Cropping, soil type and manure application effects on phosphorus export and bioavailability

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Michaud ◽  
M. R. Laverdière
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Rainfall Simulation ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Soil P ◽  
High Level

A simulated rainfall study was conducted on an array of 36 runoff plots (6 m2 each) deployed on three benchmark soil series of the Missisquoi region in southwestern Québec. The split-plot experimental design tested the effects and interactions of pig slurry treatment as main plots (check vs. 59 kg P ha-1) and cropping (tilled vs. hay) as subplots, on runoff volume and concentrations in total suspended sediment (TSS), tot al phosphorus (TP), dissolved reactive soluble P (DRP), particulate P (PP) and bioavailable P (BioP). TP concentration in runoff ranged from a low of 1.17 mg L-1 average on non-amended Bedford hay, to a peak concentration average of 9.55 mg L-1 on manured and tilled Saint-Sébastien plots. Variance analysis indicated significant contributions of treatments in explaining TP concentration in runoff as follows: Soil type effect > Cropping effect > Soil × Cropping interaction > Manure effect. Erosion and sediment transport processes were identified as prime vectors of TP export . Manure effect alone accounted for 35% of overall DRP variability, while soil type alone accounted for 70% of variability in particulate P bioavaibility (BioP/PP). Among practical implications of this study is the importance of assessing PP bioavaibility to adequately predict the adverse impact of runoff on aquatic ecosystems. The high level of interaction among cropping and manure treatment and the site- specific influence of soil physical and chemical properties also calls for a holistic approach to nonpoint P risk assessment and management, that focusses on timely manure P management, control of soil P build-up and agricultural practices minimizing surface runoff. Key words: Phosphorus, P-index, rainfall simulation, runoff, erosion, bioavailability, sediment

scholarly journals Changes in some chemical properties of inceptisol soil and growth of maize (Zea mays L.) due to durian skin compost and SP36 fertilizer

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Anggra Purma Tarigan ◽  
Supriadi ◽  
Alida Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
High Level

Inceptisol is a widely enough soil and has many obstacles to use as agricultural field, some of the constraints are; Low level of the organic content, soil acidity, high level of Al saturation and low CEC hance this land cause a lower productivity. increasing its productivity by giving organic material compost which is durian skin compost and SP36 fertilizer.This research is aimed to know the change of some chemical properties of Inceptisol soil and growth of corn plant (Zea mays L.) due to composting of durian skin and SP36 fertilizer. This study was conducted by using Randomized Block Design (RBDs) method with two replications consisting of thirty two treatments. The treatments divided in two addition fertilizer durian skin compost (B) and SP36 (P) fertilizer consisting of; 0 g / polybag (B0), 12.5 g / polybag (B1), 25 g / polybag (B2), 37.5 g / polybag (B3), 0 g / polybag (P0), 0,25 g / polybag (P1), 0,50 g / polybag (P2), 0.75 g / polybag (P3), and their interactions. The results showed that durian skin compost significantly affected the carbon content on soil, and SP36 fertilizer had significant effect on soil P level, and both interaction had significant effect on the height of plant.

scholarly journals A holistic approach to the productivity paradox

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Rune Wigblad ◽  
John Lewer ◽  
Magnus Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Management Control ◽  
New Order ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Psychological Reactions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
Working Day ◽  
Or Organization

Both the public and private sectors have since the 1980s relentlessly cut the size of their workforces. The downsizing has regularly been reported to lead to closure of a whole or a part of a corporation or organization. Some studies which have analyzed the closures have reported that remarkable, counterintuitive improvements in labor productivity occurred during the time-period between the closure announcement and the final working day. Testing an elaborated cybernetic model on a Swedish case study, and on an exploratory basis, this paper proposes a holistic approach to generate a better understanding of this phenomenon. The main holistic pattern is a new order where management control is replaced by more “Self-management” on the plant level, and very strong psychological reactions based on feelings of unfairness.

Recent trends in carbon nanotubes based prostate cancer therapy: A biomedical hybrid for diagnosis and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Murugesan ◽  
Sureshkumar Raman
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
High Level

: At present treatment methods for cancer are limited, partially due to the solubility, poor cellular distribution of drug molecules and, the incapability of drugs to annoy the cellular barriers. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) generally have excellent physio-chemical properties, which include high-level penetration into the cell membrane, high surface area and high capacity of drug loading by in circulating modification with bio-molecules, project them as an appropriate candidate to diagnose and deliver drugs to prostate cancer (PCa). Additionally, the chemically modified CNTs which have excellent 'Biosensing' properties therefore makes it easy for detecting PCa without fluorescent agent and thus targets the particular site of PCa and also, Drug delivery can accomplish a high efficacy, enhanced permeability with less toxic effects. While CNTs have been mainly engaged in cancer treatment, a few studies are focussed on the diagnosis and treatment of PCa. Here, we detailly reviewed the current progress of the CNTs based diagnosis and targeted drug delivery system for managing and curing PCa.

scholarly journals On the Use of Rotary-Wing Aircraft to Sample Near-Surface Thermodynamic Fields: Results from Recent Field Campaigns

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temple Lee ◽  
Michael Buban ◽  
Edward Dumas ◽  
C. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Field Campaigns ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rotary Wing

Rotary-wing small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) are increasingly being used for sampling thermodynamic and chemical properties of the Earth’s atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) because of their ability to measure at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Therefore, they have the potential to be used for long-term quasi-continuous monitoring of the ABL, which is critical for improving ABL parameterizations and improving numerical weather prediction (NWP) models through data assimilation. Before rotary-wing aircraft can be used for these purposes, however, their performance and the sensors used therein must be adequately characterized. In the present study, we describe recent calibration and validation procedures for thermodynamic sensors used on two rotary-wing aircraft: A DJI S-1000 and MD4-1000. These evaluations indicated a high level of confidence in the on-board measurements. We then used these measurements to characterize the spatiotemporal variability of near-surface (up to 300-m AGL) temperature and moisture fields as a component of two recent field campaigns: The Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment in the Southeast U.S. (VORTEX-SE) in Alabama, and the Land Atmosphere Feedback Experiment (LAFE) in northern Oklahoma.

Characterization of a Spray-Dried Soymilk Powder and Changes Observed During Storage

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Osthoff ◽  
A. Hugo ◽  
P. van Wyk ◽  
M. de Wit ◽  
S. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
High Level

Physical characterization of a soymilk powder was carried out by electron microscopy. Chemical characterization was analyzed by proximate analysis, mineral composition by atomic absorption spectrometry, fatty acid composition by gas chromatography and protein composition by electrophoresis. The powder consists of large granules of 60—80 μm, which may be hollow, with smaller granules of 10—20 μm attached to them. Powder particles are covered by a layer of fat. During storage at 25 °C fat is spreading over the surface, while at —12 °C the fat is contracting. This change affected chemical stability, resulting in high level of fat oxidation when stored at 4 °C or 25 °C as well as a decrease in unsaturated fatty acids. Storage also affected the chemical properties of the re-constituted soymilk; the pH of a 12% soy powder suspension increased from 6.68±0.05 to 7.06±0.08 after 12 months of storage. Storage temperature did not affect the pH of the suspension and this change could also not be ascribed to protein aggregation.

Programming Hypothesis on Life Phenomena and the Key Processes Simulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 258-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ma ◽  
Shu Yan Li ◽  
Yi De Ma
Keyword(s):  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Programming Models ◽  
Life Process ◽  
Human Dna ◽  
Evolution Of Life ◽  
Control Chemical ◽  
C Value ◽  
Life Phenomena ◽  
High Level

The formula that life process follows is a major scientific mystery during centuries. Some people put programming thoughts into this field like Gates brought the idea that “Human DNA is like a computer program but far, far more advanced than any software we’ve ever created”[1]. Here we proposed a more specific hypothesis on this topic as that DNA is a set of p-code[2] and the enzymes which control chemical reactions and transport processes in cell metabolism are the basic instructions. Based on this hypothesis, some program models were developed successfully in this work to simulate the key processes of life phenomena: gene expression, cell division and differentiation, and life evolution. The results of these simulations show that there is a high level of similarity between life phenomena and computer programs; the process of cell differentiation and evolution of life can be explained in a programming way. These models also suggest that reflection technology[3, 4] is essential to life process. Besides, C-value paradox, N-value paradox[5] and pseudogene as well as some other biological problems could be also explained by these programming models. These conclusions imply that life phenomena are consistent with the concept of “process” in computer fields.

scholarly journals Practice of indigenous knowledge system by the farmers in maintaining ecosystem in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafizur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Knowledge System ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Organizational Participation ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge System ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge Systems ◽  
High Level ◽  
Moderate User ◽  
Rural Appraisal

The main focus of the study was to identify the indigenous knowledge system being used by the rural men in farming and household activities and also to examine its extent. Data were collected from Poba upazila under Rajshahi district and Gabtoli upazila under Bogra district in Bangladesh from 125 randomly selected rural men out of total population of 1,145 from 15 February to 14 May, 2009. The fifty potential indigenous knowledge systems were identified through participatory rural appraisal prior to finalizing the schedule. The findings reveal that greater proportion of rural men were illiterate, middle aged categories, small farmer category, medium agricultural and environmental knowledge category, high level farming experience, medium cosmopoliteness, medium communication exposure, no organizational participation and moderately favorable category. Among the 50 identified indigenous knowledge systems, ?Setting up bamboo sticks, branches of trees etc., in rice fields to let the birds sit and eat away insects? reached the highest extent of use by the farmers in agricultural practices. ?Soaking boro rice seeds in water for 1-3 days before sowing in the bed for rapid germination?, ?Drying mature bottle gourds (Lagenaria vulgaris) in the sun and storing the seeds inside without rupturing the fruits? and ?Keeping rice seedlings under shed for 1-2 days before transplanting for the purpose of increasing tolerance? took the 2nd, 3rd and 4th position regarding the extent of use. Considering farmers? practicing category, the highest proportion (47.2%) of the respondents belonged to the low user as compared to 39.2% in the moderate user and 13.6% in the high user. Recommendations were forwarded to the extension specialists, researchers and administrators to undertake desk and experimental research concerning indigenous knowledge systems.

scholarly journals Rekomendasi Pemupukan Fosfor dan Potasium berdasarkan Analisis Hara Tanah pada Tanaman Sayuran

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Lutfi Izhar ◽  
Anas D. Susila
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Low K

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p><br />Vegetables are important agricultural commodities. Productivity of vegetables in Indonesia is still low. One effort that can be done is an application of specific fertilizer recommendations. Fertilizer recommendation based on soil analysis is still rarely for vegetable crops and need further development. The purpose of this paper is to describe some fertilizer recommendations based on soil analysis for vegetable crops. Three stages to consider in the assessment of the research such as soil incubation, correlation test, calibration test and fertilizer <br />recommendation statue. Application all this stages of soil method recommendation in Indonesia is still not widely applied. Two researches which were completed until the entire stage has been done for yard long beans and <br />tomatoes. Recommendations for tomatoes on Inceptisols soil type with very low nutrient status of soil K was 180 kg K2O ha- 1, a low K soil nutrient status was 131.4 kg K2O ha-1, soil K nutrient status was 82.2 kg K 2O ha-1. Yard <br />long bean that planted on Ultisol soil type with low soil P nutrient status was recommended by an application of 185.8 kg P2O5 ha-1, medium soil P nutrient status was added 174.9 kg P2O5 ha-1. Development of fertilizer recommendation based on soil testing to support agricultural development in Indonesia still has some problems and need some strategies for further research, application and dissemination in the future.</p><p>Key words: vegetables, soil test, fertilizer recommendation</p>

scholarly journals Willingness to Adopt the Recommended Practices of Organic Turmeric among Kandhamal Farmers of Odisha

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Asish Panigrahi ◽  
Satarupa Modak ◽  
Chitrasena Padhy
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Healing Property ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Chemical Inputs ◽  
High Level

Turmeric Cultivation is one of livelihood for the Kondh tribes of Kandhamal District of Odisha. These farmers were cultivating this crop with their traditional knowledge of crop practices without any intervention of chemical inputs. From the studies, it is found that farmers of the district were economically and educationally backward. Turmeric of Kandhamal is well known for its healing property, color, aroma etc. and received GI tag for its unique features. From the secondary data it was found that there were few public and private extension actors trying to promote organic recommended package of practices for Turmeric.  And, to boost willingness among farmers towards recommended organic Turmeric various socio-economic variables might be responsible. In this view the present study was carried out (2020-21) in Kandhamal district of Odisha to understand attitude towards recommended organic Turmeric and socio-economic variables effecting willingness to adopt organic package of practices of Turmeric. It was found that turmeric growers had medium to high level of willingness to adopt the recommended agricultural practice. And among selected socio-economic variables respondent’s total family member, Members help in family farming and adult male had negative and significantly relationship with willingness to adopt the recommended agricultural practices of organic turmeric. Private extension actors and State Horticulture Department training were continually motivating them to adopt recommended agricultural practices of organic turmeric. 

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