scholarly journals Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Three Calcium Phosphate on Enamel Microhardness

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 583-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
En HR Haghgou ◽  
Roza Haghgoo ◽  
Mohamad R Roholahi ◽  
Zahra Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

ABSTRACT Aim This study aims to investigate the effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and three calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP and TCP) on increasing the microhardness of human enamel after induction of erosion. Materials and methods A total of 26 healthy human-impacted third molar teeth were chosen, and their hardness measured using a microhardness testing machine. The samples were immersed in Coca Cola (pH = 4.7) for 8 minutes. Then, microhardness was measured again, and these samples were randomly divided into four groups (two control groups and two experimental groups). (1) Negative control group: Artificial saliva was used for 10 minutes, (2) positive control group: Fluoride gel was used for 10 minutes, (3) β-TCP group: TCP was used for 10 minutes, (4) CCP-ACP group: CCP-ACP was used for 10 minutes. The final microhardness of those samples was measured, and the changes in microhardness of teeth within group and between groups were analyzed using the paired and analysis of variance tests respectively. Results were considered statistically significant at a level of p < 0.05. Results No significant difference was observed in microhardness between CPP-ACP group and TCP group (p = 0.368) during the time microhardness significantly dropped after soaking in soda. Conclusion Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and TCP increased the microhardness of teeth. The increase in hardness in the TCP group was higher than in the CPP-ACP group, but this difference was not significant (p = 0.36). Clinical significance Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and TCP can affect the remineralization of erosive lesions. How to cite this article Haghgou EHR, Haghgoo R, Roholahi MR, Ghorbani Z. Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Three Calcium Phosphate on Enamel Microhardness. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(7):583-586.

scholarly journals Effect of fluoridated casein phospopeptide-amorphous-calcium phosphate complex, chlorhexidine fluoride mouthwash on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets: A comparative in vitro study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Abdul Shahariyar C. A ◽  
Anurag D. Mahale ◽  
Kishore Kumar ◽  
Rohan Rai
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

Objective The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium-phosphate (CPP-ACP) complex, chlorhexidine fluoride mouthwash on shear bond strengths (SBSs) of orthodontic brackets. Materials and Methods About sixty extracted healthy human premolar teeth with intact buccal enamel were divided into two equal groups to which brackets were bonded using self-etching primers (SEPs) and conventional means respectively. These were further equally divided into three subgroups - (1) control (2) CPP-ACP (3) chlorhexidine fluoride mouthwash. The SBSs were then measured using a universal testing machine. Results SBS of the conventional group was significantly higher than the self-etching group. The intragroup differences were statistically insignificant. Conclusion CPP-ACP, chlorhexidine fluoride mouthwash did not adversely affect SBS of orthodontic brackets irrespective of the method of conditioning. Brackets bonded with conventional technique showed greater bond strengths as compared to those bonded with SEP.

scholarly journals Effect of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride and Casein Phosphopeptide–Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Application on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Defne Keçik ◽  
Sevi Burçak Çehreli ◽  
Çağla Şar ◽  
Bahtiyar Ünver
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acid Etch ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of a recently introduced prophylactic agent, casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), on shear bond strength of brackets and compare it with the effect of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF). Materials and Methods: Forty-eight freshly extracted mandibular bovine incisors were used. Teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12) as follows: group 1 served as control, and no pretreatment was performed on the enamel; group 2, enamel was treated with 1.23% APF and CPP-ACP, respectively; group 3, enamel was treated with CPP-ACP; and group 4, enamel was treated with 1.23% APF for 4 minutes. In all groups, brackets were bonded using a conventional acid-etch and bond system (Transbond XT, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif). Bonded specimens were first stored in deionized water at 37°C for 24 hours, subjected to thermal cycling for 1000 cycles, and further stored in distilled water for 6 weeks before debonding procedures. After debonding, teeth and brackets were examined under a stereomicroscope at 10× magnification for any adhesive remaining, in accordance with the modified adhesive remnant index. Results: The shear bond strengths of all experimental groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P &lt; .01). There was no significant difference between the shear bond strengths of the experimental groups (P &gt; .05). Conclusion: The use of CPP-ACP either alone or combined with APF could be considered as an alternative prophylactic application in orthodontic practice since it did not compromise bracket bond strength.

scholarly journals Combined effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate on the prevention of enamel demineralization:

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-375
Author(s):  
Samar M. Adel ◽  
Eiman S. Marzouk ◽  
Nadia El-Harouni
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lesion Depth ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

ABSTRACT Objectives To compare the effect of use of laser, casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP–ACP), and their combination on prevention of enamel demineralization using polarized light microscopy to assess lesion depth. Materials and Methods Eighty premolars were randomly allocated to four equal groups (n = 20): Group I: Control group, no preventive measures. Group II: CPP–ACP. Group III: Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Group IV: Er,Cr:YSGG laser followed by CPP–ACP. Specimens were subjected to thermocycling and brushing protocols equivalent to 1 year intraorally. Then, all teeth were subjected to acid challenge. Teeth were then sectioned longitudinally and examined under a polarized light microscope and lesion depth was measured. Results Group IV resulted in the least lesion depth with a significant difference between it and all other groups. CPP–ACP alone and laser alone also showed a significant difference in white spot lesion (WSL) depth compared to the control group; however, no significant difference was found between them. Conclusions The combined use of laser and CPP–ACP showed the best prevention against WSL development. The use of CPP–ACP or laser alone also resulted in a significant reduction in lesion depth but was significantly less than their combined use, with no significant difference between them.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Efficacy of Different Fluoride Varnishes on Dentin Remineralization During a Critical pH Exposure Using Quantitative X-Ray Microtomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. E308-E316
Author(s):  
A Sleibi ◽  
A Tappuni ◽  
D Mills ◽  
GR Davis ◽  
A Baysan
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Voxel Size ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

SUMMARY Objectives: The objective of this in vitro study was to quantify the amount of mineral change in demineralized dentin at pH 5.5 after the application of dental varnishes containing fluoride with casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate, fluoride and bioglass, or fluoride alone. Methods and Materials: A total of 12 extracted human sound mandibular premolar root samples were coated with an acid-resistant varnish, leaving a 2 × 3 mm window at the outer root surface. These root specimens were then randomly divided into four groups and separately subjected to the demineralizing cycle at a pH of 4.8 for five days to create artificial caries-like lesions in dentin. Subsequently, each sample was imaged using quantitative x-ray microtomography (XMT) at a 15-μm voxel size. Each test group then received one of the following treatments: dental varnish containing casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate and fluoride (CPP-ACP, MI varnish, GC Europe), bioglass and fluoride (BGA, Experimental, Dentsply Sirona), or fluoride alone (NUPRO, Dentsply Sirona), as well as a control group, which received no treatment. These samples were kept in deionized water for 12 hours. The thin layer of varnish was then removed. All samples including the nonvarnish group were subjected to the second demineralizing cycle at pH 5.5 for five days. The final XMT imaging was then carried out following the second demineralizing cycle. XMT scan was also carried out to varnish samples at 25 μm voxel size. The change in mineral concentration in the demineralized teeth was assessed using both qualitative and quantitative image analysis. Results: There was an increase in radiopacity in the subtracted images of all varnish groups; a significant increase in mineral content, 12% for the CPP-ACP and fluoride (p≤0.05 and p≤0.001), 25% BGA (p≤0.001), and 104% fluoride alone varnish (p≤0.001). There was an increase in the size of radiolucency in the lesion area with a significant decrease in mineral content in the nonvarnish group, 10% (p≤0.05 and p≤0.001). Conclusions: There was encouraging evidence of a remineralization effect following the application of dental varnish on dentin and also an observed resistance to demineralization during the acidic challenge in all cases. However, a dental varnish containing fluoride alone appeared to have a much greater effect on dentin remineralization when compared with CPP-ACP with fluoride and bioglass with fluoride.

Does Casein Phosphopeptid Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Provide Remineralization on White Spot Lesions and Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans?

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arzu Aykut-Yetkiner ◽  
Nazan Kara ◽  
Mustafa Ateş ◽  
Nazan Ersin ◽  
Fahinur Ertuğrul
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Test Group ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralization effect of Casein Phosphopeptid Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) on white spot lesions (WSL) and its inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans colonization. Study design: The study group consisted of 60 children exhibiting at least 1-WSL. Subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: a test group of using CPP-ACP cream (Tooth Mousse, GC Europe N.V., Leuven, Belgium) and a control group using only fluoride containing toothpaste for a period of 3-months. Baseline WSLs were scored using DIAGNOdent device (KaVo Germany) and the saliva samples were collected to measure S. mutans counts. After the 3-month period the WSLs were again recorded and the saliva sample collection was repeated. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used for statistical analysis. Results: DIAGNOdent measurements were increased by time (p=0.002) in control group and no statistically significant difference (p=0.217) was found in test group by the 3-month period. In both groups, the mutans counts were decreased in 3-month experimental period. Conclusions: These clinical and laboratory results suggested that CPP-ACP containing cream had a slight remineralization effect on the WSL in the 3-month evaluation period however longer observation is recommended to confirm whether the greater change in WSLs is maintained.

scholarly journals The Simultaneous Effect of Extended Etching Time and Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate containing Paste Application on Shear Bond Strength of Etch-and-rinse Adhesive to Caries-affected Dentin

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 794-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Doozandeh ◽  
Milad Mirmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Simultaneous Effect ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mi Paste ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

ABSTRACT Aim This study evaluated the simultaneous effect of extended etching time and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) containing paste application on shear bond strength (SBS) of etch-and-rinse adhesive to cariesaffected- dentin (CAD). Materials and methods Fifty human third molars were used; 10 normal in group 1 and 40 caries-affected teeth in groups 2 to 5. In the CAD groups, teeth were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10). In groups 2 and 4, phosphoric acid etching for 15 and 45 seconds was used and in groups 3 and 5, after 15 or 45 seconds etching respectively, CPP-ACP containing paste (MI paste) was applied for 3 minutes. After rinsing, single bond adhesive system and Z250 composite were used for resin composite build-up in all groups. After storage, SBS test was measured at cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using one/two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (α = 0.05). Results Normal dentin groups showed the highest SBS among different groups. There was a statistically significant difference between different etching times in CAD groups (p < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between SBS of SB adhesive to CAD with or without CPP-ACP pretreated in both etching times. Most of the failure modes were adhesive except in groups 1 and 5 which cohesive failure in composite was also observed. Conclusion The results of our study indicated that extended etching time up to 45 seconds could enhance the SBS of CAD and approach nearly to SBS of normal dentin. Moreover, MI paste pretreatment had not significant effect on SBS of etchand- rinse adhesive in CAD. Clinical significance Simultaneous application of extended etching time and CPP-ACP containing paste may be a suggested method in increasing the SBS of adhesive to CAD. How to cite this article Doozandeh M, Firouzmandi M, Mirmohammadi M. The Simultaneous Effect of Extended Etching Time and Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate containing Paste Application on Shear Bond Strength of Etch-and-rinse Adhesive to Caries-affected Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(10):794-799.

scholarly journals Influence of Simulated Pulpal Pressure on Efficacy of Bleaching Gels

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres ◽  
Graziela Ribeiro Batista ◽  
Alessandra Bühler Borges ◽  
Paula Tamião Arantes ◽  
Annette Wiegand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bleaching Gels ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of simulated pulpal pressure on efficacy of bleaching gels. Materials and methods Cylindrical enamel-dentin specimens from bovine teeth (3 mm diameter, enamel and dentin layer each 1 mm thick) were divided into 4 groups, according to the bleaching treatment: negative control (non-bleached), bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP), bleached with 7.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Ten percent CP gel was applied for 8 h/day and 7.5% HP for 1 h/day, during 14 days. For 35% HP treatment, two sessions of 45 minutes each were employed. In intermediate periods specimens were stored in artificial saliva. Experimental groups (n = 19) were subdivided according to the simulation of pulpal pressure (25 mm Hg) during bleaching treatment. Initial color measurement and after bleaching treatment were assessed by spectrophotometry, using CIE L*a*b* system. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Dunnett's posthoc tests (p < 0.05). Results There was significant difference of ∆E for all experimental groups compared to negative control group, according to Dunnett's test (p < 0.0001). There were no significant difference for total color variation (∆E) among experimental groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion It was concluded that all bleaching gels showed bleaching efficacy compared to non-bleached group and that the simulated pulpal pressure did not influence the bleaching outcomes of the tested gels. Clinical significance Although numerous in vitro studies investigating the efficacy of bleaching agents have been performed, they do not properly simulate the pulpal pressure. In order to make these studies closer to clinical conditions, it is important to reproduce these conditions in laboratory, so the results can be more reliable. This in vitro study was performed under simulated pulpal pressure, aiming to investigate its influence on dental bleaching outcomes. How to cite this article Borges AB, Batista GR, Arantes PT, Wiegand A, Attin T, Torres CRG. Influence of Simulated Pulpal Pressure on Efficacy of Bleaching Gels. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):407-412.

scholarly journals Lubricating conditions: effects on friction between orthodontic brackets and archwires with different cross-sections

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Anderson Carvalho Almeida ◽  
Anna Paula Costa Ponte Sousa Carvalho Almeida ◽  
Flávia Lucisano Botelho Amaral ◽  
Roberta Tarkany Basting ◽  
Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Wire ◽  
The Cross

Abstract Objective: This study investigated the effect of the condition of lubrication on the friction between brackets and NiTi archwires of different rounded cross-sections. Methods: Brackets (Roth, GAC) were affixed to a device connected to a universal testing machine into which segments of archwire were placed (NiTi, Nitinol, GAC) with cross-sections of 0.012-in, 0.016-in and 0.020-in. Once the wire was in the bracket slot, the following lubricants were applied: human saliva (HS: positive control), distilled water (DI), mucin-based (MUC) or carboxymethylcellulose-based (CMC) artificial saliva. In the negative control group, no lubricant was used. The combination between the wire cross-sections and the lubrication condition generated 15 groups with 15 samples each. Data were submitted to two-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test. Results: There was no significant interaction between the wire cross-section and the condition of lubrication (p= 0.901). Irrespective of whether lubricants were used or not, there was a significant increase in friction with an increase in the cross-section of the wire (p< 0.001). For any wire, the group tested in the presence of MUC was not different from that in which HS was applied. On the other hand, when the application of lubricants was suppressed, significantly higher friction values were observed. The CMC group and the DI group demonstrated intermediate behavior. Conclusions: Friction increased with the increase of the cross-section of the NiTi archwire, but regardless of the archwire, friction with MUC artificial saliva was similar to that of HS and lower than in dry conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Comparison of Two Different Mouthwashes on Frictional Resistance Between Orthodontic Bracket and Archwire: An in Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Jayanti Choudhary ◽  
B Shashikumar ◽  
Anand K Patil
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of tea tree oil (TTO) mouthwash and chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash on frictional resistance. Settings and Design: In vitro. Materials and Methods: In total, 60 extracted premolars were mounted on a custom-made acrylic fixture. These 60 premolars were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 each, on which 0.022″ × 0.028″ slot MBT stainless steel brackets were bonded and 0.019″ × 0.025″ rectangular stainless steel wire was ligated with an elastomeric module. The 3 groups included a control group where the samples were immersed in artificial saliva and 2 experimental groups immersed in 0.2% CHX and TTO mouthwash, respectively, for 1.5 hours. Postimmersion static frictional resistance was evaluated on a universal testing machine at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Statistical Analysis Used: Tukey’s post hoc procedure. Results: This study showed a statistically significant difference in the frictional resistance between saliva and CHX groups and CHX and TTO groups ( P < .05). No statistically significant difference was observed between saliva and TTO groups ( P > .05). The frictional resistance was more in the CHX mouthwash group than in the TTO mouthwash group. Conclusions: Frictional resistance was lesser in the TTO mouthwash than in the CHX mouthwash. Based on this result, TTO mouthwash can be used instead of CHX mouthwash as an oral hygiene aid in patients with orthodontic treatments.

Incipient Enamel Lesions Remineralization using Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Cream with and without Fluoride: A Laser Fluorescence Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-355
Author(s):  
SS Bhat ◽  
KS Hegde ◽  
MA Habibullah ◽  
V Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Laser Fluorescence ◽  
Fluorescence Study ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

The aim of this in vitro investigation was to evaluate and compare the incipient enamel lesions remineralized by topical application of casein phospho peptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) cream with and without fluoride. Method: Sixty caries free teeth were used in the study. They were divided into four groups as positive control, negative control and two experimental groups.The samples were demineralized and then remineralized using a CPP-ACP Cream with and without fluoride. The remineralization was evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 days using laser fluorescence. Results of this study showed that the laser fluorescence readings of test samples for remineralization were very highly significant at 14 and 21 days (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: The degree of remineralization achieved between CPP-ACP and CPP-ACP with fluoride was statistically significant ( p = 0.040) at 21 days.

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