scholarly journals Cancer-selective therapy of the future: Apoptin and its mechanism of action

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subbareddy Maddika ◽  
Francisco J. Mendoza ◽  
Kristin Hauff ◽  
Christina R. Zamzow ◽  
Ted Paranjothy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
The Future ◽  
Selective Therapy

scholarly journals Electronic Nose, Tongue and Eye: Their Usefulness for the Food Industry

Revista Vitae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Ordoñez-Araque ◽  
Johnny Rodríguez-Villacres ◽  
Julio Urresto-Villegas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
Main Components

Background: The electronic nose, tongue, and eye are futuristic technologies that have been used for many years; they have been gaining market in different types of industries and can increasingly be found in the food area; their function is to determine sensory characteristics (smell, aroma, and flavor) and objective visuals, without the subjectivity that can be represented by sensory analysis by people (the study that can complement the analysis of machines, without being exclusive). Objectives: Find the main generalities of these mechanisms, their sensors, software, mechanism of action, and applications within the food industry. Methods: A search was carried out in the main databases of indexed articles, with terms that allowed collecting the necessary information, and 89 articles were used that met different inclusion criteria. Results: The main outcomes were to understand the operation of each of these technologies, what their main components are, and how they can be linked in the beer, wine, oil, fruit, vegetable, dairy, etc. industry to determine their quality, safety, and fraud. Conclusions: The use of electronic nose, tongue, and eye is found in more food industries every day. Its technology continues to evolve; the future of sensory analysis will undoubtedly apply these mechanisms due to the reliability, speed, and reproducibility of the results.

Pharmacological Management of Insomnia

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-117
Author(s):  
Karl Doghramji
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Management Challenge ◽  
Selection Of

Insomnia has posed a management challenge for patients and clinicians for centuries. Historically, a variety of compounds have been utilized for the treatment of this common malady, with many of them associated with unwanted side effects. Over the past few decades, however, a variety of agents have emerged for treatment of insomnia with improved safety profiles. This chapter reviews these agents, with attention to their pharmacokinetic profile, mechanism of action, and other, clinically relevant characteristics. It also discusses a rational approach in the selection of each agent to optimize the treatment of insomnia. The chapter closes with a look toward the future of the pharmacological management of insomnia.

Osteoarthritis

2018 ◽  
pp. 265-276
Author(s):  
Gavin Clunie ◽  
Nick Wilkinson ◽  
Elena Nikiphorou ◽  
Deepak R. Jadon
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Holistic Management ◽  
Emerging Therapies ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Landscape

This chapter describes the epidemiology, aetiopathogenesis, presenting features, clinical manifestations, and management of osteoarthritis. Commonly used investigations for osteoarthritis, their indication, and interpretation are described. A summary of the commonly used drugs for the treatment of osteoarthritis, their mechanism of action, and key points for starting are included. Non-pharmacological holistic management is also discussed. Exciting emerging therapies that could change the future landscape of osteoarthritis management are introduced.

scholarly journals PO-028 Advances in Research on Exercise-Mediated miRNAs Regulating White Fat Browning

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Runzi Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Negative Regulation ◽  
Physiological Significance ◽  
Human Obesity ◽  
Human Cell Culture ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
White Fat

Objective In this paper, we reviewed the positive and negative regulation of miRNAs on white fat browning and the effects of exercise on miRNAs and white fat browning, and explored the mechanism and physiological significance of miRNAs on white fat browning, and prospecting white fat browning. Prospects provide experimental researchers with new research ideas and provide potential methods for the prevention and treatment of obesity and metabolic related diseases. Methods Through the literature data method, 110 articles were reviewed. Finally, 75 papers (including 69 English papers) were used to analyze the research progress of exercise-mediated miRNAs regulating white fat browning, and provide new models for experimenters. Research ideas. Results  The analysis found that only a small number of miRNAs have a mechanism of action on white fat browning. In the future, the mechanism of action of other miRNAs on white fat browning should be further studied. The research on the effects of exercise on miRNAs is still in its infancy. There are few studies on the effects of exercise on white fat browning, and there is controversy. In the future, it is necessary to clarify the effects of different exercise modes on the regulation of white fat browning by miRNAs. Mechanism and physiological significance.In summary, miRNAs are closely related to the process of white fat browning, miRNAs can regulate the transcription of brown genes, and miRNAs have positive and negative regulation of white fat browning. However, the mechanism of action of only a small number of miRNAs on white fat browning has been elucidated (as shown in Figure 1), and the mechanism of action of other miRNAs on white fat browning should be further studied in the future. It is worth noting that the current studies on the browning of white fat by miRNAs have only been verified in animal experiments and human cell culture, and the exact mechanism of action in humans remains to be further verified. In terms of disease, RNA-based therapy has entered clinical trials, and further exploration of the function of miRNAs in white and brown adipose tissue will be a new treatment to help humans treat obesity and its subsequent complications. In addition, research on the effects of exercise on miRNAs is still in its infancy. There are few studies on the effects of exercise on browning of white fat, and there is controversy. In the future, it is necessary to clarify more different ways to induce miRNAs to regulate white fat browning. The mechanism of action and physiological significance make the research system in this field more perfect, and find as many miRNAs as possible to effectively intervene in obesity, promote brown fat production and white fat browning, and prevent and treat human obesity and metabolic abnormal diseases. Conclusions In summary, miRNAs are closely related to the process of white fat browning, miRNAs can regulate the transcription of brown genes, and miRNAs have positive and negative regulation of white fat browning. However, the mechanism of action of only a small number of miRNAs on white fat browning has been elucidated (as shown in Figure 1), and the mechanism of action of other miRNAs on white fat browning should be further studied in the future. It is worth noting that the current studies on the browning of white fat by miRNAs have only been verified in animal experiments and human cell culture, and the exact mechanism of action in humans remains to be further verified. In terms of disease, RNA-based therapy has entered clinical trials, and further exploration of the function of miRNAs in white and brown adipose tissue will be a new treatment to help humans treat obesity and its subsequent complications. In addition, research on the effects of exercise on miRNAs is still in its infancy. There are few studies on the effects of exercise on browning of white fat, and there is controversy. In the future, it is necessary to clarify more different ways to induce miRNAs to regulate white fat browning. The mechanism of action and physiological significance make the research system in this field more perfect, and find as many miRNAs as possible to effectively intervene in obesity, promote brown fat production and white fat browning, and prevent and treat human obesity and metabolic abnormal diseases.

scholarly journals The pursuit of mechanism of action: uncovering drug complexity in TB drug discovery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianao Yuan ◽  
Joshua M. Werman ◽  
Nicole S. Sampson
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
The Future

The tools that have been successfully employed to understand the mechanism of action of TB therapeutics are discussed to offer insights into the future of mechanistic assessment in M. tuberculosis.

International determination of the total motion of the pole

1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Future

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).

Status of the Lick Proper Motion Program

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
A. R. Klemola
Keyword(s):  
Proper Motion ◽  
The Future

Second-epoch photographs have now been obtained for nearly 850 of the 1246 fields of the proper motion program with centers at declination -20° and northwards. For the sky at 0° and northward only 130 fields remain to be taken in the next year or two. The 270 southern fields with centers at -5° to -20° remain for the future.

Some Structural Features of Metaphase Chromosomes of Mice and Men

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
Betty B. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Of Mice And Men ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Human And Mouse

Metaphase chromosomes from human and mouse cells in vitro are isolated by micrurgy, fixed, and placed on grids for electron microscopy. Interpretations of electron micrographs by current methods indicate the following structural features.Chromosomal spindle fibrils about 200Å thick form fascicles about 600Å thick, wrapped by dense spiraling fibrils (DSF) less than 100Å thick as they near the kinomere. Such a fascicle joins the future daughter kinomere of each metaphase chromatid with those of adjacent non-homologous chromatids to either side. Thus, four fascicles (SF, 1-4) attach to each metaphase kinomere (K). It is thought that fascicles extend from the kinomere poleward, fray out to let chromosomal fibrils act as traction fibrils against polar fibrils, then regroup to join the adjacent kinomere.

Freeze-fracture cytochemistry: A goal set by Russell Steere in 1957

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 60-61
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Severs
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Membrane Biology ◽  
Routine Application ◽  
The Future ◽  
Freeze Etching

In his pioneering demonstration of the potential of freeze-etching in biological systems, Russell Steere assessed the future promise and limitations of the technique with remarkable foresight. Item 2 in his list of inherent difficulties as they then stood stated “The chemical nature of the objects seen in the replica cannot be determined”. This defined a major goal for practitioners of freeze-fracture which, for more than a decade, seemed unattainable. It was not until the introduction of the label-fracture-etch technique in the early 1970s that the mould was broken, and not until the following decade that the full scope of modern freeze-fracture cytochemistry took shape. The culmination of these developments in the 1990s now equips the researcher with a set of effective techniques for routine application in cell and membrane biology.Freeze-fracture cytochemical techniques are all designed to provide information on the chemical nature of structural components revealed by freeze-fracture, but differ in how this is achieved, in precisely what type of information is obtained, and in which types of specimen can be studied.

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