The Relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder Tendency or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Tendency and Social Anxiety in Adult Patients with Stuttering

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Kentaro Yoshizawa ◽  
Ikuyo Ishizaka ◽  
Nao Yasuda ◽  
Michinari Fukuda ◽  
Yumi Yukimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Neurodevelopmental Disorder traits in Taijin-Kyofu-Sho and Social Anxiety Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Kajitani ◽  
Rikako Tsuchimoto ◽  
Yusaku Omodaka ◽  
Tomoko Matsushita ◽  
Hideaki Fukumori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract Background: Taijin-Kyofu-sho, an East Asian culture-bound anxiety disorder, has been likened to social anxiety disorder. However, few studies have examined these two disorders from the perspective of neurodevelopmental disorders. This study aimed to examine the association of Taijin-Kyofu-sho and social anxiety disorder with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.Methods: The Liebowitz Social Anxiety, Taijin-Kyofu-sho, and Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report scales and the 16-item Autism-Spectrum Quotient were administered to 818 university students. Participants were divided into four groups: control (neither Taijin-Kyofu-sho ­­nor social anxiety disorder), pure Taijin-Kyofu-sho (Taijin-Kyofu-sho alone), pure social anxiety disorder (social anxiety disorder alone), and Taijin-Kyofu-sho-social anxiety disorder mixed (both Taijin-Kyofu-sho ­­and social anxiety disorder). We used logistic regression analysis to examine whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder were associated with Taijin-Kyofu-sho and social anxiety disorder.Results: Autism spectrum disorder was significantly associated with pure Taijin-Kyofu-sho (p = 0.006, odds ratio: 3.99). Female sex and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder were significantly associated with pure social anxiety disorder (sex: p = 0.013, odds ratio: 2.61; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: p = 0.012, odds ratio: 2.46). Female sex, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder were significantly associated with Taijin-Kyofu-sho-social anxiety disorder mixed (sex: p = 0.043, odds ratio: 2.16; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: p = 0.003, odds ratio: 2.75; autism spectrum disorder: p < 0.001, odds ratio: 16.93). Conclusions: Neurodevelopmental disorder traits differed between individuals with Taijin-Kyofu-sho and those with social anxiety disorder. Japanese individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or autism spectrum disorder traits are at a risk of developing Taijin-Kyofu-sho or social anxiety disorder in the future.

scholarly journals Social Anxiety in Victimization and Perpetration of Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5728
Author(s):  
Tai-Ling Liu ◽  
Ray C. Hsiao ◽  
Wen-Jiun Chou ◽  
Cheng-Fang Yen
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
Adolescents With Asd

Victimization and perpetration of cyberbullying and traditional bullying are prevalent among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aims of this study were to examine the role of social anxiety in victimization and perpetration of cyberbullying and traditional bullying in adolescents with ASD and ADHD in Taiwan. A total of 219 adolescents with ASD and 287 adolescents with ADHD aged 11–18 years and their caregivers were recruited from the child psychiatry outpatient clinics into this study. The associations of social anxiety with victimization and perpetration of cyberbullying and traditional bullying were examined using logistic regression analysis. The results indicated that after the effects of sex, age, and autistic social impairment were controlled, social anxiety increased the risk of being a victim of cyberbullying (Odds Ratios (OR) = 1.048; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.013–1.084), a victim of traditional bullying (OR = 1.066; 95% CI: 1.036–1.097), and a perpetrator of traditional bullying (OR = 1.061; 95% CI: 1.027–1.096) in adolescents with ASD. After the effects of sex, age, and ADHD symptoms were controlled for, social anxiety increased the risk of being a victim of traditional bullying in adolescents with ADHD (OR = 1.067; 95% CI: 1.039–1.096). Social anxiety was significantly associated with several forms of bullying involvement in adolescents with ASD and ADHD and warrants being considered into prevention and intervention programs for bullying involvement.

scholarly journals Lehetséges összefüggés egy autizmusspektrum-zavarban érintett gyermek metilfenidát-kezelése és az azt követően kialakult gynaecomastia között

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (42) ◽  
pp. 1703-1708
Author(s):  
Nóra Kollárovics ◽  
Péter Nagy ◽  
Judit Balázs
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Child Psychiatrist ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Relationship

Összefoglaló. Bár a figyelemhiányos hiperaktivitási zavar kezelése során alkalmazott metilfenidát-monoterápiával összefüggésben jelentkező gynaecomastiáról bizonyos nemkívánatos hatások adatbázisai beszámolnak, a szakirodalom áttekintése alapján ez idáig mindössze 5 esettanulmányt publikáltak a témában. Tanulmányunkban egy autizmusspektrum-zavarral és figyelemhiányos hiperaktivitási zavarral egyaránt diagnosztizált gyermek esetét mutatjuk be, akinél 6 hónapon át tartó, folyamatos metilfenidát-monoterápiájával összefüggésben kétoldali gynaecomastia kialakulását tapasztaltuk. A kezelés azonnali leállítása mellett 10 napos klomifénkezelés történt. A metilfenidát-terápia azonnali leállítását követően 14 nappal a gynaecomastia mindkét oldalon visszahúzódott. 3 hónapos, gyermekpszichiátriai szempontból gyógyszermentes időszakot követően a metilfenidát-terápia újraindítása történt, de 1 hónap elteltével a nem kívánt mellékhatás ismét jelentkezett. A metilfenidát-terápia és a gynaecomastia kialakulása közötti kapcsolat számos mechanizmussal kapcsolatban kérdéseket vet fel. Gyermekpszichiátriai szempontból érdekes kérdés, hogy releváns lehet-e a gyógyszeres terápia következményeként kialakuló nemkívánatos mellékhatás megjelenésében az autizmusspektrum-zavar és a figyelemhiányos hiperaktivitási zavar komorbid fennállása. A jelenség hátterében felmerül továbbá a neuroendokrin-immunológiai rendszer szabályozásának esetleges megváltozása. Esettanulmányunk felhívja a gyakorló orvoskollégák figyelmét a metilfenidát-terápia alkalmazása mellett potenciálisan kialakuló gynaecomastia monitorozására. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(42): 1703–1708. Summary. Although gynecomastia associated with methylphenidate monotherapy in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has already been reported in some adverse event databases, based on a review of the literature it appears that only five case reports have been published. In our study, we present the case of a child diagnosed with both autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, who developed bilateral gynecomastia in association with continuous methylphenidate monotherapy for 6 months. With immediate cessation of methylphenidate therapy, clomiphene treatment was given for 10 days. A total of 14 days after cessation of methylphenidate treatment gynecomastia receded on both sides. After a methylphenidate drug-free period of 3 months, methylphenidate therapy was restarted, but 1 month later the side effect reappeared. The relationship between methylphenidate and the development of gynecomastia raises questions about a number of mechanisms. From a child psychiatrist point of view, it is an interesting question whether the presence of comorbid autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder may be relevant in the onset of adverse events by medication. The phenomenon may also be caused by altered regulation of the neuroendocrine-immune system. Our case report draws the attention of practicing physicians to monitoring of potential gynecomastia during methylphenidate therapy. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(42): 1703–1708.

scholarly journals Behavioural and neural markers of tactile sensory processing in infants at elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Serena Piccardi ◽  
◽  
Jannath Begum Ali ◽  
Emily J. H. Jones ◽  
Luke Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Repetition Suppression ◽  
Neural Markers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Backgrounds Atypicalities in tactile processing are reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but it remains unknown if they precede and associate with the traits of these disorders emerging in childhood. We investigated behavioural and neural markers of tactile sensory processing in infants at elevated likelihood of ASD and/or ADHD compared to infants at typical likelihood of the disorders. Further, we assessed the specificity of associations between infant markers and later ASD or ADHD traits. Methods Ninety-one 10-month-old infants participated in the study (n = 44 infants at elevated likelihood of ASD; n = 20 infants at elevated likelihood of ADHD; n = 9 infants at elevated likelihood of ASD and ADHD; n = 18 infants at typical likelihood of the disorders). Behavioural and EEG responses to pairs of tactile stimuli were experimentally recorded and concurrent parental reports of tactile responsiveness were collected. ASD and ADHD traits were measured at 24 months through standardized assessment (ADOS-2) and parental report (ECBQ), respectively. Results There was no effect of infants’ likelihood status on behavioural markers of tactile sensory processing. Conversely, increased ASD likelihood associated with reduced neural repetition suppression to tactile input. Reduced neural repetition suppression at 10 months significantly predicted ASD (but not ADHD) traits at 24 months across the entire sample. Elevated tactile sensory seeking at 10 months moderated the relationship between early reduced neural repetition suppression and later ASD traits. Conclusions Reduced tactile neural repetition suppression is an early marker of later ASD traits in infants at elevated likelihood of ASD or ADHD, suggesting that a common pathway to later ASD traits exists despite different familial backgrounds. Elevated tactile sensory seeking may act as a protective factor, mitigating the relationship between early tactile neural repetition suppression and later ASD traits.

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