COMPARISON OF GRAIN YIELD AND WHOLE-PLANT SILAGE PRODUCTION OF RECOMMENDED CORN HYBRIDS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. VATTIKONDA ◽  
R. B. HUNTER
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
The Relationship

A 2-yr study was conducted at Elora and Brucefield, Ont. to examine the relationship between grain yield following grain physiological maturity and whole-plant dry matter (DM) yield and quality determined at the stage desirable for ensiling. Quality parameters analyzed include in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVD) of the stover, IVD of the whole plant, stover lignin content and stover protein content. There was a significant linear relationship between the performance of hybrids for grain yield production and their yield for silage production. However, the relationship was not complete enough to permit reliable selection of hybrids for silage production based on grain yield performance (coefficients of determination were 0.23 and 0.25 for Elora and Brucefield, respectively). Grain dry matter content, however, provided a satisfactory estimate of whole-plant maturity for silage production. Coefficients of determination between grain DM content and whole-plant DM content were 0.71 and 0.53 for Elora and Brucefield, respectively. There was considerable variation among hybrids for lignin content and IVD of stover. Differences were much less for whole-plant IVD. The findings of this study support the need for separate evaluation trials for corn grown for whole-plant silage production as opposed to grain production.Key words: Zea mays, corn silage, grain yield, hybrid performance

scholarly journals Evaluation of corn cultivars harvested at two cutting heights for ensilage

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamilton Caetano ◽  
Mauro Dal Secco de Oliveira ◽  
José Esler de Freitas Júnior ◽  
Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo ◽  
Francisco Palma Rennó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fiber Digestibility ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Cutting Height

The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics, bromatological-chemical composition and digestibility of 11 corn cultivars (Zea mays) harvested at two cutting heights. Cultivars D 766, D 657, D 1000, P 3021, P 3041, C 805, C 333, AG 5011, FO 01, CO 9621 and BR 205 were evaluated when they were harvested 5 cm above ground (low) and 5 cm below the insertion of the first ear (high). The experiment was designed as random blocks, with three replicates, arranged in an 11 x 2 factorial scheme. Cultivars presented similar productions of forage dry matter and grains. Percentages of stalk, leaf, straw, cob and kernel fractions were different among cultivars, as well as dry matter content of the whole plant at harvest. Considering the whole plant, only the contents of gross energy, nitrogen in neutral detergent fiber, and in vitro neutral and acid detergent fiber digestibility did not differ among cultivars. Increase on the cutting height improved forage quality due to the reduction of stalk and leaf fractions and contents of cell wall constituents.

YIELD, QUALITY AND DEVELOPMENT OF FORAGE MAIZE AS INFLUENCED BY DATES OF PLANTING AND HARVESTING

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. FAIREY
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Heat Units ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Yield Quality

The effects of dates of planting and harvesting on yield, quality and development of forage maize were investigated in a 3-yr study. Treatments studied were all possible combinations of five planting dates, spaced at 2-weekly intervals from late April to mid-June, and three harvest dates (mid-September, early and mid-October). Between early May and mid-June, each 1-day delay in seeding resulted, on average, in a 1% reduction in whole-plant digestible dry matter yield. In vitro dry matter digestibility was not significantly affected by date of harvesting but was reduced progressively from 66 to 63% as the date of planting was delayed. Although grain content varied from 0 to 50% of whole-plant dry matter, it had little effect on the in vitro digestibility of forage maize, which only ranged from 62 to 68%, when whole-plant dry matter contents were acceptable for direct ensiling. During the grain-filling period (450–1600 corn heat units after mid-silking), whole-plant dry matter content (%) was linearly related to accumulated corn heat units (r2 = 0.83***); each 1% increase in dry matter content requiring an input of 40 corn heat units. Thus, using information on the date of mid-silking and daily air temperature records (long-term or current), it is possible to predict the date (average or actual) when whole-plant DM content reaches any desired magnitude for harvesting.Key words: Quality, planting date, harvest date, maize, corn, development

scholarly journals Functional Traits of Olive Varieties and Their Relationship with the Tolerance Level towards Verticillium Wilt

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
Martina Cardoni ◽  
Jesús Mercado-Blanco ◽  
Rafael Villar
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Tolerance Level ◽  
Olive Varieties

Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO), caused by the soil-borne pathogen Verticillium dahliae, is considered one of the most important diseases affecting this tree crop. One of the best VWO management measures is the use of tolerant cultivars. Remarkably, no information is available about olive functional traits and their potential relationship with tolerance to V. dahliae. Twenty-five selected functional traits (for leaf, stem, root and whole plant) were evaluated in six olive varieties differing in their VWO tolerance level to identify possible links between this phenotype and functional traits’ variation. High intervarietal diversity was found among cultivars and several functional traits were related with VWO tolerance. Tolerant varieties showed higher leaf area, dry matter content (leaf, stem and plant) and mass fraction for stems, but lower for leaves. Significant differences were also detected for root functional traits, tolerant cultivars displaying larger fine root diameter and lignin content but smaller specific length and area of thick and fine roots. Correlations were found among functional traits both within varieties and between levels of tolerance/susceptibility to VWO. Associations were observed between biomass allocation, dry matter content and VWO tolerance. The most relevant difference between tolerant and susceptible cultivars was related to root system architecture.

scholarly journals Near-infrared Spectroscopy for Rapid Estimation of Dry Matter Content in Whole Unpeeled Potato Tubers

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trygve Helgerud ◽  
Vegard H. Segtnan ◽  
Jens P. Wold ◽  
Simon Ballance ◽  
Svein H. Knutsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
External Reference ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Processed Potatoes

<p>The dry matter is one of the main quality parameters of raw and processed potatoes. In the present study, the potential of utilizing high throughput commercially available NIR interactance systems for dry matter determination in whole unpeeled potato tubers is investigated. The performance of a 2D NIR interactance instrument was compared with that of a 1D NIR interactance instrument and a traditional underwater weight apparatus. A total of 114 tubers were assessed individually with both of the NIR instruments (760-1040 nm), the underwater weight and an external reference method (freeze drying). The 1D interactance instrument obtained better prediction results than what the 2D instrument could achieve (R<sup>2</sup>=0.95, RMSECV=0.91, and R<sup>2</sup>=0.83, RMSECV=1.65, respectively). The underwater weight obtained the highest explained variance (R<sup>2</sup>=0.97), but the estimation was biased by approximately 1.5% (by weight). The poorer prediction performance of the 2D NIR interactance system can be partly explained by the lower penetration depths of the light compared to the 1D NIR interactance systems.</p>

scholarly journals Nutritional value of tifton 85 bermudagrass at two cutting heights and different times of storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 2129
Author(s):  
Samantha Mariana Monteiro Sunahara ◽  
Marcela Abbado Neres ◽  
Jaqueline Rocha Wobeto Sarto ◽  
Caroline Daiane Nath ◽  
Kácia Carine Scheidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cutting Height

The goal of this study was to assess the dehydration curve and nutritional value of Tifton 85 bermudagrass at two cutting heights from ground level (4 and 8 cm) during 120 days of storage in a closed shed. The dehydration curve was determined using samples from the entire plant at eight different times. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with plots subdivided per times and five replicates. The second step consisted of assessing the nutritional value of the stored Tifton 85 bermudagrass in randomized blocks with plots subdivided per times and two treatments per plot: cutting height of four and eight centimeters from the ground, and five different times for the subplots, with five replicates. Dehydration of Tifton 85 bermudagrass at the two heights occurred in 48 hours, considered an ideal time for hay drying. The dry matter content responded quadratically to the time of storage of the two heights, only differing during baling and after 120 days of storage. Crude protein content had a quadratic behavior in the two cutting heights, with the smallest value after 30 days of storage (107.0 g kg-1) and the largest after 90 days (147.8 g kg-1) in the cutting height of eight centimeters. The ether extract exhibited a quadratic behavior in the two cutting heights, only differing after 90 days of storage. The neutral detergent fiber content had linear positive response according to the time of storage, with no difference between the cutting heights. For the neutral detergent fiber content in the two cutting heights, the quadratic regression model was the best fit to the data, differing between the heights after 30 and 60 days of storage. In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro cell wall digestibility values of the stored hay were lower than the values obtained at the time of cutting. Cutting performed at four centimeters from the ground was the most suitable for hay production due to higher dry matter production and nutritional value without difference between bailing treatments. Hay storage caused undesirable changes in the nutritional value, especially in fiber content and in vitro digestibility.

scholarly journals Influence of Genotype, Site, and Year on Maize Nutritive Value – Yield Relationships

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
J. Hakl ◽  
R. Loučka ◽  
J. Jirmanová ◽  
V. Jambor
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Maize Genotype

Abstract Maize genotype selection represents a practical tool influencing forage yield and quality. The main objective was to investigate the contribution of genotype, site, and year to variability of maize yield and quality in the environment of Central Europe. Totally 63 maize genotypes at 11 sites over a 7-year period were evaluated for dry matter yield (DMY), dry matter content (DM), starch, cob, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), in situ digestibility of stover NDF (NDFD), and organic matter (OMD). The genotype showed the highest variability from all factors where stover NDFD varied from 261 to 529 g kg-1 and stover OMD from 376 to 609 g kg-1. In contrast to the whole-plant, variability of stover traits was more closely related to NDF than the DM content. Under standardized plant DM, all tested factors were significant and allowed interpretation of 70 and 60% of total variation of yield and quality for stover and whole plant, respectively. The average contributions of genotype, site, and year were 30, 7, and 5%, respectively. For variability in plant productivity and nutritive value, the importance of maize genotype selection was more than two times higher than the contribution of environment.

Relationship between intake of silage and its chemical composition and in vitro digestibility

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
DC Brown ◽  
JC Radcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Lactic Acids

Twenty experimental silages were made from seven pasture species at different stages of maturity. In vivo dry matter, organic matter, and energy ad libitum intakes and digestibilities of the silages were determined with standardized pairs of Merino wethers. The following chemical characteristics of the silages were measured: nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total titratable acids, acetic, propionic, butyric, and lactic acids, total volatiles lost during oven drying, lactic acid as a percentage of the total organic acids, pH, acid pepsin dry matter disappearance, dry matter content, and in vitro digestibility and rate of digestion. When all 20 silages were considered, energy intakes on a body weight basis were significantly related to silage pH (r = 0.55) and rate of in vitro digestion (r = 0.58). When the five legume silages were removed from the analysis and only the 15 grass-dominant silages were considered, dry matter intakes were significantly related to acetic (r = –0.57) and propionic acid (r = –0.55) concentrations. Multiple regression analyses did not significantly increase the accuracy of predicting intake. The results suggested that silage intake was negatively related to the degree of fermentation that occurred during the ensiling process.

Effect of particle size on in vitro fermentation of silages differing in dry matter content

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 ◽  
pp. 197-197
Author(s):  
R. Sanderson ◽  
S.J. Lister ◽  
A. Sargeant ◽  
M.S. Dhanoa
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size

The objectives of this study were a) to examine the effect of particle size and silage dry matter (DM) content on the rate and pattern of fermentation of fresh silages in vitro as an aid to modelling the in vivo situation and b) to compare the rate and pattern of fermentation of fresh silage samples with those obtained for freeze-dried material.

scholarly journals A model describing the relationship between electrical conductivity and forage dry matter content

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-364
Author(s):  
Gilad Ashbell ◽  
Evert Evers ◽  
Ate H. Bosma
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
The Relationship

The correlation between dry matter (DM) content, electrical conductivity (EC) and ash content was found to be linear in grass and alfalfa during drying. While minerals in grass and alfalfa were very stable components during drying, their concentrations and EC increase accordingly; therefore, the EC value could serve as a measurement to determine DM content. Results indicated that EC measurement in grass and alfalfa during drying was simple, accurate, fast and easily repeatable, and could serve as an alternative method for DM determination.

scholarly journals Yield and nutritional value of BRS Capiaçu grass at different regrowth ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
Marco Aurélio Moraes Soares Costa ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueria ◽  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

The objective was to evaluate the productivity, chemical composition, ruminal degradability of dry matter and digestibility of BRS capiaçu grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) managed at five regrowth ages. A completely randomized design with ten replications was used in the BRS capiaçu elephant grass subjected to five cutting intervals (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days) in the summer, making a total of 50 plots with a useful area of 4 x 2 m. There were daily increases in the dry matter production in the order of 382 kg ha-1, with 49,859 kg ha-1 being produced at 150 regrowth days. The dry matter content and organic matter linearly increased (P < 0.01) at different regrowth ages. The crude protein content, in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber linearly reduced (P < 0.01) 0.037%, 0.196% and 0.256% per day, respectively. Potential degradability of dry matter decreased from 68.9% at 30 days to 44.7% at 150 regrowth days (0.194 percentage units per day). The rate of degradation of fraction B 'c' was not modified (P = 0.94), averaging 1.46% hour-1. In the cultivation of BRS capiaçu elephant grass in the summer season, in the northern region of Minas Gerais, the age for harvesting between 90 and 120 days of regrowth is recommended.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document