scholarly journals Entry Costs and the Macroeconomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (233) ◽  
Author(s):  
Germán Gutiérrez ◽  
Callum Jones ◽  
Thomas Philippon
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
Industry Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Entry Costs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Entry Regulations ◽  
The U.S

We combine a structural model with cross-sectional micro data to identify the causes and consequences of rising concentration in the US economy. Using asset prices and industry data, we estimate realized and anticipated shocks that drive entry and concentration. We validate our approach by showing that the model-implied entry shocks correlate with independently constructed measures of entry regulations and M&As. We conclude that entry costs have risen in the U.S. over the past 20 years and have depressed capital and consumption by about seven percent.

Abstract P183: 20-year Secular Trend of Cardiovascular Disease Comorbidities in the United States, 1997-2016

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianjianyi Sun ◽  
Tao Zhou ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Yoriko Heianza ◽  
Xiaoyun Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Metabolic Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Conditions ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Chronic Comorbidities

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the number one cause of death and disability in the US and globally for decades, and its comorbidity complicates the management of CVD. However, little is known about the secular trend of CVD comorbidities in national representative populations in the last 20 years. Methods: Prevalence of CVD and nine major chronic comorbidities was estimated using data from 1,324,214 adults aged 18 years and older in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) from 1997 through 2016, with age-standardized to the U.S. population in the year 2000. Results: CVD prevalence in the US adult population significantly declined in the past twenty years (from 6.6% in 1997 to 5.9% in 2016, P trend <0.01in Figure a). And such trend was shown in women and whites (P trend <0.01), but not in men and blacks (P trend >0.05). We ranked the nine major chronic comorbidities (high to low) in the CVD patients (Figure b.), including (1) hypertension, (2) respiratory conditions, (3) nervous system conditions, (4) digestive conditions, (5) diabetes, (6) cancer, (7) genitourinary conditions, (8) circulatory conditions, and (9) endocrine/nutritional/metabolic conditions. From 1997 to 2016, the prevalence of CVD comorbidities including hypertension (38.8% to 50.2%), digestive conditions (17.0% to 27.1%), diabetes (10.0% to 19.2%), cancer (9.4% to 12.8%), and genitourinary conditions (4.1% to 5.2%) continuingly increased (all P trend <0.01), while respiratory conditions declined (35.9% to 27.6%, P trend <0.01). Similar trends of CVD comorbidities were observed among subgroups stratified by gender or by race. Conclusions: CVD prevalence in the U.S. adults have declined significantly in the past two decades, but rates of CVD comorbidities including hypertension, digestive conditions, diabetes, cancer, and genitourinary conditions increased substantially.

The World Economy

2007 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 7-30 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Housing Investment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Monetary Authorities ◽  
Rates Of Growth

The global economy expanded by 5.3 per cent in 2006, one of the fastest rates of growth in the past 35 years. We project further expansions of 5 per cent this year and 4¾ per cent in 2008. The key risks to the forecast that we highlight in this Review relate to global housing markets and the current stance of monetary policy. The US economy is restrained by the recent correction in its housing market, which is expected to continue to weigh on the economy through 2008. There is some concern that the housing investment downturn may spread to other economies, and in this report we explore the areas most at risk to such a contagion. We also consider the recent volatility in the oil price, which makes it difficult for monetary authorities to distinguish signal from noise. If too much emphasis is placed on what subsequently turns out to be noise, policy settings could turn out to be overly lax or stringent.

scholarly journals Three’s Company: How the US and China’s Complementary Competition is Improving African Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Sai Polineni
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
African Health ◽  
The Us ◽  
The U.S

President Obama's and President Xi Jinping's visits to Tanzania — and the associated jubliation and fanfare accompanying them — seem to validate much of what has been written in the past few years of the supposed competition between the United States and China for influence and resources in Africa, with many authors proclaiming that the U.S. was losing this competition. Aside from propagating the idea that Africa is some sort of homogenous collection of people, ideas, and cultures, many of these authors view the role of Africa as primarily an economic battleground in which the U.S and China must battle to determine control while ignoring the fact that the differing strengths and focuses of the American and Chinese economies do not lend themselves to any sort of outright competition in Africa. 

scholarly journals Why Has the US Economy Recovered So Consistently from Every Recession in the Past 70 Years?

2020 ◽  
pp. 01-48
Author(s):  
Robert E. Hall ◽  
◽  
Marianna Kudlyak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Fading Stars

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 312-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
GermÁn GutiÉrrez ◽  
Thomas Philippon
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Over Time

We study the evolution of superstar firms in the US economy over the past 60 years. Contrary to common wisdom, superstar firms have not become larger or more productive but have become more profitable. The contribution of star firms to aggregate US productivity growth has fallen over time, from about 72 basis points per year before 2000 down to about 43 afterwards.

Tracking Ignorance: Examining Changes in Immigrant Population Innumeracy in the United States from 2005 to 2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Daniel Herda
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Population ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

Citizens’ tendency to overestimate the size of immigrant populations has been the subject of several studies over the past three decades. While we have learned a great deal about the extent, causes, and potential consequences of this population innumeracy, our understanding remains static. The current letter offers the first longitudinal consideration of immigrant population size misperceptions with an analysis across a nine-year span in the U.S. This study considers: 1) whether misperceptions have changed over time; 2) how these changes compare to the growth of the actual foreign-born population size; and 3) whether these changes are related to demographic and ideological factors. Results indicate that misperceptions have grown rapidly in the U.S, far outpacing the modest, actual increases across the period. Pooled cross-sectional analyses indicate that demographic factors do not explain the growth in misperceptions. However, the overestimates of politically conservative Americans have grown increasingly extreme over time.

Right of Way Integrated Vegetation Management: Essential to Keep the Us Economy Moving

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
John D. Byrd ◽  
Victor Maddox ◽  
David Russell
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Vegetation Management ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Land Mass ◽  
The U.S

Transportation and utility rights of way represent an often overlooked yet sizeable land mass across the U.S. that transects diverse topographies and ecosystems. These land uses, along with the necessary safety, drainage, and load bearing features, present unique challenges for vegetation management, especially on transportation rights of way. An integrated approach to vegetation management is essential to maintain the functionality of these corridors and should be part of the initial right of way design, but once constructed, mechanical and chemical control are the primary tactics to manage undesirable vegetation.

scholarly journals The rise, decline and rise of incomes policies in the US during the post-war era: an institutional-analytical explanation of inflation and the functional distribution of income

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK SETTERFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Context ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Functional Distribution ◽  
Post War ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Discrete Medium

Abstract:This paper is based on the premise that at any point in time, macroeconomic performance is best understood in terms of certain ‘fundamental’ features of the income-generating process that are embedded in a relatively enduring institutional framework, that both affects and is affected by macroeconomic outcomes themselves. This results in the evolution of capitalist economies through a succession of discrete, medium-term episodes of macroeconomic performance. The purpose of the paper is to apply this vision to the explanation of inflation and the functional distribution of income in the post-war US economy. A conflicting claims model of inflation is developed, in which inflation is the result of conflict over the functional distribution of income. It is then shown how an account of the different, relatively enduring institutions within which this ‘fundamental’ macroeconomic process has been embedded over the past 50 years can be used to calibrate the analytical model, giving rise to an explanation of inflation and the functional distribution of income in the US as having evolved through three discrete episodes. Moreover, once the institutional context of macroeconomic performance is properly recognized in this manner, inflation and the functional distribution of income in the US over the past 50 years are seen to be explained by the rise, decline, and rise of successive incomes policies.

scholarly journals Kein Ausweg? Die Ökonomie der 90er Jahre

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (88) ◽  
pp. 461-475
Author(s):  
James O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Local Resistance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
Land Politics ◽  
The Us

During the past decade, the dynamics of crisis in the US-economy was determined by a fact which was hardly noticed: by an economization of non-reproduceable natural ressources, especially of land. Tue government's and TNC's land politics have reached their limits. they have caused an enormously high amount of dept and provoked new forms of local resistance.

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