scholarly journals Budgeting in small manufacturing firms in South Africa

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
J. C. Ford ◽  
M. Lurie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Executive Officers ◽  
Accounting Reports ◽  
And Control

This paper reports on a general investigation into budgeting in small manufacturing firms in South Africa. The study was undertaken using 18 semi-formal interviews and 175 questionnaires addressed to the Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) of small manufacturing firms in six industry sectors in the greater Johannesburg region. The 63 usable responses (a response rate of 36%) were analysed using the SAS statistical package. Several results and conclusions were reached. A wide range of budgetary processes and procedures are used by small manufacturing firms. Budgeting is short-term, informal, simple and flexible, and is considered an essential element of management. There is room for much improvement in certain areas of budgeting. Although accounting reports are perceived to be adequate, CEOs may lack the necessary knowledge to develop more effective reporting systems. The degree of budgeting used is probably influenced by the nature of the business, and the background and training of the CEO. CEOs are completely involved in budgeting, but there is little participation by managers and staff. The major benefits of budgeting are perceived to be its use in planning and control, particularly of cash, and the major problems relate to the uncertainty of future conditions.

scholarly journals Leadership or luck? Randomization inference for leader effects in politics, business, and sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. eabe3404
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Berry ◽  
Anthony Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Quantitative Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Randomization Inference ◽  
Executive Officers ◽  
Sports Coaches

Anecdotal evidence suggests that some leaders are more effective than others but observed differences in outcomes between leaders could be attributable to chance variation. To solve this inferential problem, we develop a quantitative test of leader effects that provides more reliable inferences than previous strategies, and we implement the test in the settings of politics, business, and sports. We find significant effects of political leaders, particularly in nondemocracies. We find little evidence that chief executive officers influence the performance of their firms. In addition, we find clear evidence that sports coaches matter for a wide range of outcomes in football, basketball, baseball, and hockey.

scholarly journals An empirical analysis of construction organisations’ competitive strategies and performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luqman Oyekunle Oyewobi ◽  
Abimbola Oluwakemi Windapo ◽  
Rotimi Olabode Bamidele James
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Financial Performance Measures ◽  
Executive Officers

Purpose – The essence of strategy formulation is to assist an organisation obtain a strategic fit with its environment and help enhance organisational continuous improvement in achieving performance excellence. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the type of competitive strategies used by construction organisations in attaining their strategic goals in South Africa. Design/methodology/approach – The study employs an inductive research approach using a well-structured questionnaire to elicit information from large construction organisations based in South Africa. Findings – The research identifies five strategic attributes that could assist organisations to grow their businesses and enhance their returns. It reveals that all Porters’ generic competitive strategies are significantly related to organisational financial performance measures except focus strategy. The research found that three generic competitive strategies are positively related to non-financial performance and that differentiation and cost-leadership strategies are capable of assisting organisations’ achieve their financial performance goals. Practical implications – The study results will be of immense benefit to chief executive officers as well as managers of construction organisations in growing their businesses and enhancing their corporate performance. Originality/value – The paper contributes both theoretically and empirically to the current discussion and findings on competitive strategy and its relationship with organisational performance. The results presented in the paper have important implications for the implementation of competitive strategies in construction companies and future studies in the area of strategic management.

How Chief Executive Officers in Large Organizations View the Management of their Information Systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Pervan
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
It Infrastructure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Executive Officers ◽  
Management Issues

As part of a research programme on key information systems (IS) management issues, a survey of Australasia's largest organizations was conducted to identify which issues were perceived by their chief executive officers (CEOs) as being important, problematic and critical over the next 3–5 years. The results reported are based on a moderate response rate (though perhaps reasonable for the target group) but formal testing showed an absence of non-response bias. The most critical issues were revealed to be a mix of technology management issues (managing and measuring the effectiveness of the information technology (IT) infrastructure, and disaster recovery), strategic management issues (business process redesign, competitive advantage, and information architecture), people and support management issues (organizational learning, and executive and decision support) and systems development and data management issues (effective use of the data resource and effectiveness of software development). This reflects their interest in a wide range of issues, but all with an organization-wide focus. The non-critical issues were mostly related to the individual technologies and the place and role of IS in the organization. While the CEOs showed some agreement with their chief information officers (CIOs) on issues such as the IT infrastructure, competitive advantage and organizational learning, some distinct differences exist, particularly in relation to the quality and effectiveness of systems and processes and also how CEOs and CIOs perceive the IT knowledge of the CEOs.

scholarly journals “SHOULD I STAY OR SHOULD I GO?”: A MULTIPLE-CRITERIA GROUP DECISION-MAKING APPROACH TO SME INTERNATIONALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 876-899
Author(s):  
Miguel S. M. Rosário ◽  
Fernando A. F. Ferreira ◽  
Amali Çipi ◽  
Guillermo O. Pérez-Bustamante Ilander ◽  
Nerija Banaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Problem Structuring ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Executive Officers

Due to domestic markets’ current economic conditions, companies increasingly feel that they need to become actively involved in international trade. However, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) typically face financial and intellectual constraints during internationalization processes. This means that decision makers must consider a wide range of different variables before deciding to internationalize firms. This study sought to integrate a well-established problem structuring method (i.e., cognitive mapping) and a multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) technique (i.e., Decision EXpert (DEX)) in order to develop a decision model suitable for the identification and assessment of variables influencing SME internationalization capability. Using data collected during face-to-face meetings with a panel of experts (i.e., SME entrepreneurs and chief executive officers (CEOs)), a constructivist method of evaluating SME internationalization capability was created and tested using real data. The results confirm that the dual methodology adopted facilitates the development of a robust evaluation model that can improve decisionmaking processes in the context in question. Specifically, the proposed model identifies product features as the most important factor in SME capability for successful internationalization. In addition, internal factors are significantly more relevant than external factors. The integrated use of cognitive mapping and DEX provides decision makers with a well-informed perspective on SME internationalization capability. We know of no prior research reporting the use of these two methodologies in the SME internationalization context.

scholarly journals Financial management roles of nurse managers in selected public hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nellie Naranjee ◽  
Thembelihle S.P. Ngxongo ◽  
Maureen N. Sibiya
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Management Roles ◽  
Executive Officers

Background: The public health sector in South Africa has been facing severe financial cutbacks and financial constraints in recent times. The nurse manager (NM) is faced with the task of managing and reducing expenditure in the nursing sector without compromising the quality care. This requires skills and understanding of financial management.Aim: This study aimed to explore the financial management roles of NMs and to identify financial management development needs necessary for NMs’ practice.Setting: The study was conducted in KwaZulu-Natal. A total of eight hospitals from the five health districts were included.Methods: The study used the naturalistic paradigm with a constructivist grounded theory approach. Interviews were used to initially gather data from six NMs who were purposively selected. Theoretical sampling was used to further recruit financial managers, chief executive officers, assistant nurse managers and operational managers. The final sample consisted of 18 participants.Results: Financial management of the hospitals is the primary function of the financial managers and the chief executive officers. However, the role of NMs extends to the performance and participation in various activities relating to the financial functioning of the hospital. These include financial planning, financial monitoring, financial decision-making and financial control.Conclusion: Nurse managers have a financial management function in public health care organisations but lack the necessary skills, knowledge and competencies to function in this role and require additional training. Recommendations included that a competency framework be developed to improve the financial management competencies of NMs.

scholarly journals Goals of Community Colleges in Canada A 1987 Perspective

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
John D. Dennison ◽  
John S. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Community Colleges ◽  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
College Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Executive Officers ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Community colleges in Canada are characterized by diversity with respect to their relations with the government, the scope and range of their programs, and the ways in which they respond to societal needs. Nevertheless, the colleges all share a commitment to providing access to a wide range of individuals who need educational opportunities beyond secondary school. This study examines the goals of community colleges in Canada as perceived by two key groups - chief executive officers, and government personnel in each province who are responsible for college development. The prime purpose was to determine the degree to which these individuals agree on the rating and ranking of their goals and the variations which exist among the provincial systems. The results indicate that provincial college systems have continued to emphasize the goals which characterized their early development and reflect the differences in priorities which occur by province. While the two groups showed a high level of agreement in each region, a range of priorities existed within each group. In general, the study provided a restatement of the diversity of ways in which Canada's colleges are attempting to contribute to the economic, sociocultural, and educational development of the nation.

scholarly journals Organizational structure and CEO dominance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schumacher
Keyword(s):  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Character Trait ◽  
Span Of Control ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Chief Operating Officer ◽  
Quarterly Earnings ◽  
Executive Officers ◽  
And Control

AbstractWe explore the effects of chief executive officers’ (CEOs’) personal dominance—an idiosyncratic character trait strongly associated with a desire for influence and control—on two fundamental organizational design decisions: the CEO’s span of control (1) and her delegation of responsibilities as reflected in the appointment of a chief operating officer (COO) (2). Linking three original measures of CEO dominance based on quarterly earnings calls with manually collected data on span of control and COO positions for a sample of CEOs presiding over large US corporations, we demonstrate that CEOs who are high in dominance have a significantly larger personal span of control and delegate fewer decision rights than less-dominant CEOs. We discuss implications of our findings and future questions from an organizational design perspective.

Effect of leadership styles on organizational commitment and performance in small- and medium-sized enterprises in Iraqi Kurdistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Karwan Hamasalih Qadir ◽  
Mehmet Yeşiltaş
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Executive Officers

Since 2003 the number of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has increased exponentially in Iraqi Kurdistan. To facilitate further growth the owners and chief executive officers of these enterprises have sought to improve their leadership skills. This study examined the effect of transactional and transformational leadership styles on organizational commitment and performance in Iraqi Kurdistan SMEs, and the mediating effect of organizational commitment in these relationships. We distributed 530 questionnaires and collected 400 valid responses (75% response rate) from 115 SME owners/chief executive officers and 285 employees. The results demonstrate there were positive effects of both types of leadership style on organizational performance. Further, the significant mediating effect of organizational commitment in both relationships shows the importance of this variable for leader effectiveness among entrepreneurs in Iraqi Kurdistan, and foreign entrepreneurs engaging in new businesses in the region.

scholarly journals Toward a Working Model of Leadership in Nonprofit Sport Governance

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian O’Boyle ◽  
David Shilbury ◽  
Lesley Ferkins
Keyword(s):  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Working Model ◽  
Executive Officers ◽  
Scholarly Discourse

The aim of this study is to explore leadership within nonprofit sport governance. As an outcome, the authors present a preliminary working model of leadership in nonprofit sport governance based on existing literature and our new empirical evidence. Leadership in nonprofit sport governance has received limited attention to date in scholarly discourse. The authors adopt a case study approach involving three organizations and 16 participant interviews from board members and Chief Executive Officers within the golf network in Australia to uncover key leadership issues in this domain. Interviews were analyzed using an interpretive process, and a thematic structure relating to leadership in the nonprofit sport governance context was developed. Leadership ambiguity, distribution of leadership, leadership skills and development, and leadership and volunteerism emerged as the key themes in the research. These themes, combined with existing literature, are integrated into a preliminary working model of leadership in nonprofit sport governance that helps to shape the issues and challenges embedded within this emerging area of inquiry. The authors offer a number of suggestions for future research to refine, test, critique, and elaborate on our proposed working model.

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