scholarly journals An in vitro Study to Compare the Effectiveness of F-file with Ultrasonically Activated K-file to Remove Smear Layer by using a Scanning Electron Microscope

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Shiva Kumar ◽  
Suresh Shenvi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Setup Cost ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the F-file with an ultrasonically activated #15 K-file in removing the smear layer after biomechanical instrumentation along with irrigation of Saline, NaOCl and with or without a flush of EDTA. Materials and methods Sixty decoronated human premolar teeth with a single canal were instrumented with ProTaper using S1, S2 and F1 series to produce the smear layer and randomly divided into two groups. Group A used Ultrasonics and group B used F-file for activation of irrigants respectively. Each group was further divided in to three subgroups consisting of 10 teeth in each as I, II, III consisting of saline, NaOCl, NaOCl and EDTA as irrigants respectively. SEM micrographs were taken and amount of smear layer removal was analyzed by using Chi-square statistics tests. Results Most effective smear layer removal was seen only when EDTA was used. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups A and B in removal of smear layer. Conclusion There was no increase in smear layer between use of F-file when compared with the Ultrasonically activated K-file. Clinical significance The F-file although does not have a superior efficacy than the ultrasonics in removal of smear layer from root canals but when used along with EDTA, can be an effective alternative for the dentists who are unable to bear the initial setup cost of ultrasonics. How to cite this article Shenvi S, Kumar BS. An in vitro Study to Compare the Effectiveness of F-file with Ultrasonically Activated K-file to Remove Smear Layer by using a Scanning Electron Microscope. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):825-829.

Influence of prophylaxis on the microleakage of sealants: in vitro study

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Alonso Chevitarese ◽  
Orlando Chevitarese ◽  
Ivete Pomarico Ribeiro de Souza ◽  
Roberto Braga de Carvalho Vianna
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Scanning Electron

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of prophylaxis on the sealants microleakage in 30 premolars divided into: Group A, Group B and Group C. The teeth were analyzed using the optical microscope (OM) and at scanning electron microscope (SEM). There was a statitical significant difference among the groups regarding the presence of microleakage, but not with the presence of tags.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Cleaning Efficacy using Four Novel Nickel–titanium Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscope Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1135-1143
Author(s):  
Prem P Kar ◽  
Sandhya A Khasnis ◽  
Krisnamurthy H Kidiyoor
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cleaning Efficacy ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of the study was to compare the cleaning efficacy (debris and smear layer removal) of two multifile rotary systems (MTwo and Silk) and two single-file rotary systems (F6 Skytaper and NeoNiTi). Materials and methods Eighty mesial canals of mandibular first molars were cleaned and shaped using four nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments to size # 25 and 3% NaOCl and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Samples were randomly divided into four equal groups (n = 20) according to instrumentation: Group I, Mtwo; group II, Silk; group III, F6 Skytaper; group IV, NeoNiTi. Samples were split longitudinally and examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM) for debris and smear layer removal in coronal, middle, and apical thirds of each root canal. Results F6 skytaper and Mtwo groups showed significantly higher debris removal than Silk and NeoNiTi groups in apical third of root canal as well as when compared with NeoNiTi group in middle third. F6 Skytaper group showed significantly higher debris and smear layer removal than Silk group in coronal third. There was statistically significant difference among all thirds of root canal in terms of debris removal in Silk and NeoNiTi groups. There was statistically significant difference among all thirds of root canal in F6 Skytaper and NeoNiTi groups in terms of smear layer removal. Conclusion F6 Skytaper single-file rotary instrumentation showed the maximum cleaning efficacy followed by Mtwo multifile rotary instrumentation in all thirds of root canal. Clinical significance F6 Skytaper rotary instrument is most efficient followed by Mtwo rotary instrument among all rotary instruments. How to cite this article Kar PP, Khasnis SA, Kidiyoor KH. Comparative Evaluation of Cleaning Efficacy using Four Novel Nickel-titanium Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscope Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1135-1143.

scholarly journals Resin-Based Cement Applied to Enamel and Dentin Pre-Treated with Phytic Acid: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11976
Author(s):  
Mohannad Nassar ◽  
Md. Sofiqul Islam ◽  
Smriti Aryal A C ◽  
Hatem Mostafa El-Damanhoury ◽  
Salvatore Sauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Scanning Electron

Phytic acid (IP6) has the ability to etch tooth structure due to its acidity and chelating properties. This study aimed to evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of resin-based cement to enamel and dentin using manufacturer-provided etchants, phosphoric acid (PA) for enamel and a mixture of 10% citric acid and 3% ferric chloride (CAF) for dentin and compare them to IP6. Enamel surfaces were etched for 30 s with either PA or IP6 (1%, 5% or 10%). Dentin surfaces were etched for 15 s with either CAF or 1% IP6. Pre-polymerized composite blocks were bonded to enamel and dentin surfaces. After 24 h, the specimens were sectioned into beams and subjected to μTBS testing. De-bonded specimens and smear layer removal were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope. Etching enamel with 1% and 5% IP6 resulted in μTBS values that are comparable to the control (PA) (p > 0.05), while 10% IP6 negatively affected the μTBS (p < 0.05). The μTBS to dentin etched with 1% IP6 was higher compared to the control (CAF) (p = 0.001). IP6 effectively removed enamel and dentin smear layer, and at specific concentrations, it may be a suitable alternative conditioner agent for bonding resin-based cement to enamel and dentin.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Effectiveness of Cleaning of Root Canals using Protaper and K3 Rotary Systems: A SEM Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
K Shashikala ◽  
BS Keshava Prasad ◽  
Anukriti Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the debris and smear layer removal following root canal preparation using two different rotary systems with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The rotary systems used were Protaper and K3. Forty single rooted permanent mandibular premolars were chosen for the study. They were assigned two groups on the basis of instrumentation used. The teeth were sectioned at the level of cementoenamel junction and instrumented with Protaper in group A and with K3 in group B. The root canals were thoroughly irrigated with 5 ml of 2.5 % NaOCl during instrumentation. After instrumentation, 5 ml of normal saline was used as a final rinse. The teeth were split longitudinally and the specimens were prepared for SEM evaluation. Scanning electron microscope photomicrographs showed presence of debris and smear layer. The SEM photomicrographs were scored, based on the standard score rating system, and the scores were tabulated accordingly. The scores obtained from the specimens were subjected to statistical analysis. Results showed opening of dentinal tubules and effective removal of smear layer in group A (Protaper) and no significant difference between both the groups (groups A and B) regarding debris. How to cite this article Tyagi A, Prasad BSK, Shashikala K. Evaluation of Effectiveness of Cleaning of Root Canals using Protaper and K3 Rotary Systems: A Sem Study. World J Dent 2015;6(1):20-25.

scholarly journals Comparative Remineralization Efficacy of Topical NovaMin and Fluoride on Incipient Enamel Lesions in Primary Teeth: Scanning Electron Microscope and Vickers Microhardness Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safaa Shihabi ◽  
Salma AlNesser ◽  
John C. Comisi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Objective Evaluating the potential remineralization effect of NovaMin prophylaxis paste on artificial enamel lesions in primary teeth using Vickers microhardness and scanning electron microscope. Materials and Methods Forty sound buccal and lingual surfaces of human primary canine teeth were randomly divided into two groups after creating artificially demineralized lesions (G1: NovaMin and G2: fluoride; 20 per group) and then treated with the respective remineralization agents. The remineralization cycle repeated twice daily for 10 days. The groups were evaluated with Vickers microhardness and scanning electron microscope before and after de/remineralization. Results Statistically significant difference of microhardness was observed between demineralized enamel and remineralized enamel with group 1 and group 2 (p = 0.000 and p = 0.000, respectively). No statistically significant difference of microhardness was observed between two remineralized agents (p = 0.368). Conclusion Within the limitation of this in vitro study, NovaMin enhances the remineralization process equally to fluoride.

scholarly journals The efficacy of 5% maleic acid, 6% phosphoric acid and 17% EDTA in smear layer removal - a scanning electron microscopic investigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Khalighinejad ◽  
Mohsen Hasheminia ◽  
Mahbobeh Feizinafar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Introduction. Smear layer is amorphous irregular layer that contains inorganic dentin debris and organic material such as pulp tissue, odontoblastic processes, necrotic debris and microorganisms. It is present on root canal walls touched by instruments during instrumentation. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of 6% Phosphoric acid, 17% EDTA and 5% Maleic acid in smear layer removal using scanning electron microscope analysis. Material and Methods. The study included eighty extracted teeth. All teeth were randomly assigned into the three experimental groups (17% EDTA, 5% Maleic acid, 6% Phosphoric acid) and one control group (sodium hypochlorite). Smear layer removal in all groups in apical, middle, and coronal thirds was observed using scanning electron microscope analysis. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Also, Friedman and Wilcoxson tests were used to compare different sections in each group (a=0.05, SPSS ver. 15). Results. There was no significant difference observed between three experimental groups. All tested irrigants were capable of removing smear layer (p>0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between different regions of root canals in all experimental groups except in phosphoric acid group. Conclusion. The effectiveness of EDTA, Maleic acid and Phosphoric acid is comparable and all of them are efficient in removing smear layer.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF NOVEL ROOT CANAL IRRTIGANT-MTAD AGAINST ROOT BIOMODIFIERS ON PERIODONTALLY INVOVLED TEETH IN PERIODONTAL REGENRATION- AN IN VITRO SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDY.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasarapu Srujan ◽  
Gaurav Malhotra ◽  
Pradeep Shukla ◽  
Prerna Kataria ◽  
Mona Dagar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background: Smear layer removal and collagen fiber exposure may improve regeneration which can be accomplished by use of root biomodifiers. These enhance the degree of connective tissue attachment to denuded roots. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare novel root canal irrigant and other root biomodifiers for smear layer removal on periodontally involved human teeth. Materials and Methods: Forty human teeth were collected and stored in saline. After scaling and root planing, two samples were obtained from each tooth. A total of 100 dentin blocks were randomly divided into four groups: Mixture of tetracycline, acid and detergent (MTAD), tetracycline hydrochloride (TTC HCl), citric acid (CA), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The agents were applied for 3 min by active burnishing. Immediately following treatment, the specimens were rinsed, dehydrated, fixed and prepared for scanning electron microscope and were examined at × 3500 magnification. Sampaio’s index was evaluated by the previously trained blind examiner using photomicrographs.  Groups  were  compared  using  analysis  of  variance  followed  by  Tukey’s  post?hoc  test. Results: Mixture of tetracycline, acid, and detergent is most efficacious in removing the smear layer and showed statistically significant dentinal tubules opening, followed by EDTA, TTC HCl, and CA. Conclusion: Mixture of tetracycline, acid and detergent and conventional root biomodifiers used in the study alters the dentin surface by smear layer removal and exposure of dentinal tubules. Hence, MTAD as a root biomodifier may have a significant role in periodontal regeneration. Key words: Citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, MTAD, root biomodifier, scanning electron microscope study, tetracycline hydrochloride

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