactory effect could be obtained: The Na2CO3 concentration and processing time is 20g/L and 30min, respectively.

Characteristics of Lithium Polysilicate Electrolyte Synthesized by Sol-Gel Processing

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 1031-1034
Author(s):  
Bong Soo Jin ◽  
Bok Ki Min ◽  
Chil Hoon Doh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Lithium Silicate ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Si Wafer

To find out suitable Si surface treatment and heat treatment conditions, acid treatment of Si wafer was done for lithium polysilicate electrolyte coating on Si wafer. In case of HCl treatment, the wet angle of a sample is 30o, which is the smallest wet angle of other acid in this experiment. Acid treatment time is 10 min, which is no more change of wet angle. Lithium polysilicate electrolyte was synthesized by hydrolysis and condensation of lithium silicate solution using perchloric acid. Thermal analysis of lithium polysilicate electrolyte shows the weight loss of ~23 % between 400 and 500 , which is due to the decomposition of LiClO4. The XRD patterns of the obtained lithium polysilicate electrolyte also show the decrement of LiClO4 peak at 400 . The optimum heat treatment temperature is below 400 , which is the suitable answer for lithium polysilicate electrolyte.

The Adsorption Character of Kapok Fiber and Reactive Dyeing Technology on Modified Kapok Fiber

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Ding ◽  
Zaisheng Cai ◽  
Liming Wang ◽  
Yong Shen ◽  
Qunyan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Direct Dyes ◽  
Kapok Fiber ◽  
Reactive Dyeing ◽  
Wash Fastness ◽  
Fixation Ratio

The adsorption character of kapok fiber with direct dyes and the dyeing technology of cationic modified kapok fiber with reactive dyes were studied in this article. The results indicate that the optimal dyeing technique parameters for the cationic modified kapok fiber with the reactive dye Cibacron FN-R include 0.5~1% (o.w.f) of dyes, 15~20g·L-1 of NaCl, and 2g·L-1 of JFC with bath ratio of 1:50 at a dyeing temperature of 40°C for 30min. The dyed kapok fiber was fixed with 15~20g·L-1 of Na2CO3 for 60min. As a result, the dye-uptake, fixation ratio, wash fastness, friction fastness, and K/S of cationic modified kapok fabric were enhanced by above technique.

Adsorption Kinetics of Reactive Dyes on Silk with Octyl Butyl Dimethyl Ammonium Bromide as Accelerant

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Guang Xian Zhang ◽  
Feng Xiu Zhang ◽  
Hui Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Dimethyl Ammonium ◽  
Adsorption Rates ◽  
Kinetics Of

With octyl butyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (OBDAB) as accelerant, adsorption kinetics of dyeing silk with three reactive dyes was studied in this paper. As concentration of OBDAB increased, the dye-uptake rate increased. The highest dye-uptake rates of three reactive dyes could reach to 89.40%~98.98% and the concentration of OBDAB was only 6-8g/L. This showed OBDAB was an effective accelerant. Pseudo first- and second-order kinetic models were used to analyze the adsorption kinetic data. The experimental data were found to follow the second-order kinetic model. Meanwhile, the initial dye adsorption rates of reactive red dye B-3BF, reactive yellow dye B-4RFN and reactive orange dye B-2RLN increased as temperature increased, and the activation energy of them were found respectively to be 28.42,13.14,32.90 kJ/mol.The positive values of and obtained indicated that reactive dyes adsorption with OBDAB as accelerant was an endothermic process. The conclusion showed OBDAB was a potential accelerant.

Synthesis of amino-terminated hyperbranched polymers and their application in microfiber synthetic leather base dyeing

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfang Ren ◽  
Guohui Zhao ◽  
Taotao Qiang ◽  
Xuechuan Wang ◽  
Na Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Hyperbranched Polymers ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Relative Molecular Mass ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Synthetic Leather ◽  
Diethylene Triamine ◽  
Primary Amino

In the current study, amino-terminated hyperbranched polymers (NH2-HBP) were synthesized by Michael addition reaction in which N, N’-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) and diethylene triamine (DETA) were used as raw materials, and water was used as a solvent. Reaction temperature, raw material ratio, and reaction time were optimized via single-factor experiments in which the production rate and primary amino content were used as indexes. The results showed that the mol ratio of MBA to DETA was 1:1.1, the temperature was 70°C, and reaction time was 24 h. Under this condition, the primary amino content of NH2-HBP was 2.83 mmol/g, and the yield was 91.16%. The NH2-HBP structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. Moreover, the relative molecular mass distribution of NH2-HBP was also determined by gel permeation chromatography. As an active substance, NH2-HBP was grafted onto the polyamide microfiber synthetic leather used in clothes, and organic phosphine was used as a cross-linking agent. The change in dye uptake, surface chroma, and resistance to dry-rub and wet-rub fastness properties was discussed. When the NH2-HBP dosage was 5.5%, the dye uptake improved from 56.89% to 94.85% (an increase of almost 61%). The surface chroma also deepened, the dry-rub fastness improved from 3.0 to 4.5, and the wet-rub fastness improved from 2.5 to 3.5.

Mercerization and Characterization of Straw Pulp Fibers

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2645-2649
Author(s):  
Yan Na Yin ◽  
Quan Xiao Liu ◽  
Yu Bin Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Fiber Cell ◽  
Pulp Fibers ◽  
Water Retention Value ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Fiber Cell Wall

Effects of mercerizing treatment on water-retention value of straw pulp fibers were discussed and the mercerizing treatment conditions were optimized. The best conditions of mercerizing treatment is NaOH concentration of 4mol/L, temperature of 40°C and processing time of 60min. SEM showed that the fiber cell wall swelling increase after mercerization.

Study on Gypsum Retarder from Waste Penicillin Mycelium

2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 539-544
Author(s):  
Xiao Qiong Ren ◽  
Hong Jie Liu ◽  
Xue Song Liang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Sodium Polyphosphate ◽  
Pharmaceutical Factory ◽  
Treatment Conditions

A new kind of gypsum retarder was prepared from waste penicillin mycelium (WPM), a harmful solid waste from pharmaceutical factory. The results indicated that the optimum treatment conditions were pH value 11, temperature 80 °C and treatment time 1.5 h. Compared with sodium citrate and sodium polyphosphate, WPM retarder can effectively prolong the setting time of gypsum with less influence on mechanical strength. The crystal morphology microstructure of gypsum containing retarder was studied with SEM and the reason why the mechanical strength loss of gypsum were also explained in this paper.

scholarly journals THE CHOICE OF FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON VIBRO-CENTRIC SEPARATION OF LIQUID INHOMOGENEOUS RAW MATERSALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Yurii Polievoda ◽  
Alla Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Oscillation Amplitude ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Optimization Parameters ◽  
Criteria For Evaluation ◽  
Power And Energy

The development of modern equipment and technology leads to healthy competition, which in turn allows you to freely choose a machine or installation for the separation of liquid inhomogeneous systems. Each production when choosing equipment takes into account the relevant factors and its specifics. Mathematical and statistical planning of a multifactorial experiment was used to refine the glycerin quality indicators and determine their weight. The article constructs the response surfaces of the optimization criteria, which allow us to clearly illustrate the dependences of the values of the mass fraction of pure glycerin and energy consumption on individual optimization parameters. The research method includes the selection of optimal modes of operation of the vibrocentric machine for purification of liquid glycerol-containing raw materials according to technical and economic criteria for evaluation and determination of quality indicators of purified glycerol with variation of processing time, process temperature, etc. During the study, special attention was paid to the main operating parameters of this vibrating machine, namely: amplitude-frequency, power and energy. The efficiency of the process of vibration-based purification of crude glycerol was evaluated on such parameters as vibration control, angular rate of flow, rate of temperature. The recommendations of the second basic parameters of the lateral period were determined in accordance with the second set of the second order. Analyzing the results of studies of vibration-centrifugal separation of liquid inhomogeneous raw materials, it can be argued that the most influential factors in the separation of these products are the rotor speed, vibration shaft speed, oscillation amplitude, power, temperature and processing time.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Reactive Dyed Pretreated Cotton Fabrics with and without using Salt

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9723-9726
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Particle Movement ◽  
Wash Fastness ◽  
Kinetics Of

Most of the cotton fabrics at present are dyeing using reactive dyes which requires large quantities of salt, further produce large amount of effluent load to the environment in the form of more salinity in the effluent water along with other pollutants. In order to reduce the salinity in the waste water lot of investigations were carried out. Cotton fabrics pretreated with chitosan were dyed with reactive dyes. Pretreated samples were dyed without using salt as an electrpolyte. The influence of pretreatment on kinetics in dye bath i.e rate of dye particle movement towards the fabric, wash fastness, rubbing fastness was determined. The results of this study shows that the pretreatment of cotton with chitosan increases dye uptake and shows good fastness to washing and rubbing same as that of conventional way of dyed samples. It was determined that chitosan was effective cross linking agent in salt-free dyeing of cotton fabrics.

scholarly journals ULTRASONIC TREATMENT WHEAT STRAW IN THE ENVIRONMENT 1-BUTYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORIDE

2017 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Сергей (Sergei) Николаевич (Nikolaevich) Евстафьев (Evstaf'ev) ◽  
Куанг Кыонг (Kuang Kyong) Хоанг (Khoang)
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Safe Technology ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Degree Of Purification

The development of environmentally safe technology for processing lignocellulosic raw materials with the separation of polysaccharide and lignin fractions for subsequent use is an actual problem, a solution of which is possible when using ionic liquids as a solvent. To intensify the processing process, the possibility of using ultrasonic irradiation in the environment of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was studied. The results of the research of the influence of ultrasound power, temperature and processing time on the yield of fractions and the degree of purification of cellulose from impurities of hemicellulose and lignin are presented. It has been established that the use of ultrasound with a power of 10-50 W at processing of wheat straw in the environment of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride promotes an increase in the degree of purification of cellulose from impurities, primarily hemicellulose, and a decrease in treatment time. The maximum degree of purification of cellulose was 68.1% and was received by irradiating with ultrasound 50 W at 140 °C within 15 min. It is shown that ultrasonic treatment of wheat straw in the environment of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride provides an increase in the total yield of sugars of fermentolysis of polysaccharides of wheat straw by 4-5 times. The total yield of sugars of fermentolysis of the fractions of polysaccharides isolated in the experimental conditions was 83% of the theoretically possible.

scholarly journals An Insight into Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Optimization with the Combination of Hydrothermal (HT) and Biological Techniques: A Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
Nalok Dutta ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Gang Luo ◽  
Shicheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Biomass Valorization ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Yield Value ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Energy Balances ◽  
Insight Into

Biomass valorization plays a significant role in the production of biofuels and various value-added biochemicals, in addition to lowering greenhouse gas emissions. In terms of biorefining methods, hydrothermal (HT) and biological techniques have demonstrated the capability of valorizing biomass raw materials to yield value added end-products. An inter-disciplinary bio-economical approach is capable of optimizing biomass’s total potential in terms of environmental perspective and circular bioeconomy standpoint. The aim of this review is to provide an in-depth overview of combinatorial HT and biological techniques to maximize biomass value, which includes biological valorization following HT pretreatment and HT valorization of lignocellulosic substrates emanating from biocatalytic hydrolysis/anaerobic digestion and/or pretreated food waste for the ultimate yield of biogas/biochar and biocrude. In this study, we discuss recent advances regarding HT and biological treatment conditions, synergies between the two technologies, and optimal performance. Additionally, energy balances and economic feasibility assessments of alternative integrated solutions reported in previous studies are compared. Furthermore, we conclude by discussing the challenges and opportunities involved in integrating HT and biologicals methods toward complete biomass utilization.

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