scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Gut Bacterial Flora of Honeybee (Apis Mellifera Adansonii) From Some Selected Apiaries in Ogun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-608
Author(s):  
E.O. Oladipupo-Alade ◽  
O.A. Lawal ◽  
I.O. Oyewo ◽  
I.E. Odiaka ◽  
N.O. Haastrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Environmental Biology ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Apis Mellifera Adansonii

Research related to physiology and pathology of honey bees in particular Apis mellifera adansonii has attracted a lot of attention. The present study is aimed to determine honeybee (Apis mellifera adansonii) gut microbiome from Apiary in Olabisi Onabanjo University and Osoba Avenue Odo-Epo, Odogbolu Local Government. Twenty (20) honeybees workers (A. mellifera) were collected into a small vile containing sugar powder from the apiary located in OOU and Osoba Avenue at Odo-Epo during rainy season in July and transported to Zoology and Environmental Biology laboratory in OOU and kept in ice-cubes (-50C) till daybreak. Standard microbiological analysis for isolation of bacteria was used, adopting Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute procedures. The phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rDNA gene were further used to characterize the organism in order to establish  relationships among them. The results showed microbiota of the studied samples includes; Cedeca davisae, Cronobacter  dublinensis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Kluyvera cryocrescens, Klebsiella oxytoca, Providencia vermicola, Salmonella enteric, Providencia alcalifaciens, Serratia nematodiphila, Pseudomonas plecoqlossicida, Klebsiella michiganensis, Serratia marcenscens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila and Enterobacter asburiae. Klebsiella spp. was more abundant and prominent in the digestive guts of honeybee workers both in OOU and Osoba Avenue, Odo Epo. The result of the percentage identity and closest accession of the isolates revealed that, Enterobacter aerogenes had the closest accession number and with highest percentage identity of (99%). The findings from this study showed that microbiota component communities of A. mellifera adansonii in OOU were composed of more Gram-negative bacteria than Gram-positive bacteria in Odo Epo.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY OF HONEYBEE (APIS MELLIFERA ADANSONII) IN IJEBU ENVIRONAS REVEALED BY SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT (SSR) MARKERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Mistura Temitope Adeleke ◽  
Oladunni Nimota Adekunle ◽  
Folarin Ojo Owagboriaye ◽  
Adebola Olayemi Odeseye ◽  
Kemi Sarah Oyedele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Apis Mellifera Adansonii ◽  
Simple Sequence

Honeybee Apis mellifera adansonii, dominant honey producing species in Nigeria was subjected to genetic variability studies using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) in other to provide the baseline data in Nigeria. Nine (9) Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) primers were used to assess the genetic diversity in Two (2) worker bees each collected from 22 colonies found in the four apiaries in Ijebu environs of Ogun State. Data collected were subjected to analysis and results showed that six (6) out of nine primers produced 80 reproducible, polymorphic bands while the remaining three (3) were monomorphic. Gene diversity (H ) in total population and magnitude of differentiation among T populations (FST) was 0.430 and 0.340, respectively. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) partitioned the total genetic variation as 70% within, 30% among populations. The cluster analysis showed that Ipari-Oke 3 and Odo-Epo 1-8 populations diverged from others which showed they are closer in genetic distances while Ipari-Oke 1 and Odo-Epo 2-5 were newly observed subcluster which represents another subspecies. In conclusion, genetic variations existed amongst the honey worker bees populations in Ogun State.

Антимікробна резистентність провідних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів у Києві (Україна)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
A.G. Salmanov ◽  
A.V. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
E Coli

Мета роботи — вивчити резистентність до антибіотиків бактеріальних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів (ІСШ), виділених у пацієнтів урологічного стаціонару в м. Києві. Матеріали і методи. Досліджено 1612 штамів бактерій, виділених із сечі хворих з ІСШ (цистит, уретрит, пієлонефрит), госпіталізованих в урологічне відділення ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України» у м. Києві протягом 2016 р. Серед пацієнтів переважали жінки — 1201 (74,5 %). Вік хворих становив від 17 до 74 років. Для збору даних використано медичну документацію лікарні. Мікробіологічні дослідження виконано у лабораторії мікробіології ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України». Аналізували результати культурального дослідження зразків сечі, зібраних за наявності клінічних ознак ІСШ. Дослідження клінічного матеріалу та інтерпретацію отриманих результатів проводили загальноприйнятими методами. Вивчено чутливість уропатогенів до 31 антибіотика дискодифузійним методом відповідно до рекомендацій Інституту клінічних та лабораторних стандартів США (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)). Результати та обговорення. Аналіз мікробного спектра сечі виявив домінування серед уропатогенів штамів Escherichia coli (32,0 %), Enterococcus faecalis (19,5 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,9 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8,9 %), S. haemolyticus (6,5 %) та Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6,4 %). Частка Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter aerogenes і Streptococcus viridans становила відповідно 2,5, 2,2 і 1,6 %, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus vulgaris та Providencia rettgeri — менше 1,0 %. У більшості випадків (69,7 %) мікроорганізми виділено у монокультурі, у решті випадків — у мікробних асоціа- ціях. Високу резистентність до тестованих антибіотиків виявили штами E. aerogenes (45,1 %), E. cloacae (45,7 %), E. faecium (40,9 %), E. faecalis (40,7 %), E. coli (39,9 %), P. aeruginosa (34,0 %), K. pneumoniae (28,6 %). Найбільш активними до уропатогенів були іміпенем (E. coli — 87,6 %, P. aeruginosa — 75,7 %, E. cloacae — 67,3 %, E. aerogenes — 72,6 %, K. pneumoniae — 93,2 %), меропенем (E. coli — 89,1 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, K. pneumoniae — 82,6 %), лефлоцин (E. coli — 74,5 %, ентерококи — 78,7 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, E. cloacae — 73,9 %, E. aerogenes — 80,4 %, K. pneumoniae — 83,5 %), амоксицилін/клавуланат (ентерококи — 84,6 %), фурагін (ентерококи — 82,6 %), цефоперазон (K. pneumoniae — 89,2 %, P. aeruginosa — 73,8 %), цефтріаксон (K. pneumoniae — 80,1 %). Висновки. Антибіотикорезистентність збудників ІСШ — важлива терапевтична проблема. Найбільшою активністю до уропатогенів характеризуються іміпенем, меропенем, лефлоцин, амоксицилін/ клавуланат, фурагін, цефоперазон, цефтріаксон, які можна розглядати як препарат вибору для призначення стартової терапії ІСШ. Необхідно здійснювати постійний моніторинг за резистентністю до дії антибіотиків. Політику використання антибіотиків у кожному стаціонарі слід визначати залежно від локальних даних щодо резистентності до протимікробних препаратів.

Isolation of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from Clinical Samples in Some Hospitals in Shiraz, Iran

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Majid Baserisalehi ◽  
Samira Zarezadeh ◽  
Majid Baserisalehi ◽  
Saeed Shoa
Keyword(s):  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Phenotypic Methods

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging pathogenic non-fermentative Gram-negative Bacillus species. It has caused many nosocomial infections and can be isolated from various hospital wards and healthcare facilities. Research has shown that most of its strains are inherently resistant to many antibiotics and have multidrug resistance. This research intended to determine its occurrence frequency at some Hospitals in shiraz, Iran. The present study was conducted in six months (from early spring to late summer 2019). Clinical samples (Blood, Urine and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)) collected from 120 patients afflicted with various infections. The samples were transferred to the Laboratory and subjected to microbiological analysis. Identification of the isolates was carried out by phenotypic methods and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates verified using molecular methods. In total, various bacteria were isolated from 84 clinical samples. The isolates were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was isolated from 17 (20.2%) positive samples and most of them were isolated from blood samples. Our finding indicated that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated more from blood samples follow by CSF sample. In addition, our finding illustrated that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia can be considered as the common nosocomial agent at hospitals in Shiraz, Iran.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of 0.66% Povidone-Iodine Eye Drops on Ocular Surface Flora before Cataract Surgery: A Nationwide Microbiological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2198
Author(s):  
Rosario Musumeci ◽  
Pasquale Troiano ◽  
Marianna Martinelli ◽  
Matteo Piovella ◽  
Claudio Carbonara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Contralateral Eye

A multicenter, nonrandomized, prospective, controlled study was conducted to evaluate, as perioperative prophylactic treatment, the anti-infective effectiveness of 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops (IODIM®) against the bacterial flora of the conjunctival surface of patients who undergo cataract surgery. Eye drops containing 0.66% povidone-iodine were applied to the eye undergoing cataract surgery; the untreated contralateral eye was used as control. One hundred and twenty patients set to receive unilateral cataract surgery were enrolled in 5 Italian Ophthalmology Centers and pretreated for three days with 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops. The contralateral eye, used as control, was left untreated. Conjunctival swabs of both eyes were collected at the baseline visit and after three days of treatment, just before the cataract surgery. A qualitative and quantitative microbiological analysis of bacterial presence was evaluated by means of bacterial culture, followed by identification. Methicillin resistance determination was also performed on staphylococci isolates. Bacterial load before and after treatment of the eye candidate for cataract surgery was evaluated and compared to the untreated eye. A reduction or no regrowth on the culture media of the bacterial load was observed in 100% of the study subjects. A great heterogenicity of bacterial species was found. The 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops, used for three days prior to cataract surgery, were effective in reducing the conjunctival bacterial load. The 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops (IODIM®) might represent a valid perioperative prophylactic antiseptic adjuvant treatment to protect the ocular surface from microbial contamination in preparation of the surgical procedure.

scholarly journals Description of Klebsiella spallanzanii sp. nov. and of Klebsiella pasteurii sp. nov

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Merla ◽  
Carla Rodrigues ◽  
Virginie Passet ◽  
Marta Corbella ◽  
Harry A. Thorpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Average Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

AbstractKlebsiella oxytoca causes opportunistic human infections and post-antibiotic haemorrhagic diarrhoea. This Enterobacteriaceae species is genetically heterogeneous and is currently subdivided into seven phylogroups (Ko1 to Ko4, Ko6 to Ko8). Here we investigated the taxonomic status of phylogroups Ko3 and Ko4. Genomic sequence-based phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that Ko3 and Ko4 formed well-defined sequence clusters related to, but distinct from, Klebsiella michiganensis (Ko1), Klebsiella oxytoca (Ko2), K. huaxiensis (Ko8) and K. grimontii (Ko6). The average nucleotide identity of Ko3 and Ko4 were 90.7% with K. huaxiensis and 95.5% with K. grimontii, respectively. In addition, three strains of K. huaxiensis, a species so far described based on a single strain from a urinary tract infection patient in China, were isolated from cattle and human faeces. Biochemical and MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry analysis allowed differentiating Ko3, Ko4 and Ko8 from the other K. oxytoca species. Based on these results, we propose the names Klebsiella spallanzanii for the Ko3 phylogroup, with SPARK_775_C1T (CIP 111695T, DSM 109531T) as type strain, and Klebsiella pasteurii for Ko4, with SPARK_836_C1T (CIP 111696T, DSM 109530T) as type strain. Strains of K. spallanzanii were isolated from human urine, cow faeces and farm surfaces, while strains of K. pasteurii were found in faecal carriage from humans, cows and turtles.Accession numbersThe nucleotide sequences generated in this study were deposited in ENA and are available through the INSDC databases under accession numbers MN091365 (SB6411T = SPARK775C1T), MN091366 (SB6412 T = SPARK836C1T) and MN104661 to MN104677 (16S rRNA), MN076606 to MN076643 (gyrA and rpoB), and MN030558 to MN030567 (blaOXY). Complete genomic sequences were submitted to European Nucleotide Archive under the BioProject number PRJEB15325.AbbreviationsANI, average nucleotide identity; HCCA, a-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid; isDDH, in silico DNA-DNA hybridization; SCAI, Simmons citrate agar with inositol; MALDI57 ToF MS: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry

scholarly journals Relebactam Is a Potent Inhibitor of the KPC-2 β-Lactamase and Restores Imipenem Susceptibility in KPC-Producing Enterobacteriaceae

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina M. Papp-Wallace ◽  
Melissa D. Barnes ◽  
Jim Alsop ◽  
Magdalena A. Taracila ◽  
Christopher R. Bethel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Piperidine Ring ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Site Water

ABSTRACT The imipenem-relebactam combination is in development as a potential treatment regimen for infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae possessing complex β-lactamase backgrounds. Relebactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor that possesses the diazabicyclooctane core, as in avibactam; however, the R1 side chain of relebactam also includes a piperidine ring, whereas that of avibactam is a carboxyamide. Here, we investigated the inactivation of the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase KPC-2, the most widespread class A carbapenemase, by relebactam and performed susceptibility testing with imipenem-relebactam using KPC-producing clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae . MIC measurements using agar dilution methods revealed that all 101 clinical isolates of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae ( K. pneumoniae , Klebsiella oxytoca , Enterobacter cloacae , Enterobacter aerogenes , Citrobacter freundii , Citrobacter koseri , and Escherichia coli ) were highly susceptible to imipenem-relebactam (MICs ≤ 2 mg/liter). Relebactam inhibited KPC-2 with a second-order onset of acylation rate constant ( k 2 / K ) value of 24,750 M −1 s −1 and demonstrated a slow off-rate constant ( k off ) of 0.0002 s −1 . Biochemical analysis using time-based mass spectrometry to map intermediates revealed that the KPC-2–relebactam acyl-enzyme complex was stable for up to 24 h. Importantly, desulfation of relebactam was not observed using mass spectrometry. Desulfation and subsequent deacylation have been observed during the reaction of KPC-2 with avibactam. Upon molecular dynamics simulations of relebactam in the KPC-2 active site, we found that the positioning of active-site water molecules is less favorable for desulfation in the KPC-2 active site than it is in the KPC-2–avibactam complex. In the acyl complexes, the water molecules are within 2.5 to 3 Å of the avibactam sulfate; however, they are more than 5 to 6 Å from the relebactam sulfate. As a result, we propose that the KPC-2–relebactam acyl complex is more stable than the KPC-2–avibactam complex. The clinical implications of this difference are not currently known.

Identification of pathogenic bacteria from food handling surfaces (tabletops) from different areas with demonstration of their drug resistance properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anik Paul ◽  
Md. Mahmud Rahma ◽  
Tasnia Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Food Handling ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Esherichia Coli

Foodborne illness is generally caused after consumption of food contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. Food contamination often caused by contact with tabletops or food handling surfaces where the pathogenic microbes are present due to unhygienic condition of people working there and the overall environment of the food serving area. In current study, four areas (local restaurants, fast food shops, university canteens and hospital canteens) were selected for collection of swab sample (per cm2 area) from the tabletops. Five samples from each area were taken for further studies. After microbiological analysis we found ten different types of bacteria (Esherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Klebsiella oxytoca, Corynebacterium xerosis, Staphylococcus aures, Salmonella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa and Alcaligenes fecalis) which are already considered to be pathogenic bacteria causing different health issues in immune-compromised and also in healthy consumers. These bacteria were then subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test using ten antibiotics-Vancomycin (30 µg), Cotrimoxazol (30 µg), Azithromycin (15 µg), Gentamicin (10 µg), Amoxycillin (10 µg), Cephradine (30 µg), Ceftriaxone (30 µg), Cefuroxime (30 µg), Cefoxitin (30 µg) and Tetracycline (30 µg). Bacterial isolates collected from university and hospital canteens showed most resistance towards these antibiotics. Strict maintenance of proper sanitation and hygiene starting from personal aspects to the overall environment of food handling service should be maintained to reduce the food contamination and foodborne disease.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Omadacycline Activity against Clinical Isolates from a Global Collection (North America, Europe, Latin America, Asia-Western Pacific), 2010-2011

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Pfaller ◽  
Michael D. Huband ◽  
Paul R. Rhomberg ◽  
Robert K. Flamm
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococci

ABSTRACT Omadacycline is a broad-spectrum aminomethylcycline in late-stage clinical development for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia as an oral and an intravenous once-daily formulation. In this study, omadacycline and comparators were tested against 69,246 nonduplicate bacterial isolates collected prospectively during 2010 and 2011 from medical centers in Asia-Pacific (11,397 isolates), Europe (23,490 isolates), Latin America (8,038 isolates), and North America (26,321 isolates). Omadacycline was tested by broth microdilution following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M07-A10 (2015) methods. A total of 99.9% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were inhibited by ≤2 μg/ml of omadacycline (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml), including 100.0% of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates and 99.8% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates. Omadacycline potencies were comparable for Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.06 μg/ml), viridans group streptococci (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 μg/ml), and beta-hemolytic streptococci (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 μg/ml) regardless of species and susceptibility to penicillin. Omadacycline was active against Enterobacteriaceae and was most active against Escherichia coli (MIC50/90, 0.5/2 μg/ml), Enterobacter aerogenes (MIC50/90, 2/4 μg/ml), Klebsiella oxytoca (MIC50/90, 1/4 μg/ml), and Citrobacter spp. (MIC50/90, 1/4 μg/ml). Omadacycline was active against Haemophilus influenzae (MIC50/90, 1/1 μg/ml) regardless of β-lactamase status and against Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml). The potent activity of omadacycline against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria indicates that omadacycline merits further study in serious infections in which multidrug resistance and mixed Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections may be a concern.

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