scholarly journals Bioplastics: requirement for sustainability

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Richa Srivastava ◽  
Ram Singh
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Sustainable Society ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Flexible Packaging ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Lower Carbon

The petrochemical-based plastics are causing a strong challenge for the natural ecosystem leading to global environmental pollution due to their non-biodegradable nature. Hence, the requirement of alternative materials possessing environmental advantages received attention and leads to the development of bioplastics. Definition of bioplastics is not universal but broadly it can be defined as biodegradable plastic derived from biodegradable substances. Although, all types of bioplastics are not biodegradable, still their many advantages towards the environment cannot be ruled out and hence, their applications in varied areas have increased many-folds world-wide. Bioplastics are being used in rigid and flexible packaging materials, food and drinks containers, dining utensils, electronic devices, automotive and airplane parts, cable sheaths and casings, noise and thermal insulation panels and many more. The list is growing up. Bioplastics have shown their potential for a sustainable society and presents some advantages such as lower carbon footprint, energy efficiency, and eco-safety. This article discusses the basic information, sources, biodegradability, and applications of bioplastics.

scholarly journals SPATIAL CONCEPT OF RATIONALE BEHIND ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 136-147
Author(s):  
Ihor BYSTRIAKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Spatial Concept ◽  
Economic Concept ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Platform Economy

For Ukraine’s conditions, it is important to find new forms of organization of economic activity, which will ensure the overcoming of “catching-up” of the world economy. It is advisable to solve the problem in terms of determining the features of the national space for sustainable development. At the same time, objectively, there is a need to adapt the definition of “space” as such to the practice of environmental and economic development management. From a methodological standpoint, the issue is to use the post-industrial approaches to define economic processes with a focus on the category of “interest”. Since economic space of the post-industrial type is formed by the flows of “interests” of business entities, which circulate and determine its structure, attention is focused on domination of energy and information in communicative processes. From the standpoint of the functioning of a proper communicative field, the effect of economic activity is provided by reducing the parameters of transaction duration and then reducing the costs to a corresponding acceptable level. Evolution of the communication system indicates a change in the nature of interaction of business entities with environment. The main issues are the ecological and economic encodings of the life space, which gradually transform into everyday reality and form the corresponding cognitive frames. Therefore, an important point is the search for modern forms of economic self-sufficiency of functioning of ecological systems at the level of requirements for their safe existence at the expense of rational use of natural resources assets. The author emphasizes the expediency of focusing on decentralized forms of managing the process of ensuring the ecological and economic development of territories, taking into account the relevant competences of local economic systems within the definition of their communication fields. Aforementioned approach can be fully solved in the framework of the so-called platform economy. As a phenomenon of macroeconomic level, the platform economy provides guidance on changing the mechanism of cost formation at the grassroots level. The ecological and economic concept of sustainable development fits into general trends associated with transformation of the markets towards expansion of network interactions, since business as well starts to develop according to the similar to natural ecosystem laws.

scholarly journals Superabundant design

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo R. Velasco González
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Time And Energy

Tiziana Terranova draws attention to the necessity of questioning how algorithmically enabled automation works “in terms of control and monetization” and “what kind of time and energy” is being subsumed by it (Terranova 387). Cryptocurrencies are payment technologies that automate the production of money-like tokens (Bergstra and Weijland) following algorithmic rules to maintain a fixed production rate. Different kinds of energy and residues, which are not always acknowledged, are involved in this process. Here I distinguish between two closely linked layers in the Bitcoin token production: first, an algorithmic layer, which contains the instructions and rules for the creation of bitcoins; second, a hardware layer, which performs and embodies the former. While these layers work together, I will argue that they enact their own kind of logics of energy and waste. I will begin at the more visible end of the production cycle, the hardware layer, where the definition of waste and energy consumption is shared with many electronic devices; then I will trace back its algorithmic layer, which as I argue, follows a different logic.

Approximation and the point of flicker-noise formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Matsaev
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Density ◽  
Flicker Noise ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Maximum Magnitude ◽  
Noise Characteristics ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
Accurate Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Flat Section

The article refers to the field of research of noise fluctuations or flicker noise in electronic amplifiers and is devoted to the exact definition of the magnitude and shape of the spectral density of flicker-noise. The 1/f approximation of flicker noise is analyzed and the problem of its non-constructiveness in analyzing the noise characteristics of electronic amplifiers is shown. To eliminate this problem, the mechanism of physical formation of the envelope, a form of spectral density flicker-noise is defined. The physics of flicker-noise is detailed by accurate definition of the place of its formation. An accurate definition of the maximum difference of the amplifier flickernoise on the flat section of noise characteristics is given, using an explanation of the physics of flicker noise. The mechanism and conditions of the exponential increase of flicker noise and its subsequent exponential desire for maximum magnitude are explained. A simple physical approximation is given to determine the processes of forming the envelope form of the spectral density of flickernoise. The physical understanding of the formation of spectral density of flicker-noise tension in the internal structure of the transistor with the participation of external circuits of the amplifier electrical circuit is detailed. The results of the study will help developers to solve many problems of building electronic devices and optimizing their characteristics at a qualitatively new level.

Global Environmental Issue and Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-23
Author(s):  
Viktor Danilov-Danilyan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
New Approach ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Global Environmental Issue ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Definition Of

The problem of increasing anthropogenic pressure on the biosphere is considered in the framework of ideas about the carrying capacity of the ecosystem. The possibility of giving an exact definition of the carrying capacity is discussed, the concept of its one-dimensional projection is introduced, and examples of one-dimensional projections are given. In relation to the biosphere, they relate, in particular, to the limits of growth. The traditional definition of the concept “sustainable development” is criticized, this definition is associated with the ideology of the consumer society. The features of the perception of environmental issues by the mass consciousness in a consumer society are described. Extensions of the notion “environment” and a new approach to the interpretation of the notion “sustainable development” due to this expansion are considered.

scholarly journals “Such Tweet Sorrow”: The Explosive Impact of New Literacies on Adolescent Responses to Live Theatre

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
John M. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Language Arts ◽  
New Literacies ◽  
English Teacher ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
Audience Studies ◽  
Arts Programs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New London

Trips to the theatre are a regular feature of many high school language arts programs, and yet the experience of watching a play is often significantly different for a teacher than it is for a student. Placing “theatre literacy” within the context of the New London Group’s definition of multiliteracies, and drawing on the work of Lankshear and Knobel as well as audience studies theorists, this article compares how a 17 year-old girl and a 43 year-old English teacher respond to a series of plays, and considers how growing up in a wireless world shapes adolescents’ understanding of live theatre.

Designing for a green chemistry future

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6476) ◽  
pp. 397-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie B. Zimmerman ◽  
Paul T. Anastas ◽  
Hanno C. Erythropel ◽  
Walter Leitner
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Sustainable Society ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
Definition Of

The material basis of a sustainable society will depend on chemical products and processes that are designed following principles that make them conducive to life. Important inherent properties of molecules need to be considered from the earliest stage—the design stage—to address whether compounds and processes are depleting versus renewable, toxic versus benign, and persistent versus readily degradable. Products, feedstocks, and manufacturing processes will need to integrate the principles of green chemistry and green engineering under an expanded definition of performance that includes sustainability considerations. This transformation will require the best of the traditions of science and innovation coupled with new emerging systems thinking and systems design that begins at the molecular level and results in a positive impact on the global scale.

Mapping Environmental Justice in Technology Flows: Computer Waste Impacts in Asia

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair Iles
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Justice ◽  
System Development ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Material Flows ◽  
Development Models ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Do So

In the 21st century, technology and material flows constitute an ever-growing set of global environmental change. In particular, electronic wastes are emerging as a major transnational problem. Industrial nations are shipping millions of obsolete computers to Asia yearly; Asian countries are emerging as generators of e-waste in their own right. This article argues that an environmental justice approach can help illuminate the impacts of technology and material flows. To do so, however, environmental justice definitions and methodologies need to account for how and why such flows occur. Using the case of computers, the article analyses some factors shaping the e-waste recycling chain, shows how e-waste risks depend on design and manufacturing chains, and evaluates inequalities in the ecological and health impacts of e-wastes across Asia. It proposes a definition of environmental justice as obviating the production of risk, using a framework that brings together the global production system, development models, and regulatory action.

Empowering citizens to effect change – a case study of zoo-based community conservation

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Dunstan ◽  
Belinda Fairbrother ◽  
Monique Van Sluys
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Community Conservation ◽  
Effect Change ◽  
The Public ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Definition Of

There is little doubt that humans are directly impacting our planet, with biodiversity loss now rated as the most critical global environmental threat alongside climate change. The imperative to act is urgent, and the definition of wildlife conservation is expanding to include humans as central to the solution. Increasingly, behaviour change theories are becoming critical to community campaigns led by zoos, in order to increase the uptake of pro-environmental behaviours. Zoos are in a unique position to address biodiversity loss and can do so by working to inspire and influence their many visitors to change their behaviour in order to help wildlife. By engaging their visitors through interactive encounters with wildlife and by creating emotive experiences, zoos can foster a connection between people and nature that can lead to action and enable the public to help secure a future that meets the needs of both wildlife and people. Here, we critically examine a community conservation campaign aimed at increasing uptake of sustainable palm oil (and thus reducing the use of unsustainable palm oil) led by zoos in Australia and New Zealand. Here, we share the elements of success and key learning to build understanding and improvement of these programs globally.

Comparison of Environmental Impacts of Innovative and Common Products

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brady P. Gilchrist ◽  
Irem Y. Tumer ◽  
Robert B. Stone ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Karl R. Haapala
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Sustainable Society ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Research Findings

With a constantly increasing population and coupled demand for manufactured goods, sustainability considerations are becoming more important in product design. Society is tasked with ensuring our continued existence, while maintaining the quality of life of future generations. Innovation has been touted as a means to sustainability, and innovations in materials, manufacturing, and product design can lead to a reduction of global environmental impacts and help to realize the goals of a sustainable society. This research aims to identify whether products that have been identified as “innovative” by popular media sources have lower environmental impacts than “common” products of the same functionality. Six innovative products were compared to eight corresponding common products using life cycle assessment techniques to determine which are predicted to have lower environmental impacts. From this analysis, it was determined that four of the six innovative products may have higher environmental impacts than their common competitors. These research findings reveal a possible inverse relationship between environmental impacts and innovation for a few classes of common consumer goods.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF FORMATION OF MARKETING TRENDS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Belova ◽  
Maxim Dunin
Keyword(s):  
Direct Marketing ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
Creativity And Innovation

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the formation of marketing trends. The need to study the trend as a phenomenon is proved. Definitions of the concept of "trend" by various authors are given. The versatility of the problem under consideration is emphasized, as a single definition of the trend has not been formed. The types of marketing trends that are manifested at the global level are considered. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of Digital Marketing, as it is implemented through the use of digital technologies and electronic devices. The necessity of taking into account when forming a strategy of partnership relations with its clients (1-to-1 marketing), creativity and innovations, features of viral and partisan marketing, as well as additional value is substantiated. It is explained that 1-to-1 marketing is direct marketing, which involves communication between seller and consumer face to face. Creativity and innovation are shown to be a trend that correlates with Digital Marketing, as most innovation is in the IT sector. It is demonstrated that viral and guerrilla marketing is a trend whose popularity is growing due to sales through popular social networks and platforms. Peculiarities of formation and development of Ukrainian trends are outlined. The following features of Ukrainian trends are emphasized: omnichannel, increasing the importance of marketing for business, the transition to digital marketing, increasing competition for the consumer, a high level of concentration on quality content, promoting of promoting goods and services through the use of thoughts leaders. The reasons why Ukrainian companies are actively investing in the development of digital marketing are explained: the dynamics of Internet penetration into the lives of consumers increased from 12% in 2004 to 71% in 2019. The marketing trends inherent in the brewing industry of Ukraine are studied: deeper support of sales of premium products, changes in the structure of segments, mergers of enterprises, reduction of average retail value of sold products, growing popularity of PET packaging, reduction of production and sales.

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