Access to Shelter: Issues, Debates and Policies

2017 ◽  
pp. 19-42
Author(s):  
Navtej K. Purewal
Keyword(s):  
Access To Shelter

The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Magnuson ◽  
Mikael Jansson ◽  
Cecilia Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Underground Economy ◽  
Family Learning ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Access To Shelter

The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth tells the story of young people who were street-involved from their early to middle teens and into their 20s, particularly their experiences of emerging adulthood while struggling toward young adulthood and independence. These youth experienced emerging and early adulthood earlier than other youth while living independently of guardians, detached from formal education, and working in the underground economy. After leaving their guardians they were choosing how to be different than their family, learning to cope with instability, and enjoying and protecting their independence, and they experienced some satisfaction with their ability to manage. As one youth stated, “away from my family, I learned that I was not stupid.” Their success was facilitated by harm reduction services, like access to shelter and food, that gave them time to experiment with living independently and to practice being responsible for themselves and others. Later they began to prefer nonstreet identities, and they began to think about their desires for the future. The distance between their current lives and those aspirations was the experience of feeling “in-between,” and progress toward their aspirations was often complicated by past experiences of trauma, current experiences of exclusion, coping with substances, and the mismatch between their needs and available services.

Mysterieuze gasten

KWALON ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christien Muusse ◽  
Mathijs Tuynman ◽  
Michel Planije
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Emergency Shelters ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Local Connection ◽  
Shelter Services ◽  
Access To Shelter ◽  
Depth Interviews

Mystery guests. Policy research to the access of emergency shelters with people who have experience with homelessness themselves Mystery guests. Policy research to the access of emergency shelters with people who have experience with homelessness themselves In many Dutch municipalities access to shelter is only given to a person when he or she has a ‘local connection’ to the geographical area. Therefore, the question is to what extent shelter services are accessible nationwide. In the presented study we tested policy in practice: Mystery guests (people with experience of homelessness) visited shelter facilities and reported their findings. In the article we explore the possibility to do policy research using mystery guests, and the pros and cons of working with people who have experience with homelessness themselves. It is concluded that this kind of research is a good method to test policy in practice, under the condition that enough time and support is provided. Collecting data with a combination of checklists and in-depth interviews would provide richer information about the experiences the mystery guests had in the field.

scholarly journals Shelters can negatively affect growth and welfare in lumpfish if feed is delivered continuously

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asa Johannesen ◽  
Nakita E. Joensen ◽  
Eyðfinn Magnussen
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Cleaner Fish ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Cyclopterus Lumpus ◽  
The North ◽  
Meal Time ◽  
Access To Shelter ◽  
Shelter Availability ◽  
Treatment Design

Due to the socioeconomic importance of salmon farming in the North Atlantic and the economic impact of sea lice in this industry, there is high demand for novel pest control methods. One such method is the use of cleaner fish to remove the lice from the salmon. A cleaner fish that has recently gained in popularity due to its ability to work in cold water, is the lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus). This fish varies in efficiency, but when mortality is low and cleaning optimal, the fish are successful in keeping parasite burdens low. However, there is some concern for the welfare of lumpfish in the industry, because mortality is often high. This is sometimes attributed to inadequate feeding and shelter. Here we compare growth, body condition, and fin health of fish reared for four weeks in a crossed treatment design crossing shelter availability (shelter vs none) and feed delivery method (manual meal time feeds and continuous automated feeding). In terms of weight gain, shelter availability interacted with feeding method, with fish that had access to shelters and were fed using automated feeders gaining less weight than other fish. Fin health was not affected, but body condition was lowered both by access to shelter and being fed continuously. The results indicate a need to carefully consider how feeding method and shelter use is combined, both in cages and during rearing on land.

Some responses of hill ewes and lambs to artificial shelter

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Social Bond ◽  
High Wind ◽  
High Wind Speed ◽  
Sunny Weather ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Access To Shelter

1. Experiments were done to assess the reaction of sheep to small artificial shelters and to study the effect of these shelters on the live-weight gain of young lambs in the springs of 1958, 1959 and 1960.2. Lambs sought shelter particularly when it was raining. They were sensitive to high wind speed and low temperature but did not usually shelter in mild dry weather.3. Ewes were indifferent to rain and remained in the open in wet weather while many of their lambs sheltered. They occasionally used the shelters for shade in warm sunny weather when their lambs usually went with them.4. Because of these differences between ewes and lambs in their response to shelter, during wet weather ewes were less closely associated with their lambs where they had access to shelter than where there was no shelter.5. In the wet spring of 1958, lambs with access to shelter gained weight more slowly than those without shelter. It is postulated that the lambs with shelter may have consumed less milk than the others due to a weaker social bond with their dams.6. None of the experiments showed that shelter improved the live-weight performance of young lambs.

The influence of season and management system on intake and productivity of confined dairy cows in a Mediterranean climate

1989 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Management System ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Access To Shelter ◽  
Friesian Cows

The influence of season and management system on the productivity of Friesian cows in a Mediterranean climate was assessed. Intakes of food and water and milk yields were measured in 154 cows over 2·5 years while intensively managed in yards giving access to shelter (free stalls) or that were fully exposed to solar radiation (open lots). Food quality was also monitored to permit estimates of the efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy for milk production over fortnightly periods.The highest milk yields and energetic efficiencies were recorded during spring. Energy intakes were highest but energetic efficiencies were lowest during winter. Cows consumed the least food during summer and autumn and drank the most water during summer. The only significant effect of management system was for water intake, which was higher in the open lots than in the free stalls. There was evidence of heat stress in summer and cold stress in winter, but there appeared to be little benefit with milk yields through the provision of shelter.

Internally displaced families in Khartoum-Sudan: challenges and policy implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azza Abdelmoneium
Keyword(s):  
Basic Needs ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
Access To Shelter

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how internally displaced families in Khartoum-Sudan face difficulties and challenges in meeting their basic needs of shelter and health when they are displaced from their homes. By using empirical data, the factors that hinder families in getting access to shelter and health provision and how they survive with few facilities provided to them will be discussed. The paper will also highlight the role of the state in the situation of the displaced families and the services provided to them. Design/methodology/approach Various methods were used in the research, among them were interviews and focus-group discussions. Interviews were conducted with children aged 10-18 years. A sample of 129 children from four camps was selected, and parents or guardians of the children were interviewed. The theoretical section on what is displacement and how displaced people meet their basic needs and rights gives a background on how displaced families in Sudan survive and struggle to meet their health and shelter rights. Findings The basic needs for the displaced families were not met, and if they were met, it would have led to better living conditions, stability and security for these people. The paper concludes with some recommendations. Originality/value The state should meet the basic needs and rights of the internally displaced people. It is the responsibility of the state to ensure that health and shelter are provided to displaced people.

Equal access to shelter: Coping with the urban crisis by supporting self-help housing

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bredenoord ◽  
Paul van Lindert ◽  
Peer Smets
Keyword(s):  
Equal Access ◽  
Urban Crisis ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Access To Shelter

scholarly journals Atlantic cod Gadus morhua save energy on stone reefs: implications for the attraction versus production debate in relation to reefs

2020 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Schwartzbach ◽  
JW Behrens ◽  
JC Svendsen
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Intermittent Flow ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Access To Shelter ◽  
Sand Bottom

Reefs are structurally complex habitats that are degraded in numerous coastal areas. Structural complexity is often associated with elevated fish abundance, and recent studies have indicated that such structural complexity (e.g. reefs) not only acts as a fish aggregator, but also increases fish production. The objective of this study was to advance this knowledge by investigating if an underlying mechanism of the observed productivity is related to reduced metabolic rates (proxy for energy use) of fish in reef habitats. Using juvenile Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, we tested the hypothesis that fish energy use differs between fish occupying stone reef and sand bottom habitats. Metabolic rate (MO2) was estimated using intermittent flow respirometry in simulated stone reef and sand bottom habitats over 24 h. Results revealed that G. morhua in the stone reef habitat exhibited significantly reduced accumulated MO2 compared to G. morhua in the sand bottom habitat. Likewise, there was a tendency for lower mean standard metabolic rates of the fish in stone reefs, although this pattern was not statistically significant. There are many mechanisms that may underpin elevated productivity in structurally complex habitats such as reefs, including better access to shelter and increased food availability. Our study adds to these mechanisms by showing that G. morhua save energy when occupying stone reefs as compared to sandy bottoms, energy which may be allocated to somatic and gonadal growth.

scholarly journals Longitudinal variability in lateral hydrologic connectivity shapes fish occurrence in temporary floodplain ponds

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Belisario d’Araújo Couto ◽  
Jansen Zuanon ◽  
Julian D. Olden ◽  
Gonçalo Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Main Channel ◽  
Tropical Fish ◽  
Hydrologic Connectivity ◽  
Dynamic Flow ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Lateral Connectivity ◽  
Lotic Habitats ◽  
Floodplain Habitats ◽  
Longitudinal Variability ◽  
Access To Shelter

Dynamic flow regimes maintain critical connections between main channel and adjacent floodplain habitats that provide fish access to shelter, foraging, and spawning opportunities. Our study advances the understanding of these processes by exploring the importance of coupled longitudinal–lateral connectivity for determining species occurrence in headwater streams of the Amazon. Using a multispecies occupancy model, we revealed a clear pattern of species addition in the downstream direction in temporary floodplain ponds, associated with changes in the pool of potential colonists present in the channel and with increasing lateral hydrologic connectivity. Species that are more tolerant of stagnant waters and those able to disperse in shallow habitats (e.g., Anablepsoides micropus) occurred frequently in ponds along the entire longitudinal extent, whereas those species preferring lotic habitats were present only in the most downstream sites. We also observed increasing similarity of pond and channel communities with distance downstream. This study provides insights on the spatial structuring of tropical fish communities in response to flood-induced hydrologic connectivity and further highlights the vulnerability of floodplain fishes to modification in flooding regimes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document