scholarly journals Geotechnical Assessment of Pavement Failure along Lagos-Ibadan Expressway

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon O Odunfa ◽  
Adebayo O. Owolabi ◽  
Peter O. Aiyedun ◽  
Obanisola M. Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Geotechnical Parameters ◽  
The Road ◽  
Natural Moisture Content ◽  
Geotechnical Assessment ◽  
Shrinkage And Swelling

Pavement failure has contributed immensely to loss of lives, disruption to normal daily activities and increase amount of money being spent on maintenance annually. One of the causes is associated with inadequate investigations on subgrade materials. This study aimed at examining the geotechnical parameters as factors of pavement failure along Lagos–Ibadan Expressway. Samples were collected at the failed and stable portions on some selected road segments and subjected to laboratory tests including Natural Moisture Content (NMC), Linear Shrinkage(LS), particle size distribution and California Bearing Ratio(CBR). The NMC along the failed sections was on the high side (ranged from 13.11% to 26.89%) compared with the stable sections (ranged from 11.11% to 16.40%). Most of the tested soils have percentage passing 0.075mm sieve more than 35% maximum required by the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing for subgrade materials. The maximum dry density(MDD) for the samples at failed and stable sections ranged from 1550 kg/m3 to 1860 kg/m3; 1650 kg/m3 to 1980 kg/m3 respectively while the Optimum Moisture Content(OMC) ranged from 8.30% to 20.30%. The soaked CBR values ranged from 2% to 17% while the unsoaked values ranged from 4% to 25%. The increase in NMC along the failed portions could be as a result of high water table along these sections. Some of the materials at failed locations had values of LS > 8% which suggests high susceptibility to shrinkage and swelling which results in differential settlement and contributed to pavement failure along these sections of the road. Keywords: Geotechnical, Pavement failures, subsurface investigations, Expressway, subgrade materials.

Assessment of Gneiss-Derived Residual Soils as Materials Used in Road Pavement Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Olaoluwa Oluwaniyi ◽  
Imoleayo Fatoyinbo ◽  
Akinola Bello ◽  
Joshua Owoseni
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Residual Soils ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Natural Moisture Content ◽  
Pavement Structures

Failure of highway pavement and collapse of building in basement complex of Nigeria is often related to the instability of the residual. This study evaluated the strength characteristics of gneiss-derived residual Soils as materials usable for road pavement structures. A total of eleven soil samples derived from granite gneiss were subjected to laboratory geotechnical analyses based on standard practices. The geotechnical analyses reveal the soils’ natural moisture content, specific gravity, grain sizes, consistency limits, shearing strengths, maximum dry density, and optimum moisture content. Based on AASHTO classification, the soil samples are classified as A-7-6, A-6, and A-7-5. The results of the laboratory analyses revealed that the natural moisture content and specific gravity ranged from 8.30 to 22.70% and 2.6 to 2.8 respectively. Particle size analysis reveals that the coarse contents of the soils ranged from 28.8% to 59.8% and amount of fines ranged from 40.2 to 71.2%. The liquid limit ranged from 31.3% to 68.3%, plastic limit ranged from 20% to 28.0%, plasticity index ranged from 4.8% to 38.90% and linear shrinkage ranged from 5.7 to 13.6%. The maximum dry density ranged from 1481 kg/m3 to 1921 kg/m3 and optimum moisture content ranged from 15.2% to 27.6%. Undrained triaxial shear strength (Cu) ranged from 43.0 Kpa to 250.3Kpa, angle of friction ranges from 11.7 to 29.30, and unconfined compressive strength ranged from 153 to 356.5Kpa. The results indicate that the residual soils are poor sub-grade and foundation materials due to their high amount of fines, linear shrinkage values, plasticity, and swelling potential, as well as low maximum dry density.

scholarly journals A GEOTECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF USABILITY OF A ROCKSOIL MIXTURE FOR EARTH STRUCTURES

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugeniusz ZAWISZA ◽  
Andrzej GRUCHOT
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Natural Moisture Content ◽  
Geotechnical Characteristics ◽  
Geotechnical Assessment

The subject-matter of the work is a mixture of rock and soil from the LafargeDubie mine in Rudawa, southern Poland. The conducted tests aimed at thedetermination of the geotechnical characteristics of this mixture and the evaluationof its suitability for the construction of earth embankments, in particular road ones.The range of the tests comprised determination of parameters characterisingphysical properties, such as granulometric composition, natural moisture content,density of solid particles, optimum moisture content and maximum dry density ofsolid particles, as well as mechanical ones, like shear strength. The obtained resultsshow that the tested mixture is suitable for the construction of road embankments,since as coarse-grained soil, it has a high value of the uniformity coefficient (Cu =1913). Therefore, this is very well graded soil, which provides a good compactionwhen it is built into the embankment. The natural moisture content (on average wn= 9.5%) is close to the optimum one (wopt = 8.5%). The maximum dry density ofsolid particles (ds = 2.16 gcm-3) is much higher than the minimum required (d ≥1.6 gcm-3). The values of the angle of internal friction (on average  = 36) andcohesion (c = 42 kPa) indicate great shear strength, therefore this soil can besubjected to considerable mechanical stresses.

scholarly journals An investigation into the cause of road failure along Sagamu-Papalanto highway southwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubido Oyem Emmanuel ◽  
Igwe Ogbonnaya ◽  
Ukah Bernadette Uche
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cause Of Failure

AbstractInvestigation into the cause of road failure has been carried out along a 60 km long Sagamu –Papalanto highway southwestern Nigeria. Geochemical, mineralogical, geotechnical and geophysical analyses were conducted to evaluate the cause of failure along the study area. The results of the laboratory tests showed that the percentage amount of fines ranges from 12 to 61.3%, natural moisture content from 6.8 to 19.7%, liquid limit in the range of 25.1–52.2%, linear shrinkage between 3.96 to 12.71%, plastic limit ranges from 18.2–35%, plasticity index ranges from 5.2 to 24.6%, free swell in the range from 5.17–43.9%, maximum dry density ranges from 1.51–1.74 g /cm3, specific gravity ranges from 2.52–2.64 and CBR between 3 and 12%. The Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) shows a resistance value of 20–138 kgf/cm2. The major clay mineral that is predominant in the studied soil is kaolinite. The major oxides present are SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, MgO and CaO. The result of the 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging revealed a low resistivity values for profile 2 and 3 ranging from 100 Ωm – 300 Ωm, between a distance of 20 m – 240 m along the profile to a depth of 7.60 m and a low resistivity value ranging from 50 Ωm – 111Ωm, between a distance of 80 m − 120 m along the profile to a depth of 15 m. It was concluded that the low CBR, low MDD and the class of subsoils namely A-26, A-7, A-2-7 (clayey soils) which were identified are responsible for the cause of failure experienced in the study area. These makes the soils unsuitable as road construction materials and hence, there is need for stabilization during the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the road.

scholarly journals An Investigation into the Cause of Road Failure Along Sagamu-Papalanto Highway Southwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
OYEM EMMANUEL UBIDO ◽  
Igwe Ogbonnaya ◽  
Bernadette Uche Ukah
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cause Of Failure

Abstract Investigation into the cause of road failure has been carried out along a 60km long Sagamu –Papalanto highway southwestern Nigeria. Geochemical, mineralogical, geotechnical and geophysical analyses were conducted to evaluate the cause of failure along the study area. The results of the laboratory tests showed that the percentage amount of fines ranges from 12-61.3%, natural moisture content from 6.8 to 19.7%, liquid limit in the range of 25.1-52.2%, linear shrinkage between 3.96 to 12.71%, plastic limit ranges from 18.2-35%, plasticity index ranges from 5.2 to 24.6%, free swell in the range from 5.17 – 43.9%, maximum dry density ranges from 1.51 -1.74g /cm3, specific gravity ranges from 2.52-2.64 and CBR between 3-12%. The Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) shows a resistance value of 20-138 kgf/cm2. The major clay mineral that is predominant in the studied soil is kaolinite. The major oxides present are SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, MgO and CaO. The result of the 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging revealed a low resistivity values for profile 2 and 3 ranging from 100 Ωm – 300 Ωm, between a distance of 20m – 240 m along the profile to a depth of 7.60m and a low resistivity value ranging from 50 Ωm – 111Ωm, between a distance of 80 m –120 m along the profile to a depth of 15m. It was concluded that the low CBR, low MDD and the class of subsoils namely A-26, A-7, A-2-7 (clayey soils) which were identified are responsible for the cause of failure experienced in the study area. These makes the soils unsuitable as road construction materials and hence, there is need for stabilization during the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the road.

scholarly journals Investigation of Flexible Pavement Failure along Ede – Akoda Road, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A Tijani ◽  
S.O.A Olawale
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
The Road ◽  
Reconnaissance Survey ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
On The Road

Ede to Akoda is a trunk B-road built over 30 years ago. It has been in despicable condition leading to fatal accidents and loss of life and properties that impacted negatively on the community. This study investigated the flexible pavement failure along the road in order to ascertain the possible causes of its failure. The methodology adopted covered reconnaissance survey, assessment of the physical condition of the road and soil investigation of subgrade. The result of reconnaissance survey revealed that the surface wearing course has degraded extensively. The physical inspections showed that considerable segment of the drainage facilities has collapsed or totally blocked allowing extensive ponding of rain water on the road surface. The pot holes were deep and widespread in most places and the road is near total collapse. The result of soil investigation revealed that natural moisture content, specific gravity, liquid limit, plastic limit, plastic index, maximum dry density and optimum moisture content were within the specifications of the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing limits (FMWH). However, the California bearing ratio values were less than minimum 10% stated in the specifications, this suggests the nature of subgrade soil as a possible cause of failure of road pavements along Ede-Akoda Road, Nigeria. It is recommended that further research be conducted on other structures of the flexible pavement to better ascertain the causes of the studied road failure.

scholarly journals An Investigation Into the Cause of Road Failure Along Sagamu-Papalanto Highway Southwestern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
OYEM EMMANUEL UBIDO ◽  
Igwe Ogbonnaya ◽  
Bernadette Uche Ukah
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cause Of Failure

Abstract Investigation into the cause of road failure has been carried out along a 60km long Sagamu –Papalanto highway southwestern Nigeria. Geochemical, mineralogical, geotechnical and geophysical analyses were conducted to evaluate the cause of failure along the study area. The results of the laboratory tests showed that the percentage amount of fines ranges from 12-61.3%, natural moisture content from 6.8 to 19.7%, liquid limit in the range of 25.1-52.2%, linear shrinkage between 3.96 to 12.71%, plastic limit ranges from 18.2-35%, plasticity index ranges from 5.2 to 24.6%, free swell in the range from 5.17 – 43.9%, maximum dry density ranges from 1.51 -1.74g /cm3, specific gravity ranges from 2.52-2.64 and CBR between 3-12%. The Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) shows a resistance value of 20-138 kgf/cm2. The major clay mineral that is predominant in the studied soil is kaolinite. The major oxides present are SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, MgO and CaO. The result of the 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging revealed a low resistivity values for profile 2 and 3 ranging from 100 Ωm – 300 Ωm, between a distance of 20m – 240 m along the profile to a depth of 7.60m and a low resistivity value ranging from 50 Ωm – 111Ωm, between a distance of 80 m –120 m along the profile to a depth of 15m. It was concluded that the low CBR, low MDD and the class of subsoils namely A-26, A-7, A-2-7 (clayey soils) which were identified are responsible for the cause of failure experienced in the study area. These makes the soils unsuitable as road construction materials and hence, there is need for stabilization during the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the road.

scholarly journals Geotechnical Characteristics of Benin Formation, Owerri Imo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
O. E Agbasi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Geotechnical Characteristics ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
Niger Delta Basin

A good road network consists of a constant stretch of asphalt laid down for a smooth ride. The spot in the smooth ride on the pavement is commonly referred to as "pavement failure." Soil type, load bearing capacity of materials, zone of vulnerability, resistance to permeation, compressibility, shrinkage limit, and other details are frequently required in order to construct a very good and solid foundation for the planned bridge site. In Nigeria, numerous factors contribute to the failure of road construction projects. They are primarily insufficient research on subgrade and other pavement materials (sub-base and base courses) prior to the start of road projects; flawed engineering, including a poor drainage system and supervision throughout road construction; and shoddy workmanship that was superimposed with asphaltic concrete to improve strength. Within the Niger Delta basin, the study area is located between latitude 5.485°N and longitude 7.035°E. The Benin Formation underpins the study area. It is composed primarily of friable sands, conglomerates, very coarse sandstone, and isolated gravel units, as well as intercalation of Pliocene to Miocene shale/clay lenses. Natural Moisture Content (NMC), Linear Shrinkage (LS), Particle Size Distribution, and California Bearing Ratio were among the laboratory tests performed on samples collected at failed and stable sections of some selected road segments (CBR). When compared to the stable sections, the NMC along the failed sections was on the high side (ranging from 13.11 percent to 26.89 percent) (ranging from 11.11 percent to 16.40 percent). The majority of the tested soils passed the 0.075mm sieve with a percentage greater than the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing's maximum of 35% for subgrade materials. The maximum dry density (MDD) for the samples at failed and stable sections was 1550 kg/m3 to 1860 kg/m3; 1650 kg/m3 to 1980 kg/m3; and the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) was 8.30% to 20.30%. The soaked CBR values ranged from 2 to 17 percent, while the unsoaked values ranged from 4 to 25 percent.

scholarly journals Study on Compaction Characteristics and Construction Control of Mixtures of Red Clay and Gravel

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Biao Zeng ◽  
Lin-feng Wang ◽  
Yun Tian ◽  
Tao-rui Zeng ◽  
Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Vibration Time ◽  
Vibration Parameters

Red clay cannot be used as embankment filler directly due to its water-sensitive property. Gravel is usually added into red clay to enhance its performance in engineering practice. In order to investigate the influence of mixtures of red clay and gravel on the road performance, gravitational compaction experiment of red clay and vibratory compaction experiment of mixtures of red clay and gravel were conducted, respectively. The results indicate that compaction curves of red clay have double peak; the second peak is the real maximum dry density, and its corresponding moisture content is the optimal moisture content. The dry density of mixtures of red clay and gravel is influenced by the content of gravel, vibration frequency, and vibration time. The optimal content of gravel is 30%, the best vibration frequency is 45 Hz, and the optimal vibration time is 5 minutes for the mixtures of red clay and gravel in this study. The effectiveness of optimal content of gravel and optimum vibration parameters was confirmed by a CBR test. According to the compaction experiment results and actual situation in the field, a suitable construction method of subgrade using the mixtures of red clay and gravel was put forward. The feasibility of this method was also confirmed by postconstruction deformation data of the field test embankment.

scholarly journals An Investigation Into the Cause of Road Failure Along Sagamu-papalanto Highway Southwestern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
OYEM EMMANUEL UBIDO ◽  
Igwe Ogbonnaya ◽  
Bernadette Uche Ukah
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cause Of Failure

Abstract Investigation into the cause of road failure has been carried out along a 60km Sagamu –Papalanto highway southwestern Nigeria. Geochemical, mineralogical, geotechnical and geophysical analyses were conducted to evaluate the cause of failure along the study area. The results of the laboratory tests showed that the percentage amount of fines ranges from 12-61.3%, natural moisture content from 6.8 to 19.7%, liquid limit in the range of 25.1-52.2%, linear shrinkage between 3.96 to 12.71%, plastic limit ranges from 18.2-35%, plasticity index ranges from 5.2 to 24.6%, free swell in the range from 5.17 – 43.9%, maximum dry density ranges from 1.51 -1.74g /cm3, specific gravity ranges from 2.52-2.64 and CBR between 3-12%. The Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) shows a resistance value of 20-138 kgf/cm2. The major clay mineral that is predominant in the studied soil is kaolinite. The major oxides present are SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, MgO and CaO. The result of the 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging revealed a low resistivity values for profile 2 and 3 ranging from 100 Ωm – 300 Ωm, between a distance of 20m – 240 m along the profile to a depth of 7.60m and a low resistivity value ranging from 50 Ωm – 111Ωm, between a distance of 80 m –120 m along the profile to a depth of 15m. It was concluded that the low CBR, low MDD and the class of subsoils namely A-26, A-7, A-2-7 (clayey soils) which were identified are responsible for the cause of failure experienced in the study area. These makes the soils unsuitable as road construction materials and hence, there is need for stabilization during the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the road.

scholarly journals Geotechnical Properties of Lateritic Soil Stabilized with Periwinkle Shells Powder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola. Michael Dauda ◽  
Joseph O. Akinmusuru ◽  
Oluwaseun. A. Dauda ◽  
Taiwo O. Durotoye ◽  
Kunle Elizah Ogundipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Natural Moisture Content ◽  
Shell Powder ◽  
Periwinkle Shell

This study used eco-friendly materials known as Periwinkle Shell Powder (PSP) in stabilizing the engineering properties of lateritic soil. Preliminary test was performed on the un-stabilized lateritic soil for the purposes of identification and classification (natural moisture content, liquid limits, plastic limits, and plasticity index). The engineering tests were conducted on the lateritic soil stabilized with additions of (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 %) PSP and OPC respectively. The result showed that cement gave a progressive increase in the Maximum Dry Density (MDD) of the lateritic soil from 1875 kg/m3 (2 %) to 2294 kg/m3 (10 %) respectively. This represents 22 % increase in the MDD from the un-stabilized state. For PSP, the Maximum MDD was attained at 6 % (1974 kg/m3), representing 5.3 % increase in MDD of the soil from the un-stabilized state. For both stabilizing agent, the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) increases from 13.65 % to 13.83 % and from 11.72 % to 14.41 % for Cement and Periwinkle Shell Powder respectively. PSP recorded an increase of 5.6 % of CBR value compared with OPC that recorded an increase of 34 % CBR value. The study therefore concluded that Periwinkle Shell Powder (PSP) could be considered as good stabilizer for clayey or lateritic, and its uses as a stabilizer could also provide a big relief to the environmental pollution caused by its indiscriminate dumping.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document