Development of Titanium Dental Implants Using Techniques of Powder Metallurgy

2014 ◽  
Vol 775-776 ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pâmela Karina dos Santos Bonfim ◽  
Ricardo Ciuccio ◽  
Maurício David Martins das Neves
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Titanium Powder ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Vacuum Sintering ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

Titanium is an attractive material for dental and biomedical applications, because of high corrosion resistance, excellent biocompatibility and high mechanical strength combined with low density. However, the high reactivity of titanium in the liquid phase make it difficult to produce it by fusion, so a alternative is powder metallurgy (P/M) method. Powder Metallurgy has been used to manufacture porous implants. The presence of a porous surface is desirable because it improves the osteointegration increases the adhesion between the bone tissue and the implant, being favorable for transporting body fluid. This paper proposes to characterize the commercial pure titanium powder obtained by process of hydride-dehydride, obtain samples with adequate porosity by uniaxial pressing and vacuum sintering and evaluate the corrosion behavior of sintered titanium in Hank ́s solution. The results showed that the titanium powder of angular shape after uniaxial pressing of 400 MPa and sintered in vacuum at 1150 ° C, allowed obtaining samples with adequate surface porosity of around 17%. In potentiodynamic polarization curves revealed no typical behavior of passive metals but show low current density, that increasing corrosion resistance. Keywords: titanium implants, powder metallurgy, porosity and electrochemical behavior.

Role of Aluminium on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behaviour of Magnesium Prepared by Powder Metallurgy Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 8206-8213
Author(s):  
J. Alias
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Aluminium Content ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Promising Development

Much research on magnesium (Mg) emphasises creating good corrosion resistance of magnesium, due to its high reactivity in most environments. In this study, powder metallurgy (PM) technique is used to produce Mg samples with a variation of aluminium (Al) composition. The effect of aluminium composition on the microstructure development, including the phase analysis was characterised by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical property of Mg sample was performed through Vickers microhardness. The results showed that the addition of aluminium in the synthesised Mg sample formed distribution of Al-rich phases of Mg17Al12, with 50 wt.% of aluminium content in the Mg sample exhibited larger fraction and distribution of Al-rich phases as compared to the 20 wt.% and 10 wt.% of aluminium content. The microhardness values were also increased at 20 wt.% and 50 wt.% of aluminium content, comparable to the standard microhardness value of the annealed Mg. A similar trend in corrosion resistance of the Mg immersed in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was observed. The corrosion behaviour was evaluated based on potentiodynamic polarisation behaviour. The corrosion current density, icorr, is observed to decrease with the increase of Al composition in the Mg sample, corresponding to the increase in corrosion resistance due to the formation of aluminium oxide layer on the Al-rich surface that acted as the corrosion barrier. Overall, the inclusion of aluminium in this study demonstrates the promising development of high corrosion resistant Mg alloys.

Tribological and electrochemical behavior of Ag2O/ZnO/NiO nanocomposite coating on commercial pure titanium for biomedical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1166-1176
Author(s):  
Onur Çomakli ◽  
Mustafa Yazici ◽  
Tuba Yetim ◽  
Fatih Yetim ◽  
Ayhan Celik
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Cp Ti

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the structural, tribological and electrochemical properties of Ag2O, ZnO, NiO coatings and Ag2O/ZnO/NiO nanocomposite films deposited on commercially pure titanium. Design/methodology/approach Ceramic thin films (Ag2O, ZnO, NiO coatings and Ag2O/ZnO/NiO nanocomposite film) were deposited on commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) substrate. Surface characterization of the uncoated and coated samples was made by structural surveys (scanning electron microscopic examinations and X-ray diffraction analyses), hardness measurements, tribological and corrosion experiments. Findings Results were indicated that sol-gel coatings improved the wear and corrosion resistance of CP-Ti, and the best results were seen at the nanocomposite coating. It may be attributed to its small grain size, high surface hardness and high film thickness. Originality/value This study can be a practical reference and offers insight into the influence of nanocomposite ceramic films on the increase of hardness, tribological and corrosion performance. Also, the paper displayed a promising approach to produce Ag2O/ZnO/NiO nanocomposite coating on commercially pure titanium implants for biomedical applications.

Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Titanium Composites via Powder Metallurgy Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 520 ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuyoshi Kondoh ◽  
Thotsaphon Threrujirapapong ◽  
Sun Bin ◽  
Hisashi Imai ◽  
Shu Feng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Titanium Powder ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Un-bundled multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were coated on titanium powder surface by using zwitterionic surfactant solution and mixing process, and their CNT/Ti composite powders were consolidated into full-dense materials by spark plasma sintering and the following hot extrusion process in solid-state. Wrought titanium powder metallurgy (PM) composites containing CNTs revealed extreme increment of yield stress and tensile strength of 85% and 50%, respectively, compared to conventional PM titanium with no reinforcement, while they had enough high ductility. The mechanical improvement was mainly due to dispersion strengthening effect of CNTs and in-situ formed TiC fine particles and a small mount of carbon solid solution into Ti matrix. In addition, the control of grain growth was promoted by TiC dispersoids during SPS, and contributed to their strengthening behavior. Furthermore, high-temperature tensile strength less than 673K of PM pure titanium materials was also obviously improved by the pinning effect of TiC particles dispersed at grain boundaries. In this paper, microstructural and mechanical properties of powder metallurgy titanium composites would be introduced in detail.

Quantitative Evaluation of Interstitial Elements in the Processing of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Powder Metallurgy

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L.G. Petroni ◽  
V.A.R. Henriques ◽  
M.S.M. Paula ◽  
C.A.A. Cairo
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Titanium Hydride ◽  
Titanium Powder ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Carbon Absorption ◽  
Interstitial Elements

The use of hydride powders in titanium powder metallurgy (P/M) is a low cost alternative for the manufacture of titanium alloys. However, due to the high reactivity of these powders, parts produced using this technique may contain interstitial impurities such as oxygen, nitrogen and carbon. In this work a factorial design approach was used to evaluate the influence of some stages of P/M upon the levels of these elements in sintered samples of Ti-6Al-4V. Milling time of titanium hydride powders, sintering temperature and holding time were evaluated. The effect of milling time was detected as the most significant for the increase in oxygen levels. The contents of all elements were affected by the increase of sintering temperature from 1200 °C to 1400 °C. Holding time was shown to be significant only for the carbon absorption in the samples sintered at 1400 °C.

scholarly journals Citric Acid in the Passivation of Titanium Dental Implants: Corrosion Resistance and Bactericide Behavior

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Pablo Verdeguer ◽  
Javier Gil ◽  
Miquel Punset ◽  
José María Manero ◽  
José Nart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Protective Oxide ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

The passivation of titanium dental implants is performed in order to clean the surface and obtain a thin layer of protective oxide (TiO2) on the surface of the material in order to improve its behavior against corrosion and prevent the release of ions into the physiological environment. The most common chemical agent for the passivation process is hydrochloric acid (HCl), and in this work we intend to determine the capacity of citric acid as a passivating and bactericidal agent. Discs of commercially pure titanium (c.p.Ti) grade 4 were used with different treatments: control (Ctr), passivated by HCl, passivated by citric acid at 20% at different immersion times (20, 30, and 40 min) and a higher concentration of citric acid (40%) for 20 min. Physical-chemical characterization of all of the treated surfaces has been carried out by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy, and the ‘Sessile Drop’ technique in order to obtain information about different parameters (topography, elemental composition, roughness, wettability, and surface energy) that are relevant to understand the biological response of the material. In order to evaluate the corrosion behavior of the different treatments under physiological conditions, open circuit potential and potentiodynamic tests have been carried out. Additionally, ion release tests were realized by means of ICP-MS. The antibacterial behavior has been evaluated by performing bacterial adhesion tests, in which two strains have been used: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram–) and Streptococcus sanguinis (Gram+). After the adhesion test, a bacterial viability study has been carried out (‘Life and Death’) and the number of colony-forming units has been calculated with SEM images. The results obtained show that the passivation with citric acid improves the hydrophilic character, corrosion resistance, and presents a bactericide character in comparison with the HCl treatment. The increasing of citric acid concentration improves the bactericide effect but decreases the corrosion resistance parameters. Ion release levels at high citric acid concentrations increase very significantly. The effect of the immersion times studied do not present an effect on the properties.

scholarly journals Sintering High Green Density Direct Powder Rolled Titanium Strips, in Argon Atmosphere

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 936
Author(s):  
Anthony Govender ◽  
Clinton Bemont ◽  
Silethelwe Chikosha
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Powder ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Green Density ◽  
Vacuum Sintering ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Argon Gas ◽  
Air Contamination

Presently, the majority of titanium powder metallurgy components produced are sintered under high vacuum due to the associated benefits of the vacuum atmosphere. However, high-vacuum sintering is a batch process, which limits daily production. A higher daily part production is achievable via a continuous sintering process, which uses argon gas to shield the part from air contamination. To date, there has been limited work published on argon gas sintering of titanium in short durations. This study investigated the properties of thin high green density titanium strips, which were sintered at the temperatures of 1100 °C, 1200 °C and 1300 °C for a duration of 30 min, 60 min and 90 min in argon. The strips were produced by rolling of −45 µm near ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) grade 3 hydride–dehydride commercially pure titanium powder. The density, hardness, tensile properties and microstructure of the sintered strips were assessed. It was found that near-full densities, between 96 and 99%, are attainable after 30–90 min of sintering. The optimum sintering temperature range was found to be 1100–1200 °C, as this produced the highest elongation of 4–5.5%. Sintering at 1300 °C resulted in lower elongation due to higher contaminant pick-up.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE SPACE HOLDERS TECHNIQUE APPLIED IN POWDER METALLURGY PROCESS IN THE USE OF TITANIUM AS BIOMATERIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
Ronei Tochetto ◽  
Rafael Tochetto ◽  
Luciano V. Biehl ◽  
J. L.B. Medeiros ◽  
J. C. Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Titanium Powder ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Porous Metal ◽  
Metal Structure ◽  
Ammonium Bicarbonate ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Process

The objective of this paper is the manufacture of a porous metal structure from commercially pure titanium powder grade 1, aiming at the possible application as a biomaterial in the re-generation of bone tissues assuming its architecture. Exper-imental methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the Space Holders tech-nique in the manufacture of powder metallurgy (MP). In the samples produced, 50% by volume of titanium powder and 50% of chemical reagent (So-dium Chloride - NaCl and Ammonium Bicarbonate - HN4HCO3) were added, compressed with a pressure of 250 Mpa. The metal-only test samples were com-pacted with pressures of 70 MPa and 250 MPa. The architecture found with the use of Space Holders was satisfactory, presenting sufficient conditions of size, morphology, and interconnectivity for bone growth within the structure. Samples made only with metal powder do not have enough pores even with lower compation pressure.

scholarly journals Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications: Evaluation of the Conventional Powder Metallurgy Frontier and Space-Holder Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Lascano ◽  
Cristina Arévalo ◽  
Isabel Montealegre-Melendez ◽  
Sergio Muñoz ◽  
José Rodriguez-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Space Holder ◽  
Industrial Implementation

Titanium and its alloys are reference materials in biomedical applications because of their desirable properties. However, one of the most important concerns in long-term prostheses is bone resorption as a result of the stress-shielding phenomena. Development of porous titanium for implants with a low Young’s modulus has accomplished increasing scientific and technological attention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the viability, industrial implementation and potential technology transfer of different powder-metallurgy techniques to obtain porous titanium with stiffness values similar to that exhibited by cortical bone. Porous samples of commercial pure titanium grade-4 were obtained by following both conventional powder metallurgy (PM) and space-holder technique. The conventional PM frontier (Loose-Sintering) was evaluated. Additionally, the technical feasibility of two different space holders (NH4HCO3 and NaCl) was investigated. The microstructural and mechanical properties were assessed. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of titanium porous structures with porosities of 40% were studied by Finite Element Method (FEM) and compared with the experimental results. Some important findings are: (i) the optimal parameters for processing routes used to obtain low Young’s modulus values, retaining suitable mechanical strength; (ii) better mechanical response was obtained by using NH4HCO3 as space holder; and (iii) Ti matrix hardening when the interconnected porosity was 36–45% of total porosity. Finally, the advantages and limitations of the PM techniques employed, towards an industrial implementation, were discussed.

DMV 59

Alloy Digest ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract DMV 59 is the material of choice for a wide variety of applications where significant corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength is necessary. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-672. Producer or source: Mannesmann DMV Stainless USA Inc.

CRM MOLYBDENUM-50 RHENIUM

Alloy Digest ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
High Melting ◽  
High Melting Point ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract CRM MOLYBDENUM-50 RHENIUM is a high-melting-point alloy for applications such as electronics tube components, electrical contacts, thermionic converters, thermocouples, heating elements and rocket thrusters. All products are produced by powder metallurgy. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Mo-11. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document