Effective Characteristics of the Multi-Modular Composites under Transverse Stretching

2019 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Grebenyuk ◽  
M. Klymenko ◽  
Tatiana Smoliankova ◽  
R. Koval
Keyword(s):  
Isotropic Material ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Cell Deformation ◽  
Effective Characteristics ◽  
Transverse Compression ◽  
Calculated Ratio ◽  
Transversally Isotropic ◽  
Elastic Characteristics

In this article is determined the ratio between effective elastic characteristics of the fibrous transversally isotropic material. Fibrous uniaxial material, which consists of the isotropic elastic matrix and fiber, is in the focus of attention. It is assumed that mechanical properties of components under stretching and compression are different, notably matrix material and fiber material are multi-modular. Transverse stretching and transverse compression of composite cell are considered. Two problems for each type of strain are solved. In the first problem stresses and displacements of matrix and fiber under conditions of their common axisymmetrical deformation are determined. Subsequently similar characteristics for the cell deformation of the homogeneous transversally isotropic material as a composite are determined. Ratio between effective composite’s characteristics is solved from the conditions of equality of the axial displacements of the composite’s cell and radial displacements on its surface. The relation of the calculated ratio from volume fraction of fiber in a composite is analyzed.

On the Sliding Friction Characteristics of Unidirectional Continuous FRP Composites

2001 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinguo Ning ◽  
Michael R. Lovell
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Parabolic Cylinder ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Frp Composites ◽  
Frp Composite

By applying a closed-form analytical solution Hwu and Fan (1998) for an anisotropic half-plane, the contact characteristics of unidirectional continuous fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) composites are investigated. The particular condition of a rigid parabolic cylinder in normal sliding contact with the composite is evaluated. The influence of FRP composite matrix material, friction coefficient, fiber material, fiber orientation, and fiber volume fraction on the surface contact pressure are determined and evaluated by comparison to published experimental data and results from the finite element method. From the analytical results, several important trends for the contact characteristics of fiber-reinforced plastics are ascertained and discussed with respect to the wear and design-ability of FRP materials.

Comparison of Crystal Plasticity and Isotropic Hardening Predictions for Metal-Matrix Composites

1993 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Needleman ◽  
V. Tvergaard
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Isotropic Hardening ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Plastic Deformations ◽  
Crystalline Plasticity ◽  
Planar Crystal ◽  
Crystal Model ◽  
Flow Theory Of Plasticity

In a numerical micromechanical study of the tensile properties of a metal reinforced by short whiskers, the elastic-plastic deformations of the metal are described in terms of crystalline plasticity, using a planar crystal model that allows for either two or three slip systems. Plane strain analyses are carried out for a periodic array of aligned whiskers for whisker volume fractions of 10 percent to 30 percent, and comparison is made with predictions based on a corresponding flow theory of plasticity with isotropic hardening. The predicted trend for composite strengthening with whisker volume fraction is the same for the various matrix material constitutive characterizations. It is found that the crystal model can give rise to shear localization, initiating at the sharp whisker edges. As a consequence of this localization, the stress carrying capacity eventually drops.

Determination of fiber volume fraction in a cured laminate

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110112
Author(s):  
Qing Yang Steve Wu ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Weng Heng Liew ◽  
Vincent Lim ◽  
Xiping Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Laser Ultrasonic ◽  
The Matrix

Propagation of ultrasonic wave in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is greatly influenced by the material’s matrix, resins and fiber volume ratio. Laser ultrasonic broadband spectral technique has been demonstrated for porosity and fiber volume ratio extraction on unidirection aligned CFRP laminates. Porosity in the matrix materials can be calculated by longitudinal wave attenuation and accurate fiber volume ratio can be derived by combined velocity through the high strength carbon fiber and the matrix material with further consideration of porosity effects. The results have been benchmarked by pulse-echo ultrasonic tests, gas pycnometer and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The potentials and advantages of the laser ultrasonic technique as a non-destructive evaluation method for CFRP carbon fiber volume fraction evaluation were demonstrated.

scholarly journals Microstructure, Tensile Properties and Hardness Behavior of Al7075 Matrix Composites Reinforced With Graphene Nanoplatelets and Beryl Fabricated by Stir Casting Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6761-6765 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Aluminum 7075 ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this research, an effort is made to familiarize and best potentials of the reinforcing agent in aluminum 7075 matrices with naturally occurring Beryl (Be) and Graphene (Gr) to develop a new hybrid composite material. A stir casting technique was adopted to synthesize the hybrid nanocomposites. GNPS were added in volume fractions of 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 1.5wt%, and 2wt% and with a fixed volume fraction of 6 wt.% of Beryl. As cast hybrid composites were microstructurally characterized with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Microstructure study through scanning electron microscope demonstrated that the homogeneous distribution reinforcement Beryl and GNPs into the Al7075 matrix. Brinell hardness and tensile strength of synthesized materials were investigated. The hybrid Al7075-Beryl-GNPs composites showed better mechanical properties compared with base Al7075 matrix material. The ascast Al7075-6wt.% Beryl-2wt.%GNPs showed 49.41% improvement in hardness and 77.09% enhancement in ultimate tensile strength over Al7075 alloy.

scholarly journals Functional Application for the Corn Leaf Fibre to Make Reinforced Polymer Composites Sheet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramratan Guru ◽  
Anupam Kumar ◽  
Rohit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Composite Product

This research work has mainly utilized agricultural waste material to make a good-quality composite sheet product of the profitable, pollution free, economical better for farmer and industries. In this study, from corn leaf fibre to reinforced epoxy composite product has been utilized with minimum 35 to maximum range 55% but according to earlier studies, pulp composite material was used in minimum 10 to maximum 27%. Natural fibre-based composites are under intensive study due to their light weight, eco-friendly nature and unique properties. Due to the continuous supply, easy of handling, safety and biodegradability, natural fibre is considered as better alternative in replacing many structural and non-structural components. Corn leaf fibre pulp can be new source of raw material to the industries and can be potential replacement for the expensive and non-renewable synthetic fibre. Corn leaf fibre as the filler material and epoxy as the matrix material were used by changing reinforcement weight fraction. Composites were prepared using hand lay-up techniques by maintaining constant fibre and matrix volume fraction. The sample of the composites thus fabricated was subjected to tensile, impact test for finding the effect of corn husk in different concentrations.

Biomimetic composites inspired by venous leaf

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongdai Liu ◽  
R Ghosh ◽  
A Vaziri ◽  
A Hossieni ◽  
D Mousanezhad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Young’S Moduli

A typical plant leaf can be idealized as a composite having three principal fibers: the central mid-fiber corresponding to the mid-rib, straight parallel secondary fibers attached to the mid-fiber representing the secondary veins, and then another set of parallel fibers emanating from the secondary fibers mimicking the tertiary fibers embedded in a matrix material. This paper introduces a biomimetic composite design inspired by the morphology of venous leafs and investigates the effects of venation morphologies on the in-plane mechanical properties of the biomimetic composites using finite element method. The mechanical properties such as Young’s moduli, Poisson’s ratio, and yield stress under uniaxial loading of the resultant composite structures was studied and the effect of different fiber architectures on these properties was investigated. To this end, two broad types of architectures were used both having similar central main fiber but differing in either having only secondary fibers or additional tertiary fibers. The fiber and matrix volume fractions were kept constant and a comparative parametric study was carried out by varying the inclination of the secondary fibers. The results show that the elastic modulus of composite in the direction of main fiber increases linearly with increasing the angle of the secondary fibers. Furthermore, the elastic modulus is enhanced if the secondary fibers are closed, which mimics composites with closed cellular fibers. In contrast, the elastic modulus of composites normal to the main fiber ( x direction) exponentially decreases with the increase of the angle of the secondary fibers and it is little affected by having secondary fibers closed. Similar results were obtained for the yield stress of the composites. The results also indicate that Poisson’s ratio linearly increases with the secondary fiber angle. The results also show that for a constant fiber volume fraction, addition of various tertiary fibers may not significantly enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. The mechanical properties of the composites are mainly dominated by the secondary fibers. Finally, a simple model was proposed to predict these behaviors.

scholarly journals Extraction of void fraction in metal matrix composite using morphological image processing

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 096369359400300
Author(s):  
Lun X. He ◽  
David K. Hsu ◽  
John P. Basart
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Void Fraction ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Morphological Image Processing ◽  
The Matrix

In continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composites, the volume fraction of voids in the matrix material is an important parameter for material property characterization. In analyzing a cross-sectional micrograph of such a composite, the presence of fiber images and voids occurring on the perimeter of fibers complicates the determination of void content. This paper describes image processing steps using mathematical morphology for the extraction of void fraction in a composite.

A Permeability Model for Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites with Varying Clay Platelets Thickness

2018 ◽  
Vol 916 ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulhamid Al-Abduljabbar
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Permeability Model ◽  
Bulk Polymer ◽  
Clay Platelets

Polymer-clay nanocomposites (PCNC), are characterized by the high ratio of surface area to volume of the clay nanoparticles which are in the form of clay platelets with very high aspect ratio. This feature provides superior gas barrier properties at very low volume fraction of the nanofiller. Clay platelets introduce discontinuity to flows through the bulk polymer matrix material. The extent of this improvement depends on the success of separation of clay layers during processing which would produce single-layer particles (exfoliation) or several-layer particles (intercalation) through the bulk polymer matrix. This paper discusses the common permeability models used to capture the effects of the clay nanofillers in PCNC. Since these models assume a state of full exfoliation of clay platelets; that is a single phase of the nanofiller, they fall short of representing the actual state as evidenced by experimental works, which confirm the presence of both the intercalated phase and the exfoliated phase. A model that incorporates clay inclusions with different sizes (different thicknesses) is proposed and its implications are assessed.

Effect of Property of Interphase Layer on Damping Properties of Polymer Composites Using Sensitivity Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shank S. Kulkarni ◽  
Alireza Tabarraei ◽  
Pratik Ghag
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Wave Attenuation ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Interphase Layer ◽  
Damping Properties ◽  
Damping Property ◽  
Interphase Region ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract This work studies the damping property of Nanocomposites through simulating wave propagation using the Finite Element Method (FEM). For this purpose Representative Volume Element (RVE) of the composite material is created using Random Sequential Absorption (RSA) algorithm. Damping property is represented using the wave attenuation coefficient. The matrix material is assumed to be isotropic visco-elastic in nature with randomly dispersed stiff elastic spherical fillers. In order to model mechanical imperfections at the boundary of fillers and matrix, the interphase layer is modeled surrounding the spherical fillers. Determining the thickness and stiffness of this interphase region is a challenging task. Therefore this study aims at investigating the effect of variation in thickness and stiffness values of the interphase region on damping property of whole composite using sensitivity analysis. Two specific cases with a volume fraction of 5 % and 8.6 % are selected for sensitivity analysis. It has been found that both the thickness and stiffness of the interphase region plays an important role in deciding the damping properties of the polymer composite. Value of attenuation coefficient is more sensitive to the thickness of interphase than stiffness and hence it is important to choose the value of thickness correctly for accurate predictions.

Influence of fiber volume fraction and curing temperature on mechanical properties of jute/PLA green composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
Jai Inder Preet Singh ◽  
Sehijpal Singh ◽  
Vikas Dhawan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Green Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume

Rising environmental concerns and depletion of petrochemical resources have resulted in an increased interest in biodegradable natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites. In this research work, jute fiber has been used as a reinforcement and polylactic acid (PLA) as the matrix material to develop jute/PLA green composites with the help of compression molding technique. The effect of fiber volume fraction ranging from 25% to 50% and curing temperature ranging from 160°C to 180°C on different samples were investigated for mechanical properties and water absorption. Results obtained from various tests indicate that with an increase in the fiber volume fraction, tensile and flexural strength increases till 30% fiber fraction, thereafter decreases with further increase in fiber content. Maximum tensile and flexural strength of jute/PLA composites was obtained with 30% fiber volume fraction at 160°C curing temperature. The trend obtained from mechanical properties is further justified through the study of surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy.

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