scholarly journals Incorporating resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv, phaseoli into bean using the latent period as a resistance marker

1969 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Mildred Zapata ◽  
Robert Wilkinson ◽  
George F. Freytag ◽  
Hiram Vélez ◽  
Francisco H. Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Resistance Marker ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
The Common ◽  
Greenhouse Screening

High levels of resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp) were developed in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by intercrossing genotypes having moderate levels of resistance. This was accomplished by using a modified backcross method. Screening for resistance was based on the length of the latent period for seedlings inoculated in the primary leaves, via the multineedle wounding method, and incubated in a 29° C controlled growth chamber. Field and greenhouse screening was conducted under tropical conditions with Xcp strains from Puerto Rico. Selected lines were incorporated into the crossing program. Homozygosis of the best lines was increased through greenhouse and field planting for six summer seasons. Resistance was reconfirmed by inoculation of the lines with X. campestris pv. phaseoli, vignicola and glycines under controlled conditions. Three determinate and two indeterminate germplasm lines in the F8 generation, resistant to bacterial blight, were released as an outcome of this research.

scholarly journals Sources of Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight and Rust in Elite Phaseolus vulgaris L. Germplasm

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Arnaud-Santana ◽  
M.T. Mmbaga ◽  
D.P. Coyne ◽  
J.R. Steadman
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
The Common

We studied leaf and pod reactions of 18 Phaseolus vulgaris germplasm lines (three temperate and 15 tropical) to four Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (XCP) (Smith) Dye strains and seven Uromyces appendiculatus (UA) (Pers.) Unger races. Line × XCP interaction was significant for leaf and pod reactions. The common bean lines XAN-159, BAC-6, and XAN-112 had the best combined leaf and pod resistance to XCP. Line × UA race interactions were significant (P = 0.05). Lines IAPAR-14 and BAC-6 had the best combined resistance to XCP and UA.

scholarly journals Detecting bean golden yellow mosaic virus in bean breeding lines and in the common legume weed Macroptilium lathyroides in Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
Lydia I. Rivera-Vargas ◽  
Vilmaris Bracero-Acosta ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Dan E. Purcifull ◽  
Jane E. Polston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Enzymelinked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
The Common ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Macroptilium Lathyroides

Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) is a geminivirus transmitted by whiteflies (Genus: Bemisia). This virus causes significant fosses in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Serological techniques such as enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have been widely used for detection of viruses. We evaluated existing monoclonal antibodies (3F7,2G5 and 5C5) for the detection of BGYMV isolates in bean fines in Puerto Rico. Monoclonal antibody 3F7 was the most effective in detecting the virus in tissues of line DOR 364 and susceptible cuftivars Top Crop and Quest. However, it was not effective in the detection of BGYMV in lines of DOR 303, which showed typical symptoms. Sampfes from Macroptilium lathyroides, a weed that might be a possible reservoir of the virus, were also tested for viraf infection. ELISA tests were inconclusive for detection of geminiviruses in M. lathyroides. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was also used to complement BGYMV diagnosis in M. lathyroides and in bean lines that showed symptoms but were negative for the ELfSA test. Two sets of primers, specific for Begomovirus such as BGYMV, were used in PCR experiments. Using PCR, we were able to detect the virus in the line DOR 303 and in M. lathyroides tissues.

scholarly journals Differential Pathogenicity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli and X. fuscans subsp. fuscans Strains on Bean Genotypes with Common Blight Resistance

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mutlu ◽  
A. K. Vidaver ◽  
D. P. Coyne ◽  
J. R. Steadman ◽  
P. A. Lambrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
South American ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Germplasm Screening ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Pathogenic Variation ◽  
The Common

Both the common bacterial blight (CBB) pathogen (Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli) and X. fuscans subsp. fuscans, agent of fuscous blight, cause indistinguishable symptoms in common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris. Yield losses can exceed 40%. Lack of information about the specificity between X. campestris pv. phaseoli strains and major quantitative trait loci (QTL) or alleles conferring resistance makes the task of identifying genetic changes in host–pathogen interactions and the grouping of bacterial strains difficult. This, in turn, affects the choice of pathogen isolates used for germplasm screening and complicates breeding for CBB resistance. Common bean host genotypes carrying various sources and levels of resistance to CBB were screened with 69 X. campestris pv. phaseoli and 15 X. fuscans subsp. fuscans strains from around the world. Differential pathogenicity of the CBB pathogen was identified on the 12 selected bean genotypes. The X. fuscans subsp. fuscans strains showed greater pathogenicity than X. campestris pv. phaseoli strains having the same origin. African strains were most pathogenic. The largest variation in pathogenicity came from X. campestris pv. phaseoli strains that originated in Caribbean and South American countries. Pathogenic variation was greater within X. campestris pv. phaseoli than within X. fuscans subsp. fuscans strains. Implications for breeding for CBB resistance are discussed.

scholarly journals Field Reaction of Landrace Components of Red Mottled Beans to Common Bacterial Blight

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Beaver ◽  
James R. Steadman ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Field Reaction ◽  
The Mean

Field reaction of 25 red mottled bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to common bacterial blight [Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye] was evaluated in Puerto Rico over 2 years. The average disease severity (percent leaf area with symptoms) was similar over years. The determinate red mottled genotypes had almost twice as much disease as indeterminate genotypes. Eight of the indeterminate genotypes had significantly less disease than the mean of the field experiments. These genotypes may serve as useful sources of resistance to common bacterial blight. The size of the chlorotic zone around necrotic lesions varied between growing seasons, showing that environment can influence the expression of common bacterial blight symptoms.

scholarly journals Performance of Dry Beans Grown on the Coastal Plains of Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
James S. Beaver ◽  
José Badillo-Feliciano ◽  
Ismael Reyes-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Seed Type ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Uromyces Phaseoli ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Yields

Performance of a group of white-seeded and a group of colored dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes was measured at the Fortuna and lsabela Research and Development Centers during 1979 to 1982. White-seeded lines W-117, W-142, and 2W-33-2 produced seed yields as great as or greater than the mean of the tests. Compared with the standard white-seeded line Bonita, W-117, W-142 and 2W-33-2 showed more resistance to the systemic mosaic strain of the Bean Common Mosaic Virus and rust (Uromyces phaseoli (Reben) Wint.). Violeta and Galana were among the most productive colored genotypes. Unfortunately, the seed coat color of these genotypes is unacceptable to the local consumer. Among the colored genotypes with a desirable seed type, Guayamera showed the most promising performance. Several of the colored seeded lines expressed resistance to the races of rust endemic at lsabela. On the other hand, the colored lines were generally more susceptible to bacterial blight than the white-seeded lines. Genotypes with the most promising performance will be considered for release as replacements for standard cultivars or will be utilized as parents in the local bean breeding program.

scholarly journals Estrategias para diferenciar Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli con sales inorgánicas.

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mildred Zapata ◽  
Rosario Gaud
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
The Common ◽  
Bean Leaves ◽  
Triphenyl Formazan

Strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp) isolated from common blight diseased bean leaves at Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic and Costa Rica were determined as pathogenic on the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris. The strains determined by pathogenicity tests as pv. phaseoli were differentiated into pathovars such as phaseoli, vesicatoria, carotae, and xanthosoma by the use of the Biolog Identification System. Strains grown in 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) showed a convex, shiny and smooth red pigment, a triphenyl formazan. No differences in virulence were found in the Xcp strains identified by pathogenicity tests. Two colony types were found in X. campestris. Also, colony types differences were found with Pseudomonas cissicola, P. fulva, Corynebacterium, Rhodococcus and Shingomonas.

scholarly journals Evaluation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in early generations for resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) dye

1969 ◽  
Vol 80 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Varela ◽  
James Beaver ◽  
Mildred Zapata ◽  
Phillip Miklas ◽  
Silvia Cianzio
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
University Of Puerto Rico ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The University ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Better Than

Two populations from the crosses DOR 364 x XAN 176 and DOR 364 x WBB-20-1 were tested in the field in the F3 and F4  generations and under greenhouse conditions in the F5 generation to determine the effectiveness of selection for resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv phaseoli (Xcp) in early generations and to estimate the heritability (h2) of foliage resistance to Xcp. The study was conducted at the Isabela Substation of the University of Puerto Rico in 1991. Significant differences among lines for Xcp reaction were observed in the three generations evaluated.The parents, XAN 176 and WBB-20-1, showed more resistance to Xcp than DOR 364. The h2 of the resistance to Xcp in the leaves was intermediate to high (> 0.60) for the DOR 364 x XAN 176 population. In the DOR 364 x WBB-20-1 population, however, the h2 was low (0.30) in the F3 generation, and intermediate to high (> 0.60) in the F4 and F5 generations. Evaluation in the F3 generation requires at least three replications to have adequate precision to detect differences among lines. Selection in the F4 generation was more effective because of higher heritabilities.The evaluation of the disease on the basis of a 1 to 9 scale was better than estimates of the percentage of leaf area infected because there was less variation among generations. In addition, variances among groups of lines were more homogeneous.

scholarly journals The genetic background of resistance to common bacterial blight in newly identified common bean lines on the basis of inheritance studies

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mergenthaler ◽  
Bisztray Gy.
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Coupling Phase ◽  
Recessive Genes

Common bacterial blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp). is a major disease problem of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The inheritance of resistance in Xrl and Xr2 lines to two isolates of Xcp was studied in the F2 and F3 popu­lations from the crosses between these lines and the Masay variety (susceptible to Xcp). Segregation patterns indicated that different single recessive genes presumably in coupling phase linkage determined the resistance to the HUN and EK-1 1 strains of Xcp in both lines. The presence of some minor, modifying genes beside the monogenic genetic background of resistance was also observed. Xrl and Xr2 lines represent valuable new monogenic genetic sources in resistance breeding to CBB.

scholarly journals Effect of Soaking Prior to Cooking on the Levels of Phytate and Tannin of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) and the Protein Value

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabete HELBIG ◽  
Admar Costa de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Keila da Silva QUEIROZ ◽  
Soely Maria Pissini Machado REIS
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
The Common
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