Leading the Locality: Icelandic Local Government Leadership Dilemma

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Marín Hlynsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Local Leadership ◽  
Professional Management ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
The Media ◽  
Job Postings ◽  
Local Leaders

In Iceland there is a growing scepticism towards mayors with executive powers (Kristinsson 2014). At the same time there is also a substantial demand of a responsive, community orientated local leader with strong direct access into central government level. In Iceland, mayors are recruited largely through two processes: through hiring following nationwide job postings (manager-mayors) and through political appointment from within the municipal council (political mayors). This paper explores the dilemma these different role expectations create for local leaders and local leadership on the whole and how democratic renewal may both contributes to the creation as well as solving of this dilemma. Firstly, the paper discusses the foundation for growing criticism towards executive mayors and the counteractions that have been undertaken. Secondly it delves into the foundation of local leadership and looks into what local leaders believe is expected or even demanded of them by citizens, central government or local agencies in the context of democratic renewal. The findings suggest that professional management plays a vital role in democratic renewal at the local level. However, manager-mayors are expected by citizens, central government and to some part the media to behave in similar ways as political mayors. This creates a dilemma as they are expected to be neutral professionals and community oriented “political” leaders at the same time. Finally, the strong emphasis on community role and direct access of local politicians into central government makes the Icelandic mayoral system more compatible to more southern typologies than the northern typology it is usually assigned to?

scholarly journals MANAJEMEN PENCITRAAN DI MADRASAH BERPRESTASI (MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI BANGIL DAN MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI KRATON PASURUAN)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Suprapto
Keyword(s):  
School Achievement ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Professional Management ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Two Stages

<p><em>Madrasah today becomes one of the people's choices. There were changes in the perception of the educational institutions (madrasah) from "under-estimate" by most people to be sympathetic and believe in the existence and madrasah education services. Neverthelees, not all the madrasah to make progress as part of a planned and professionally managed. Professional management is one indicator is entering the marketing strategy of its reality madrasah included in this komodity.This study region focuses on: 1. Aspects of the underlying imaging management 2. Management pattern imaging performed and 3. Implementation imaging management in realizing the madrasah who excel in MAN Bangil and MAN Kraton. This study used a qualitative approach, case study with a design multisite.Technics ofdata collection is done in three ways, namely: 1. Observation 2. In-depth interviews ; and 3. Documentation. Existing data were analyzed through two stages: 1. Analysis of data on individual case  and2. Analysis of data across sites (cross-site analysis). Sources of data in this research is the headmaster, the deputy headmaster, teachers, committees, students, school administration staff, gardener, and citizens around the madrasah.</em><em></em></p><p><em>The results showed that: first, the underlying aspects of management among other related imaging madrasah;  madrasah vision, mission, background / history of the madrasah, the tendency of the public mindset, opportunities for madrasah to be an option. Second, the pattern of imaging in both MAN management is no conformity with the marketing approach of BPD (branding, positioning and differentiating). Both madrasah underlying the strategy by promoting religious culture as mainstream. Third, the implementation is done by utilizing imaging management and maximize the role of the media, activities that direct access to the community, and to fuse the cultures existing society. The findings of this study is madrasah has the potential to remain an option because it has the values of the peculiarities of the religious culture. Approach to marketing is done in order to answer the demands of public order madrasah can adjust to market needs.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> imaging management, the school achievement, madrasah aliyah</em></p>

scholarly journals The Implications of Village Regulation toward the Dualism of Local Leadership Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Subanda ◽  
I Nyoman Budiana ◽  
A.A.Ngr Eddy Supriyadinata Gorda
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Local Leadership ◽  
Leadership Process ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Coordination System ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Local Leaders

The transformation of local leadership in Bali has implications for the emergence of various phenomena of the relationship of desa dinas (the official administrative village) and desa adat (the customary village) which both have autonomous rights. The authority of desa adat and desa dinas coincides with each other. With these conditions, various potential conflicts, poor communication patterns, and overlapping authority are very likely to occur at the local level. In this study, several issues will be discussed, namely: What is the model and process of transformation in local leadership especially in desa adat in Bali? What is the process and form of negaranisasi in local leadership especially in desa adat in Bali? What are the competencies and roles of local leaders in the local leadership process in Bali? What are the roots, the causes and solutions in handling horizontal conflicts in local leadership in Bali? Data were collected by interview, documentation and focus group discussion method to obtain sufficient data variance and validity. Furthermore, the data were analyzed qualitatively using interactive models from Miles and Huberman. The results of the study can be described, that the synergy of two (2) types of local leadership is needed. The capacity and competence of village officials and prajuru adat (customary officials) are obliged to be enhanced, strengthened and empowered, so that they are able to adapt in handling various problems that arise in rural communities in the era of modernization and globalization. For this reason, it is needed to build a synergic relationship model and leadership coordination system between desa dinas and desa adat, a model for developing the capacity and competency of village officials and prajuru adat, and developing a model for handling conflicts that have increasingly intense.

Public leadership: motivated by values not bonuses

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Maddock
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Transformative Leadership ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Executive Leaders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Leadership ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Uk

PurposeTurbulent times are here to stay and public leadership needs to become less managerial, more adept at harnessing resources and transforming governance. While the media continues to search for heroic leaders there is a growing awareness that there is more to public leadership than charisma and that compliant leaders do little to nurture innovation. The purpose of this paper is to address the varying concepts of leadership within public services in the UK.Design/methodology/approachThis paper addresses the varying concepts of leadership within public services in the UK and offers a comparative discussion on these choices of types of leadership.FindingsEvidence shows that successful public leaders tend to motivated by social values rather than money and that in the UK, transformative leadership is stronger at the local level than in central government, where although embryonic, political and executive leaders are forging platforms for innovation and new governance systems that central governments could learn from.Originality/valueThere are examples of exemplary public leadership in the UK and this paper attempts to unpack where these are, how they challenge existing leadership thinking and why new forms of leadership are critical at this time.

Local Reconciliation in Somalia

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Abukar Sanei ◽  
Mohamed A. Omar
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation Commission ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation ◽  
Local Justice ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Media ◽  
Depth Interviews

The last Somali central government was overthrown in 1991 due to grievances among those who felt they were marginalized from the decision-making process. The same grievances have driven the civil war that started in 1991 and continues to this day. To bring stability to Somalia, genuine reconciliation at the local level is vital. This chapter addresses the mechanisms and prospects for local reconciliation. To identify mechanisms for reconciliation it carried out a survey of 114 people, and conducted three in-depth interviews with current and former officials. To resolve grievances, 59 per cent of survey respondents stated that viable options are: creating a format for power sharing, integrating the security forces, using the media to promote peace, and including women and youth in the reconciliation process; 44 per cent of respondents also supported the establishment of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and ending impunity by establishing an effective system of local justice.

Concept of Power Decentralization in Political Science and Approaches to its Methodological Study

2017 ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
Halyna Kuzub
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Symbolic Interactionism ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Perfect State ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Structural Functionalism

The problem of power decentralization is up to date in a modern political science. We can trace its historical genesis first in European and further in the USA political ideas. Decentralization of power was considered along with the study of a perfect state system, civil society and local self-government. It is argued that the major part of successful process of power decentralization in the Western Europe was due to the idea nature for their political culture. The article attempts to retrace the history of the idea of power decentralization. As a background of the investigations of such thinkers as J. Bodin, J. Althusius, J. Locke, J.-J. Rousseau, C.-L. Montesquieu, R. Owen, C. Fourier, J. S.Mill, T. Jefferson, A. de Tocqueville and M. Dragomanov were thoroughly investigated. The paper also considers the modern definitions of power decentralization. Likewise the value of structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism and constructivism are argued in terms of further surveys of power decentralization. To conclude, the author opines that civil servants training, their theoretical teaching and moral education have to become the main objectives in perspective investigations. Furthermore, the success of power decentralization depends not only on devoting authority by central government, but also on capacity of its implementation by deputies on the local level. Keywords: Decentralization of power, deconcentration of power, administrative and political decentralization, classical and non-classical philosophy, structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, construc-tivism

scholarly journals Love is blind: partisan alignment and political corruption in Spain

SERIEs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Borrella-Mas ◽  
Martin Rode
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Real Estate Industry ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
Boom And Bust ◽  
Boom And Bust Cycle ◽  
Regional Elections ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Do So

AbstractEver since the spectacular boom and bust cycle of the Spanish real estate industry, endemic corruption at the local level has become a widely recognized problem in the national public discourse. In an effort to expose an under-explored political determinant, this paper investigates the effect of local and regional alignment in fomenting corruption at the Spanish municipal level. To do so, we construct an ample panel dataset on the prevalence of corrupt practices by local politicians, which is employed to test the possible impact of partisan alignment in three consecutive joint municipal and regional elections. Findings show aligned municipalities to be more corrupt than non-aligned ones, an effect that is further associated with absolute majorities at both levels of government and higher capital transfers. By contrast, we also show that “throwing the rascals out” could be an effective strategy for curbing the corrupt practices of aligned municipalities. This indicates that the democratic political process may be effective in corruption control if agreements can be reached to remove corrupt politicians or parties from power.

scholarly journals “Fraudonomics”: Cartooning against Structural Adjustment in Togo

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (S29) ◽  
pp. 139-160
Author(s):  
Robin Frisch
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Crucial Element ◽  
The Third ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
The Media ◽  
Repertoire Of Contention ◽  
Printing Techniques

AbstractThis article offers a sensitive reading of oppositional political cartoons in Togo in the early 1990s, during the period of structural adjustment, which was accompanied by the swift reversal of democratizing trends and the restoration of authoritarian rule. Togolese satirists perceived this moment as a moment of “fraudonomics”, thus contesting rampant corruption and clientelism in politics. They poked fun at the president, local politicians, businesspeople, and bureaucrats of the international institutions. The article begins by examining the making of satirical newspapers with a focus on the biographies of the satirists. As students, they started out on the adventure of publication with their own money and learned most of their drawing and printing techniques as work progressed. Secondly, an analysis of the readership shows that, although the satirical newspapers were a crucial element of the media in the early 1990s, it was mostly an elitist and urban phenomenon. The third section analyses the changing visual repertoire of contention through in-depth analysis of four selected caricatures.

scholarly journals Does the “Miracle Drug” of Environmental Governance Really Improve Air Quality? Evidence from China’s System of Central Environmental Protection Inspections

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruxin Wu ◽  
Piao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
The Media ◽  
Positive Effect

Central environmental protection inspections have completed their goal of full coverage of 31 provinces in China, and more than 17,000 officials have been held accountable. The media has evaluated the effectiveness of central environmental protection inspections using the notions of “instant results” and the “miracle drug of environmental governance.” Can this approach effectively promote local environmental governance? This paper takes the treatment effect of central environmental protection inspections on air pollution as an example. Using the method of regression discontinuity, central environmental protection inspections are found to have a positive effect on the air quality index (AQI), but this effect is only short term and unsustainable. Additionally, there are inter-provincial differences. Judging from the research results on sub-contaminants, the treatment effect of central environmental protection inspections on air pollution is mainly reflected in PM10, PM2.5 and CO. Under the current situation in which PM10 and PM2.5 are the main assessment indexes, this phenomenon indicates that due to the political achievements and promotion of local officials and for reasons of accountability, it is more effective for the central government to conduct specific environmental assessments through local governments than to conduct central environmental protection inspections.

scholarly journals Vulnerable Narcissism in Social Networking Sites: The Role of Upward and Downward Social Comparisons

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanchang Kong ◽  
Meiru Wang ◽  
Xingjie Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyao Li ◽  
Xiaojun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Media Effect ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Media ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Comparative Theory

Social networking sites (SNSs) have provided a new platform for people to present their narcissism. The objective of the current study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms between active and passive SNS use and vulnerable narcissism among college students. In achieving this, the study based its method on the media effect and social comparative theory and recruited 529 participants to complete the Surveillance Use Scale, Iowa–Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure, and Hypersensitivity Narcissistic Scale. The results showed that active and passive SNS use were positively related to upward and downward social comparisons. Active and passive SNS use also indirectly predicted vulnerable narcissism through the parallel mediation of upward and downward social comparisons. This study also revealed the vital role of social comparison in the association between SNS use and vulnerable narcissism.

scholarly journals New Labour and New Surveillance: Theoretical and Political Ramifications of CCTV Implementation in the UK

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2/3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Fussey
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
Structure And Agency ◽  
Surveillance Society ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Criminological Theories ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the implications of New Labour's approaches to crime and disorder on CCTV implementation. It concentrates on the usage of CCTV as one of the government's many initiatives, which are intended to address crime and disorder, including the fear of crime. In particular, the impact of the 1998 Crime and Disorder Act (CDA) - the cornerstone of this government's approach to crime reduction - on the generation of such strategies is examined. The paper revisits neo-Marxist and Foucauldian analyses of the so-called surveillance society through an appraisal of the complex relationship between structure and agency in the formulation and implementation of anti-crime and disorder strategies. Drawing on fieldwork data the paper considers the activities of practitioners at a local level by focusing on the influence of central government, local communities and 'common sense' thinking based on certain criminological theories. It is argued that a myriad of micro-level operations, obligations, processes, managerial concerns (particularly conflict resolution and resource issues), structures and agency - as well as the indirect influence of central government - shape CCTV policy. Ultimately, the creation of new local policy contexts under the CDA emphasise the need to consider incremental and malleable processes concerning the formulation of CCTV policy. In turn, this allows a re-examination of theoretical accounts of surveillance, and their attendant assumptions of sovereign or disciplinary power.

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