REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION IN ARCTIC SPECIES OF GYNAEPHORA HÜBNER (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE)

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wm. Dean Morewood
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Arctic Species ◽  
Gynaephora Groenlandica ◽  
Cross Attraction

The genus Gynaephora Hübner (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) is represented in North America by two closely related species, Gynaephora groenlandica (Wocke) and Gynaephora rossii (Curtis), whose geographic distributions overlap broadly across the Canadian arctic archipelago (Ferguson 1978; Møllgaard and Morewood 1996). Like other lymantriid moths, females of these species fly little, if at all, whereas males are strong fliers and apparently rely on pheromones to locate mates. Cross-attraction has been observed but there is no confirmed evidence that the two species interbreed. This report describes experiments designed to document reproductive isolation of G. groenlandica and G. rossii at Alexandra Fiord, Ellesmere Island (78°53′N, 75°55′W).

The Natural Groups of Species in the Genus Ips De Geer (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in North America

1963 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 508-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Hopping
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Related Species ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
Group Relationships ◽  
Natural Groups

AbstractThe genus Ips is one of four closely related genera in the tribe Ipini, sub-tribe Ipina (De Geer 1775, Balachowsky 1949, Nunberg 1954, Hopping 1963). There are now 32 species of Ips recognized in North America, with a few more as yet undescribed. This paper defines the groups of closely related species with observations on the group relationships of species from other parts of the world. Work is in progress to define the North American species in each group.

Reproductive isolation between two closely related species of the Queensland fruit fly Dracus tryoni (Frogg) and D. neohumeralis Hardy (Diptera : Tephritidae) I. Variation in humeral callus pattern and the occurrence of intermediate colour forms in the wild

1967 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wolda
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Similar Variation ◽  
In The Wild

A number of samples from wild populations of the Queensland fruit fly, Dacus tryoni and D. neohumeralis, were studied. There is a considerable variation in the colour pattern on the humeral callus. This variation is continuous so that any criterion for distinguishing between "intermediates" and "good species" is purely arbitrary. It was found in areas where D. neohumeralis does not occur as well as in localities where it is very abundant. By whatever criterion one defines intermediates, there appears to be no relation between the frequency of such forms and the presence or absence of D. neohumeralis or with the relative proportions of the two species in the population. However, flies with only a very small yellow area on an otherwise brown humeral callus were found only in Cairns where D. neohumeralis is usually the most abundant species. A similar variation in humeral callus pattern was found in other related species, such as D. kraussi and D. halfordiae. It is concluded that the intermediate colour forms may not be hybrids between D. tryoni and D. neohumeralis but variants of D. tryoni and, possibly the darker forms from Cairns, of D. neohumeralis.

scholarly journals Contact-Chemosensory Evolution Underlying Reproductive Isolation in Drosophila Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosei Sato ◽  
Daisuke Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Premating Isolation ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Neural Activities

The main theme of the review is how changes in pheromone biochemistry and the sensory circuits underlying pheromone detection contribute to mate choice and reproductive isolation. The review focuses primarily on gustatory and non-volatile signals in Drosophila. Premating isolation is prevalent among closely related species. In Drosophila, preference for conspecifics against other species in mate choice underlies premating isolation, and such preference relies on contact chemosensory communications between a female and male along with other biological factors. For example, although D. simulans and D. melanogaster are sibling species that yield hybrids, their premating isolation is maintained primarily by the contrasting effects of 7,11-heptacosadiene (7,11-HD), a predominant female pheromone in D. melanogaster, on males of the two species: it attracts D. melanogaster males and repels D. simulans males. The contrasting preference for 7,11-HD in males of these two species is mainly ascribed to opposite effects of 7,11-HD on neural activities in the courtship decision-making neurons in the male brain: 7,11-HD provokes both excitatory and inhibitory inputs in these neurons and differences in the balance between the two counteracting inputs result in the contrasting preference for 7,11-HD, i.e., attraction in D. melanogaster and repulsion in D. simulans. Introduction of two double bonds is a key step in 7,11-HD biosynthesis and is mediated by the desaturase desatF, which is active in D. melanogaster females but transcriptionally inactivated in D. simulans females. Thus, 7,11-HD biosynthesis diversified in females and 7,11-HD perception diversified in males, yet it remains elusive how concordance of the changes in the two sexes was attained in evolution.

A giant Permian fusulinid from east-central Alaska with comparisons of all giant fusulinids in western North America

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin H. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Related Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
East Central ◽  
West Texas ◽  
Species Groups

The discovery of a new locality yielding giant Guadalupian (Lower Permian) fusulinids in east-central Alaska extends the range of these forms much farther north than previously known, and into a tectonostratigraphic terrane from which they previously had not been reported. The number of areas from which giant parafusulinids are known in North America is thus raised to eight. Three of these localities are in rocks that previously had been referred to the allochthonous McCloud belt arc, and one, West Texas, is known to have been part of Paleozoic North America. Comparison of species from all areas suggests that there are two closely related species groups: one represented in Texas and Coahuila, and the other represented in Sonora, northern California, northeastern Washington, southern and northern British Columbia, Alaska, and apparently in Texas. These groups may differ because they are of slightly different ages or because interchange between the faunas of Texas–Coahuila area and the other regions was somewhat inhibited during the Early Permian.

The career and disappearance of Hans K.E. Krüger, Arctic geologist, 1886–1930

Polar Record ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (171) ◽  
pp. 277-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Barr
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Royal Canadian Mounted Police ◽  
West Greenland

ABSTRACTOn 19 March 1930 the German geologist, Hans K.E. Krüger, accompanied by a Dane, Åge Rose Bjare, and an Inughuk, Akqioq (the latter driving their dog sledge) set off westwards from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police post at Bache Peninsula, Ellesmere Island; two support sledges, driven by Inughuit, escorted them. It appears to have been Krüger's intention to study the geology of the coasts of the outer islands of the Canadian Arctic archipelago and to carry out soundings of the continental shelf and slope. The two support sledges turned back at Depot Point, Eureka Sound. Krüger, Bjare, and Akqioq were never seen again. This article reviews Krüger's background, his preparations for the expedition (which included two summers of field work in West Greenland and a wintering in northwest Greenland), and the extensive searches mounted by the RCMP in 1931 and 1932. Finally, it analyzes the evidence provided by three messages left by Krüger and subsequently recovered, with a view to making an educated guess as to the fate of the expedition.

Whole-Rock Rb/Sr Ages of Metamorphic Rocks from Northern Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. I. The Gneiss Terrain between Ayles Fiord and Yelverton Inlet

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sinha ◽  
Thomas Frisch
Keyword(s):  
Regional Metamorphism ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Fold Belt ◽  
Late Precambrian

The first Precambrian ages from the Northern Ellesmere Fold Belt are reported. Six rocks from the largest gneiss terrain in northern Ellesmere Island yield a Late Precambrian age (minimum 742 ± 12 m.y.) of regional metamorphism. Relatively high initial 87Sr/86Sr suggests that the rocks were derived from crustal materials.

Relocation of Alona manueli Sinev & Zawisza 2013 and a new closely related species from the Ecuadorian Andes to the new genus Alpinalona (Cladocera, Chydoridae, Aloninae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4350 (3) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIGUEL ALONSO ◽  
ARTEM Y. SINEV
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Related Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Head Pores ◽  
Lateral Head

Alpinalona gen. nov. is described for two species found in high altitude localities of continental North America and South America: Alona manueli (Sinev & Zawisza, 2013) from the Neovolcanic Mexican Axis and Alpinalona cajasi gen. et sp. nov from El Cajas National Park (Ecuador). The new genus is separated from Hexalona and allies by the absence of limb VI and filter plate V;  from Anthalona, Coronatella and the elegans-group by having seven setae on exopodite III, and by the presence of a well-developed seta 1 on the IDL of limb III; from Alona s. str. (quadrangularis-group) and Ovalona, by two main head pores, lateral head pores located close to main pores, and by a bilobed exopodite V; from Ovalona by the presence of seta (i) and inner setae 2–3 on limb I, and setae 4–5 of exopodite III being of same size; and from Alona s. lato by weakly developed marginal denticles of postabdomen, clusters of thin setulae on ventral surface of limb I, and by plumose setae 5–6 of exopodite IV. Alpinalona cajasi sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from A. manueli by the following characteristics: prominent posterodorsal angle of carapace; broader headshield; longer PP distance; and postanal marginal denticles organized into groups.  

Origin of iron-oxide and silicate melt rocks in Paleogene sediments of southern Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Nunavut

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1005-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Piepjohn ◽  
Solveig Estrada ◽  
Lutz Reinhardt ◽  
Werner von Gosen ◽  
Harald Andruleit
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Volcanic Origin ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
Unconsolidated Sand

Between Vendom Fiord and Makinson Inlet on southern Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Nunavut, isolated and fault-bounded Early Tertiary basins are exposed. The basin deposits are Paleocene to Eocene in age and overlie unconformably folded Ordovician and Silurian carbonates of the Paleozoic Franklinian Basin that were affected by intense, pre-Paleocene weathering and karstification in places. The Tertiary sediments consist mainly of dark unconsolidated sand and silt and are interbedded with many centimetre- to metre-thick coal seams. In several places, round orange and red "spots" occur within the dark grey Tertiary basin fills and are clustered on top of the dark grey Tertiary occurrences. The "spots" are up to 100 m in diameter and consist of consolidated burnt shards of clay or clinker. In the centre of the reddish "spots," dark, massive, and partly high-magnetic lava- or slag-like rocks are poorly exposed as masses that are a decimetre or less in scale. These rocks were investigated using thin section studies, as well as X-ray diffraction and X-ray flourescence analyses. The melt rocks are composed of glass, cordierite-group minerals, hematite, magnetite, tridymite, mullite, and cristobalite. They represent paralavas resulting from subsurface combustion of the Tertiary coal seams under conditions similar to those in a blast furnace. An origin by anthropogenic activity or a volcanic origin can be ruled out.

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