The effects of topical treatment with 5-fluorouracil on potentially malignant lesions of mice oral mucosa

Abstract Introduction: The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) discloses a cure rate greater than 90 percent in potentially malignant lesions of skin. In the oral cavity, these lesions are treat in most cases with practice surgery, which reduces the number of patient involvement by malignant lesions, not being usual treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil in orabase® in potentially malignant lesions of the lingual mucosa in mice. Materials and Methods: Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus) were submitted to carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO), 100 μg/ml in drinking water for 8 weeks, and on developing potentially malignant lesions on the tongue, were treated daily, with topical 5-FU in orabase® at concentrations of 0.5% and 5%, for 3 weeks. The tongues were processed for analysis by light microscopy. Results: Treatment with 5-FU in orabase® was shown to be effective in the histological degree of involution of the epithelial lesions of the tongue in the treated animals (p<0.05). However, when compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the two concentrations (p>0.05). Conclusions: The 5-FU in orabase® was shown to be a feasible therapy in potentially malignant lesions of the oral cavity.

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Human Papillomavirus in Various Lesions of the Head and Neck

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459988509300310 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 342-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Melvin Strauss ◽

A. Bennett Jenson

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Childhood Onset ◽

Oncogenic Potential ◽

Suggestive Evidence ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

Epithelial Lesions

The association of human papillomavirus with benign and malignant epithelial lesions of the head and neck has been studied by a peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique having immunospecificity against genus-specific structural antigens of the papillomaviruses. More than 360 specimen blocks from 144 patients were evaluated. There was evidence of human papillomavirus antigen in three out of eight patients with childhood-onset laryngeal papillomas (37.5%) and in four out of eight patients with adult-onset papillomas (50%). A patient with an unusual flat, wartlike lesion appearing as an oral cavity leukoplakia had detectable papillomavirus antigen in it. None of the 13 cases of inverting papilloma or any of the malignant lesions studied showed evidence for the presence of papillomavirus antigen. There is currently only suggestive evidence for the oncogenic potential of human papillomavirus in the head and neck.

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Evaluation and Quantification of Cytomorphometry in Conjunction with Visual Examination and Exfoliative Cytology in Early Diagnosis of Oral Premalignant and Malignant Lesions

Acta Cytologica ◽

10.1159/000518582 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Vasudha Singh ◽

Mudita Bhargava ◽

Kachnar Varma ◽

Vatsala Misra ◽

Richa Singh

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Accurate Diagnosis ◽

Exfoliative Cytology ◽

Visual Examination ◽

Normal Cytology ◽

Subjective Analysis ◽

Oral Epithelial Dysplasia ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Malignant Lesions

Introduction: Incidence of oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is very high in south Asian countries as compared to western population owing to a greater use of tobacco in these regions. While visual examination and exfoliative cytology are the most common screening and diagnostic modalities at present, it is a subjective analysis. Quantitative analyses such as nuclear size, cell size, and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio may provide an accurate diagnosis and improve reproducibility. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of morphometry as a diagnostic adjunct to exfoliative cytology and to derive a significant cutoff to identify the population at risk for development of SCC among chronic tobacco users. Material and Methods: This was an outpatient-based prospective study done in a tertiary hospital over a period of 2 years. Hundred and fifty cases with a history of chronic tobacco use for a minimum period of 5 years were evaluated. Visual inspection using acetic acid was done. Oral scrapes were taken for cytological and morphometric analysis followed by incision biopsy for histopathological evaluation, wherever possible. Results: On morphometrical analysis, mean nuclear area and nuclear:cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio increased, while the cytoplasmic area decreased from smears with normal cytology to oral dysplasia to SCC. Analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey’s honest significant difference test showed a statistically significant difference among the 3 groups (p value <0.05). A cutoff value for a significant N:C ratio was calculated as ≥0.08 using Youden’s index with a sensitivity and a specificity of 88% and 94%, respectively. Conclusion: In high-risk cases, morphometry can be a useful adjunct to exfoliative cytology and visual examination for an early and accurate diagnosis and timely intervention in oral potentially malignant and malignant lesions, thereby improving the prognosis.

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Detection of human papilloma virus in potentially malignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity and a study of associated risk factors

South Asian Journal of Cancer ◽

10.4103/2278-330x.195337 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 05 (04) ◽

pp. 179-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. R. Bijina ◽

Junaid Ahmed ◽

Nandita Shenoy ◽

Ravikiran Ongole ◽

Suchitra Shenoy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Chi Square ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

Well Differentiated ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Histopathological Grading

Abstract Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is the 6 th most frequently occurring cancer worldwide, with over 400,000 cases projected annually. Multiple factors such as tobacco, alcohol, irradiation, virus, and chronic irritants are involved in the development of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). The most important risk factors are chronic exposure to tobacco and alcohol. Although the evidence that implicates virus is increasing, particularly (human papillomavirus [HPV]), in the carcinogenesis process, the role of virus is not well established. Aim and Objective: This study is designed to assess the presence of HPV in potentially malignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity as well as to correlate the presence of HPV with addictive habits and histopathological grading of the disease. Materials and Methods: Biopsy samples of OSCC and potentially malignant lesions were obtained and 3, 5 μm thickness sections were cut using a microtome. The sections were collected using a sterile brush and transferred to an Eppendorf tube. DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of HPV were done. Results and Conclusion: The association between histopathological grading and presence of HPV was assessed using Chi-square test and the values thus obtained were found to be statistically significant. HPV was more predominantly seen in well-differentiated carcinomas and moderately differentiated carcinomas as compared to poorly differentiated carcinomas.

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Verrucopapillary Lesions of the Oral Cavity: A Review

International Healthcare Research Journal ◽

10.26440/ihrj/0407.10365 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. RV1-RV7

Author(s):

Sana Khaled ◽

Santosh R. Bharadwaj ◽

Bushra Anjum ◽

Satyanarayana D.

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Human Papilloma Virus ◽

Oral Mucosa ◽

Diagnostic Approach ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Papilloma Virus ◽

Histopathological Features ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Malignant Lesions

Verrucopapillary lesions are a spectrum of benign, potentially malignant and malignant lesions of the oral mucosa which usually are misdiagnosed. They pose a great diagnostic challenge mainly due to confusing terminology and also due to similar clinical and histopathological features which often makes these lesions indistinguishable from one another. The human papilloma virus (HPV) plays a important role in the pathogenesis of majority of these lesions. This review aims to summarize and highlight the key clinical and histopathological features of these lesions, and also provides a diagnostic approach to these entities.

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Efficacy of narrow band imaging for detection and surveillance of potentially malignant and malignant lesions in the oral cavity and oropharynx: A systematic review

Oral Oncology ◽

10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.02.002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 413-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

An N. Vu ◽

Camile S. Farah

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Narrow Band ◽

Narrow Band Imaging ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Malignant Lesions

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ROLE OF NARROW BAND IMAGING SYSTEM IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT LESIONS OF ORAL CAVITY

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2016/651 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (57) ◽

pp. 2988-2991

Author(s):

Laveena P Mehta ◽

Yessukrishna Prabhakar Shetty ◽

Sharad B Bhalekar ◽

Yogesh G Dabholkar ◽

Haritosh K Velankar

Keyword(s):

Early Diagnosis ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Imaging System ◽

Narrow Band ◽

Narrow Band Imaging ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Malignant Lesions

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Identification of Candida in Potentially Malignant and Malignant Lesions of the Oral Cavity

Dental Clinical and Experimental Journal ◽

10.5812/dcej.80351 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hamideh Kadeh ◽

Shirin Saravani ◽

Mansoureh Parikhah Zarmehr

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Malignant Lesions

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Knowledge Assessment among the Fourth and Fifth Year Students on the Potentially Malignant Lesions of Oral Cavity

Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine ◽

10.2478/bjdm-2020-0003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 14-20

Author(s):

Sanja Hadžić ◽

Mirjana Gojkov-Vukelić ◽

Enes Pašić ◽

Arma Muharemović ◽

Indira Mujić Jahić

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Oral Mucosa ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

The Difference

SummaryBackground/Aim: Potentially malignant oral lesions (PMOL) are lesions that have an increased risk of malignant transformation concerning healthy oral mucosa. This research aimed to assess the knowledge of students of final years of study on the potentially malignant lesions of the oral cavity.Material and Methods: 120 students of the fourth and fifth years of study participated in this research,60 respondents were fourth-year students, 60 respondents were fifth-year students. All of the respondents signed informed consent.According to the type of research, this is a cross-sectional study which was conducted by completing a 15-item questionnaire. The results were statistically analyzed and processed in the SPSS Statistics 21.0 program.Results: The results indicate that during the clinical examination the fourth and fifth-year students examine the oral mucosa as well. 61% of the students find themselves poorly informed on the PMOL. In the fourth year of study, only 5,5% of students responded that they were well informed, while in the fifth year that number totaled 28,5%. When knowledge self-assessment is concerned the difference has shown itself to be statistically significant between the fourth and fifth-year students. When asked what knowledge on the prevention of oral cancer they expect to receive during their studies, 78% of the students expected more knowledge than at that moment – 36% of which were fifth-year students, and 42% were fourth-year students.Conclusions: Even though the oral cavity is easily accessible to examination, the discovery of oral cancer occurs quite late. Ours, as well as results of other studies, impose the need for better theoretical and practical education of the students.

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Smoking, alcohol consumption and human papillomavirus infection as risk factors for oral cavity and oropharyngeal tumors in Serbia - a pilot study

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp180223143b ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (7) ◽

pp. 740-745

Author(s):

Ljiljana Bozic ◽

Predrag Jeremic ◽

Milovan Dimitrijevic ◽

Tanja Jovanovic ◽

Aleksandra Knezevic

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Tongue Cancer ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Benign Lesions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Malignant Lesions

Background/Aim. The oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers are among the most common cancers worldwide with the multifactorial etiology. The aim of this study was to determine the major risk factors among patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal tumors in Serbia. Methods. A total of 63 patients with biopsy proven malignant (33 patients) or benign (30 patients) oral cavity or oropharyngeal lesions were included in this study. The data about gender, age, smoking habits and alcohol consumption were obtained from the routine medical files. The detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus (HPV) was done in paraffin embedded tissue samples using in situ hybridization. Results. Malignant lesions were more frequent in men, smokers and patients who consume alcohol with a statistically significant difference compared to the patients with benign lesions. The prevalence of HPV infection was higher in patients with malignant lesions compared to patients with benign lesions, but without statistically significant difference. High risk genotypes were detected only in patients with malignant lesions of tonsils and base tongue cancer, while low risk types were demonstrated in patients with benign lesions with a highly statistically significant difference. Conclusion. The results point to the significant association of tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and high risk HPV genotypes as risk factors for oral cavity and oropharyngeal carcinomas in Serbian patients.

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