AN ANNOTATED LIST OF THE BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) OF THE MARITIME PROVINCES OF CANADA

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (11) ◽  
pp. 1227-1230
Author(s):  
David J. Lewis ◽  
Gordon F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Maritime Canada

AbstractTwenty species of black flies are now recorded from the Maritime Provinces of Canada. These include five species of Prosimulium, two species of Cnephia, and 13 species of Simulium. With the exception of S. vernum Meigen, all species have been previously recorded from maritime Canada. The known biology of these black flies is summarized and includes information on overwintering stages, larval and pupal habitats, adult emergence and feeding habits, and seasonal occurrence and abundance.

Biting flies of the eastern Maritime Provinces of Canada. I. Tabanidae

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1493-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Lewis ◽  
Gordon F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Horse Flies ◽  
Maritime Canada ◽  
Horse Fly

Fifty-seven species of Tabanidae are recorded from maritime Canada. Thirty-one species have been collected during the period 1973–1976 in the Maritime Provinces, particularly in the Nova Scotia–New Brunswick border region. Larval and pupal habitats were not determined. Feeding habits of 20 species of tabanids were determined; 15 species were collected feeding on man, and 9 species feeding on cattle. Chrysops mitis was the most abundant deer fly and accounted for 14.5% of the tabanid population, 37.1% of the deer flies collected, and 52.6% of the deer flies feeding on man. Hybomitra epistates was the most abundant tabanid; it comprised 19.7% of the tabanids collected and 32.6% of the Hybomitra population. Hybomitra frontalis was the most abundant horse fly feeding on man, and comprised 74.2% of this group. Chrysops frigidus accounted for 42.9% of the deer flies feeding on cattle, while H. typhus Form A accounted for 50% of the horse flies feeding on cattle. Hybomitra illota was the most abundant tabanid collected in tabanid traps. Generally, species of Chrysops were more annoying to man while species of Hybomitra were more of a pest of cattle. Specimens of Tabanus were uncommon.

Proteolytic Activity of the Midgut in Relation to Feeding in the Beetles Tenebrio Molitor L. and Dytiscus Marginalis L

1956 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
R. H. DADD
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Midgut Epithelium ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Cellulose Powder ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Accelerated Growth

1. In Tenebrio secretion of protease occurs spontaneously after moult and adult emergence, and in response to feeding in the active larva and mature adult. Damp cellulose powder or water are effective in increasing secretion in the adult. 2. Since little enzyme is accumulated in the epithelial tissue when the total midgut enzyme is greatly increased, it is inferred that synthesis and discharge are interdependent. When synthesis (as indicated by comparatively high tissue enzyme) is accelerated, growth of the midgut epithelium occurs. 3. In starved Dytiscus protease is accumulated in the midgut tissue. Within one hour of feeding it is largely discharged into the crop. Protease recurs in the midgut tissue in a few hours, but remains low so long as the crop contains undigested material. When the crop is empty, discharge ceases and enzyme is again accumulated in the epithelium. Thus the process of discharge appears to be independent of synthesis. 4. The secretory mechanisms of Tenebrio and Dytiscus are discussed in relation to their feeding habits.

PRELIMINARY STUDIES OF EFFECTS OF JUVENILE HORMONE ANALOGUES ON ADULT EMERGENCE OF BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Cumming ◽  
B. McKague
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Complete Inhibition ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Juvenile Hormone Analogues ◽  
Simulium Decorum

AbstractBreeding sites for Simulium venustum, Simulium arcticum, Simulium pugetense, Simulium hunteri, Simulium canadense, and Simulium decorum were found in the Vancouver area. Addition of juvenile hormone analogues to the rearing water of S. decorum resulted in virtually complete inhibition of adult emergence.

EFFECTS OF INSECT DEVELOPMENTAL INHIBITORS ON ADULT EMERGENCE OF BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. McKague ◽  
P. M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Insect Growth Regulators ◽  
Insect Growth ◽  
Slow Release Formulations ◽  
Simulium Decorum

AbstractAdult emergence of Simulium decorum and Simulium tuberosum was reduced or completely inhibited in air-agitated stream water by 0.1 p.p.m. slow release formulations of insect growth regulators. Abnormal pupae were produced when S. decorum larvae were exposed to 5 p.p.m. R20458-4E.

Notes on a Collection of Dragonflies (Odonata) from Nova Scotia

1950 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 190-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Cook
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Records ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
The Past ◽  
Annotated List

During the past four years Mr. Douglas C. Ferguson has collected dragonflies in Nova Scotia thereby greatly increasing our knowledge of the geographical distribution of these insects within the province. He very generously presented to the writer his entire collections comprising 327 specimens of 51 species, four of these being new records for the Maritime Provinces and two others being new for Nova Scotia. In the annotated list of species below these new records are indicated as follows: New records for the Maritime Provinces are indicated by a double asterisk (**). Records which are new for Nova Scotia only, are indicated by a single asterisk (*). A better representation of the widely distributed northern genus Somatochlora whould have been expected in a collection of this size made from the territory covered, in view of the fact that at least eight species are known to occur in thls territory. The reasons for their escaping capture is doubtless due, in part, to the restricted habitat occupied by many of the species, and in part to the difficulty of collecting specimens.

Seasonal occurrence and feeding habits of black marlin, Istiompax indica, around Yonaguni Island, southwestern Japan

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamaki Shimose ◽  
Kotaro Yokawa ◽  
Hirokazu Saito ◽  
Katsunori Tachihara
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence

scholarly journals Seasonal occurrence of Japanese pygmy octopus Octopus parvus in the intertidal zone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Yamate ◽  
Takumi Ohya ◽  
Toshifumi Wada ◽  
Takeshi Takegaki
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Intertidal Zones ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Traditional Fishing

AbstractThe Japanese pygmy octopus Octopus parvus is a small octopus that occurs commonly along the coast of southern Japan, and is caught using traditional fishing methods. To date, however, there have been no studies on the ecology of this species. In this study, we investigated the annual seasonal occurrence of O. parvus in the intertidal zone of Fukue Island, Nagasaki, Japan, and examined the growth, maturation, and feeding habits of this octopus. We accordingly found that the octopus inhabits the intertidal zone of the study site from August to January, during which time it appears to move from the high to low intertidal zone, and subsequently migrates to the subtidal zone. During low tide at night in the intertidal zone, we observed that the octopuses actively captured and fed on prey, such as fish, crabs, hermit crabs, shrimp, snails, and bivalves. Both males and females were found to be characterized by similar body sizes and growth, although gonadal development occurs relatively earlier in males. However, any mating or brooding behaviors were not observed during the course of the study. Our observations thus indicate that O. parvus uses intertidal zones as feeding grounds for rapid growth and maturation, and may thereafter move to the subtidal zone for spawning.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal distribution of the fish Synodontis schall (Teleostei: Mochokidae) in Asa lake,Ilorin, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
pp. 1061-1066
Author(s):  
P A Araoye
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Successful Adaptation ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Spatio,temporal distribution of Synodontis scha!l in Asa lake was studied for 24 months (March 1991 to February 1993). Distribution of individual was: 28.40 % (surface), 35.60 % (shore), and 36.0 % (bottom). Catches wilhin lhe habitat were nOl significantly differen!. Similarly catches within lhe habitats during the periods of wet (May lO October) and dry (November lO April) seasons were nOl significanlly differen!. There was seasonal occurrence of lhe fish al the bottom because the catches from lhis habitat in October (4.80 to 9.10%) and November (0.00 lO 8.70%), corresponding with the period of fiood and high water levels, were relatiyely low due lO feeding and reproductive phenomena. Although catch was inversely proportional to lhe water levels, this was not significant in this experimental gil! net catches. Synodontis schall was caught throughout lhe sam, pling period indicating its successful adaptation wílhin lhe environment due to low predatíon and its díverse feeding habits

scholarly journals Contribution to the ecological management of the seed chalcid wasp Eurytoma plotnikovi Nikol’skaya (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) in pistachio orchards

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
D. Lykouressis ◽  
D. Perdikis ◽  
A. Biba
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Ecological Management ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Chalcid Wasp

Aspects related to the management of the pistachio seed wasp Eurytoma plotnikovi Nikol’skaya (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), were investigated. E. plotnikovi has internal feeding habits. However, the external appearance of the fruits could be used to distinguish between infested and uninfested fruits, since fruits partly blackish or brownish and shriveled had higher infestation levels than those without any discolouration. The adult emergence from the fruits was completed within a short period of 12 days, from the middle until the end of May. This pest overwinters as larva inside the mummified fruits. The application of sanitation measures for the control of this pest was experimentally investigated. The results showed that no adults emerged from fruits that were buried in the soil but also from those that remained on the soil surface during winter. Thus, it seems that there is no need for burying them by tillage under the soil as it had been proposed. This result might be essential in the wider adoption of this method in the management of this pest.

Seasonal occurrence and maturation of Triaenophorus nodulosus (Pallas, 1781) (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) in the Pike Esox lucius L. of Llyn Tegid

Parasitology ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 53 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 419-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Chubb
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Constant Number ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Genital Development ◽  
Triaenophorus Nodulosus

1. An account is given of the seasonal occurrence and maturation of Triaenophorus nodulosus, based on the examination of the worms from 104 pike taken in Llyn Tegid from December 1957 to October 1959.2. The plerocercoids of T. nodulosus were found in the livers of the perch of Llyn Tegid. Infective plerocercoids were found throughout the year, and it is considered that invasion of the pike, also, occurred throughout the year.3. The annual cycle of maturation of T. nodulosus described by other workers is confirmed. Currently, five arbitrary stages of maturity were recognized, and the incidence of each of these stages during each month of the investigation is given. During June to September the worms were of plerocercoid-form, from October to December genital development occurred and the first eggs were observed in the uteri in December. Egg liberation was at a peak from April to May, and by June the population of matured worms was lost.4. A non-linear relationship was found between the length of the pike and the numbers of worms occurring in the intestines of these fish. This phenomenon was related to the feeding habits of the pike; the medium-sized most heavily infected pike were eating the largest number of the perch containing the plerocercoids.5. It was found that although invasion of the pike by plerocercoids of T. nodulosus occurred throughout the year, there was no increase in the numbers of worms in the pike intestines, to a maximum, at any time of the year, rather there was a more or less constant number of worms in pike of given length at all times of the year. It is suggested, therefore, that a dynamic equilibrium exists between gain of plerocercoids and loss of worms from the pike intestines at all times.6. Factors affecting the change from plerocercoid to a mature worm are discussed. It is suggested that an experimental approach is needed.I am grateful to the Welsh Land and Agricultural Sub-Commission for permission to net Llyn Tegid, and to Captain G. H. A. Boyle of the Sub-Commission for his help in the capture of the pike. I also wish to thank Professor R. J. Pumphrey in whose Department this work was carried out, Dr P. M. Sheppard for statistical analyses, Dr J. W. Jones and Mr S. Prudhoe (British Museum, Natural History) for discussion of the manuscript. The work was carried out during the tenure of a Department of Scientific and Industrial Research studentship.

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