scholarly journals Modification of Institute for Agricultural Research Multi-Crop Thresher for Improved Performances

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunusi I Idris ◽  
Usman S Mohammed ◽  
Nura A Sale ◽  
Ibrahim B Dalha
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Throughput Capacity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Maximum Throughput ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Extraneous Material

In millet producing areas of Nigeria, the predominant method of threshing is traditional. It involves beating the millet panicle with a stick, over a log of wood or by pounding using mortar and pestle. This method is inefficient, time-consuming, labor intensive, prone to drudgery, uneconomical, low output and gives product contaminate with extraneous material such as stones and sand. Though imported threshers are effective in millet threshing; they are expensive, complexed in design and required skillful personnel for operation. An Institute for Agricultural Research  (IAR) multi-crop thresher for sorghum, millet, and wheat was modified for improved performances. The performance of the modified thresher was evaluated using Ex-borno variety of pearl millet. Two levels of moisture content; 9.21% and 10.81%, four feed rates levels; 3, 4, 5 and 6 kg/min, four levels of drum speed; 700, 800, 900 and 1000 rpm were considered during the experiment. The test results indicated as high as 98.78% threshing efficiency, a minimum of 1.02% grain damage, maximum cleaning efficiency of 97.19%, and 2.50% scatter loss and maximum throughput capacity of 194.02 kg/hr. In comparison to the previous thresher, threshing efficiency, mechanical grain damage, cleaning efficiency, scatter losses, and throughput capacity have improved by 2.01%, 330.56%, 9.79%, 10.78%, and 69.86% respectively. The developed thresher is anticipated to increase the farmer’s productivity due to improved performances.Keywords: Millet, Threshing Efficiency, Cleaning Efficiency, Feed Rate, cylinder Speed

scholarly journals Development and performance of a motorized cowpea threshing machine for small scale farmers in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-007
Author(s):  
Fawohunre Ademola Jerome ◽  
Olajide Omotayo Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Throughput Capacity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Fan Speed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

A motorized cowpea threshing machine was developed and evaluated to meet the need of small – scale farmers in the developing countries especially Nigeria. A power rating of 0.75 kW, fan speed of 826 rpm, beater speed of 418 rpm were used for the design. The driver and driven pulleys of 59 mm and 198 mm were used respectively. Two varieties of cowpea were used to evaluate the performance of the machine. The evaluation results showed that average threshing efficiency, cleaning efficiency, percentage of grain damage and throughput capacity were determined to be 83.6, 71.1, 4.4%, and 74.5 kg/hr respectively for Ife brown variety and 84.9, 68.5, 4.7%, and 73.0 kg/hr respectively for IAR 48 variety. The investigation was conducted at three levels of moisture content of 13.5, 14.5 and 15.5% wet basis. Based on the performance of the machine, effective threshing of different varieties of cowpea with minimum grain loss, improved threshing capacity cleaning and efficiency were achieved and yet good quality products was achieved.

Design and Experiment of Test-Bed for Straw Compression Forming and Baling

2013 ◽  
Vol 433-435 ◽  
pp. 1165-1169
Author(s):  
Li Zhang Xu ◽  
Yao Ming Li ◽  
Jian Jun Yin ◽  
Cheng Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Average Force ◽  
Total Power Consumption ◽  
Data Acquisition Card ◽  
Working Parameters

In order to study the performance of packing, compression and baling and obtain the influence of working parameters on complete machine, a test-bed was developed based on the packing, compression and baling devices of baler. The measure system consists of IPC, sensors, a data acquisition card and a type of software programmed by using VC++. It can real-time collect, display, process and analyze the parameters and loads of the working parts. Wheat straws with 40% moisture content were used to carry on compression and baling experiments. The test results show that average total power consumption of the working parts, average force acting on the plunger and average force acting on the connecting rod is 3.44 kW, 873.5 N and 11965.8 N respectively when the straw feed rate is 0.8 kg/s and the compression frequency of the plunger is 75 strokes per minute. The bale density can reach up to 125 kg/m3.

scholarly journals Modification and Performance Evaluation of Cleaning System for IAR Sorghum Thresher

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nura A Sale ◽  
U S Muhammed ◽  
M A Gwarzo ◽  
S I Idris
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Throughput Capacity ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Vertical Orientation ◽  
Cleaning Performance ◽  
Cleaning System ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
And Performance

Sorghum is a major source of food for most families and as raw material to many industries in Nigeria. Cleaning is among the most important post-harvest operation after threshing. However, manual cleaning of crop is quite tedious, time and labour intensive. A prototype thresher has already been developed at Institute of Agricultural Research (IAR) but yet it has been associated with many difficulties during operation. Among the problems of IAR prototype sorghum thresher are low operating performance such as higher scatter loss and low cleaning efficiency thus the need for modification to improve the above mentioned parameters. This study was undertaken to modify the cleaning system of the IAR sorghum thresher with the aim of minimizing the drudgery involved in its operation and to improve its performance. The major modifications were on shaking mechanism and sieves. The number of sieves was increased from one to three while the connecting rode for shaking mechanism was changed from horizontal to vertical orientation. The sizes of the pulleys were also changed. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) experimental design was used for determining the effect of moisture content, speed and feed rate on the cleaning performance of the machine. The maximum performance achieved were 99.95 %, 5.45 %, and 250 kg/h for cleaning efficiency, scatter loss and throughput capacity respectively.

scholarly journals Development and Optimization of a Manual Fed Cassava Root Chipper for Household Cassava Processors

2020 ◽  
pp. 283-295
Author(s):  
Macmanus NDUKWU ◽  
Gabriel AFAM ◽  
Nnaemeka NWAKUBA
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Throughput Capacity ◽  
Optimum Thickness ◽  
Cassava Root ◽  
Effect Of Moisture ◽  
Machine Speed ◽  
Content Range ◽  
Constant Feed Rate

A motorized, manual fed cassava root chipping machine was developed, evaluated and optimized. The objective of the research is to investigate the effect of moisture content and speed on the chipping sizes, efficiency, throughput and machine capacities. Obtained results showed that the cassava initial moisture content significantly affected the chipping size, machine capacity, throughput capacity and chipping efficiency within the tested moisture content range of 52 to 68% w.b. The machine speed also affected the chipping size, chipping efficiency, machine and throughput capacity. The average chipping size for the cassava chips at the four ranges of moisture content, speeds and constant feed rate of 89±26.6 kg h-1 ranged from 0.56 to 0.96 cm with optimum thickness 0.618 at 450 rpm and moisture content of 65.27% based on desirability factor. The average chipping efficiency ranged from 60 to 90% with an optimum value of 79.57% at 533 rpm and moisture content of 68 % while the throughput capacities of the machine ranged from 49 to118 kg/h with optimum value of 118 kg/h at a speed of 600 rpm and 68% moisture content.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of a Rice (Oryza sativa) Thresher

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarafadeen K Shittu ◽  
Nnaemeka M Ezeh
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Output Capacity ◽  
Randomized Design

A paddy thresher supplied to the Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Bayero University, Kano Nigeria as part of its takeoff equipment for teaching and learning was evaluated to determine its performance indices in terms of threshing efficiency, cleaning efficiency, output capacity, mechanical damage and scatter loss. The variables used were two levels of moisture content (20% and 14%), two levels of speed (500 rpm and 700 rpm) and feed rate at two levels (100 kg/hr and 150 kg/hr). The factorial experiments were run in a complete randomized design in three replications. Two local Rice varieties Sipi (variety 1) and Jemila (variety2) were used. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and LSD were used to assess the effects of the independent variables on the performance indices of the paddy thresher. The mean values for cleaning efficiency, mechanical damage, scatter loss and output capacity ranges from 59.28 – 87.82%, 0.02 - 0.23%, 0.02 - 0.05% and 25.26 - 58.82 kg/h respectively. ANOVA results showed that moisture content, feed rate and speed significantly affected cleaning efficiency, mechanical damage and the output capacity at 5% probability for the two paddy varieties. Keywords— Efficiency, output capacity, performance, rice, threshing machine.

Development and Testing of a Roller Type Shelling Device (RTSD) Moringa oleifera Seed Shelling Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Tajudeen A. Ishola ◽  
Ezekiel O. Ariyo ◽  
Elijah A. Alhassan
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Throughput Capacity ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Labour Intensive Method

The huge nutritional value and industrial potentials inherent in Moringa oleifera have not been fully tapped and used because of the labour intensive method of shelling and grinding the seeds into fine powder. A Roller Type Shelling Device (RTSD) Moringa oleifera seed sheller was designed, constructed and tested in this study. The hopper, shelling drum, shelling paddle, screen, cleaning fan, frame, seed outlet, chaff delivery chute, and electric motor made up this functional machine. The performance indices evaluated for the developed sheller were based on shelling efficiency, cleaning efficiency, throughput capacity, mechanical damage index and shelling performance index at moisture content levels of 7.64, 9.45, 17.53, 21.73 and 25.52% (w.b). The sheller had maximum shelling efficiency, cleaning efficiency, throughput capacity, mechanical damage index and shelling performance index of 88.14%, 89.41%, 12.48 kg/h, 12.75% and 87.66% respectively at moisture content levels of 7.64% (w.b). With the output of the sheller, full industrial processing of Moringa oleifera seed is feasible with minimal limitation.

scholarly journals Design, fabrication and testing of a cassava pelletizer

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.B. Oduntan ◽  
O.A. Koya ◽  
M.O. Faborode
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Maximum Throughput ◽  
Screw Length ◽  
Level Production

This paper reports on the design of fabrication and testing of a machine for cottage level production of pellets from cassava mash. The pelletizer consists of a barreled screw auger which compresses cassava mash against perforated end plate, through which the pellets are pelletized. The result derived from the calculated design parameters (shaft diameter, tensile stress, torque, screw length, volumetric capacity mass flow rate and power rating) were used for the fabrication. The testing of the pelletizer was determined in terms of throughput of the machine, against the moisture content of the mash (18, 20 and 22% w.b.), die size (4, 6 and 8 mm) and the auger speed (90, 100 and 120 rpm). Test results showed that the pellets with the best quality attributes were obtained from cassava mash at 18% moisture content (w.b.) through the 4 mm die at 90 rpm and a maximum throughput of 54 kg/h.

scholarly journals Performance Optimization of Groundnut Shelling Using Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aliyu Idris Muhammad ◽  
Moshud Isiaka ◽  
Muhammed Lawal Attanda ◽  
Sarafadeen Kolawole Shittu ◽  
Ibrahim Lawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Output Capacity ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Input Variables

AbstractThis study evaluated the influence of drum speed, moisture content, and feed rate on the performance indices of groundnut sheller using Ex-Dakar groundnut variety. Response surface methodology was used to study the influence of input variables and optimize the processing conditions. The developed second-order polynomial model adequately described the performance responses, including output capacity, shelling and cleaning efficiencies, and kernel damage. The input variables indicated significant influences on performance responses. The optimized processing variables for the responses were drum speed of 210 rpm, moisture content of 8%, and feed rate of 350 kg∙h−1. The optimum responses obtained were output capacity of 302.52 kg∙h−1, shelling efficiency of 97.61%, cleaning efficiency of 53.16%, and kernel damage of 4.04%. These performance responses were validated experimentally and were close to the observed results.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of mechanised and manual threshing options for Amankwatia and AGRA rice varieties in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadrack Kwadwo Amponsah ◽  
Ahmad Addo ◽  
Komla Dzisi ◽  
Jean Moreira ◽  
Sali Atanga Ndindeng
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Physical Energy ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Significant Difference

Performance of a Yanmar DB 1000 mechanised paddy thresher was comparatively assessed against manual threshing by impact method using a locally-made wooden box for Amankwatia and AGRA rice varieties under farmer’s field conditions at Nobewam in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The mechanised thresher was evaluated at various threshing drum speeds (550 rpm, 600 rpm and 650 rpm) and feeding rates (200 kgh-1, 400 kgh-1 and 600 kgh-1). Results showed that threshing was satisfactory at grain moisture content between 16.9% w.b and 18.0% w.b. for both rice varieties. Threshing efficiency increased from 94.6% to 95.8% with no significant difference observed whereas cleaning efficiency decreased significantly from 84.2 % to 81.6 % with increasing feed rate irrespective of rice variety. Again, threshing efficiency increased with increasing drum rotational speed, irrespective of feed rate and rice variety. Percentage broken grain and grain loss both increased with increasing peripheral drum speed and paddy feed rate irrespective of rice variety. Average fuel consumption, physical energy requirement and threshing capacity increased significantly with increasing drum speed and feed rate. Crop moisture content and shattering ability influenced the threshing efficiency, threshing capacity, grain loss, broken grain, fuel and physical energy requirement at threshing. AGRA rice variety generally performed better than Amankwatia under both mechanical and manually threshing methods. Mechanised threshing was significantly better at reducing grain loss and physical energy demand whilst yielding over 200% higher threshing capacity than manual threshing by impact using the wooden box. Mechanised threshing was financially rewarding, yielding over 500% higher profit margin than the manual threshing option. Further research on optimum crop moisture content for improved threshing of different rice varieties is suggested.

scholarly journals Optimization of Operational Parameters of an Improved Maize Sheller Using Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-424
Author(s):  
Adewale SEDARA ◽  
Emmanuel ODEDİRAN
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Throughput Capacity ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Machine Speed

The research was carried out to optimize parameters for evaluating an improved motorize maize sheller. Statistical analysis was performed using response surface methodology (RSM) with 3 by 3 factorial experiment with 3 replicates. The three parameters are speed (850 rpm, 950 rpm and 1100 rpm), moisture content (12, 15, and 17%) and feed rate (120 kg h-1, 130 kg h-1 and 140 kg h-1) used to illustrate the ability of the machine to shell maize (throughput capacity, shelling rate and machine efficiency). Results obtained showed that for optimum throughput capacity of 630.97 kg h-1; shelling rate 485.34 kg h-1 and machine efficiency 93.86% of the machine; is maximum for 129.6 kg h-1 feed rate and moisture content 16.49% and machine speed of 1026.9 rpm. The machine can be used on commercial farms with these operational results.

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