scholarly journals The amelioration of nicotine-induced reproductive impairment in male mouse by Sambucus ebulus L. fruit extract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Mohammadghasemi ◽  
Korosh Khanaki ◽  
Hamid Moravati ◽  
Masoumeh Faghani
Keyword(s):  
Male Mouse ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Reproductive Impairment ◽  
Sambucus Ebulus

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition, Anti-Inflammatory and ER Stress-Reducing Potential of Sambucus ebulus L. Fruit Extract

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2446
Author(s):  
Oskan Tasinov ◽  
Ivayla Dincheva ◽  
Ilian Badjakov ◽  
Yoana Kiselova-Kaneva ◽  
Bistra Galunska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Sambucus Ebulus ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Reducing Potential

Sambucus ebulus L. (SE) fruits are used for their immunostimulation, hematopoietic and antiviral potential. Recently, we focused on analyzing the mechanism underlying SE fruit aqueous extract’s (FAE) immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory activities, with attention to its endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-reducing potential. J774A.1 macrophages were treated with SE FAE alone or in conditions of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation. Using GC–MS and LC–MS/MS, its phytochemical composition was analyzed. To measure transcription and protein levels, we used qPCR and Western blot, respectively. The prevailing phytochemicals in SE FAE were hydroxycinnamic acids, proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins. The content of some amino acids, organic acids, alcohols, fatty acids and esters were newly reported. Extracts exerted an immunostimulation potential by stimulating IL-6, TNFα, Ccl2, COX2 and iNOS transcription, without inducing ER stress. SE FAE suppressed the LPS-induced transcription of inflammation related genes (IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, Ccl2, Icam-1, Fabp4, COX2, iNOS, Noxo1, IL-1ra, Sirt-1) and reduced the protein levels of iNOS, peIF2α, ATF6α and CHOP. The effects were comparable to that of salicylic acid. SE suppresses LPS-stimulated inflammatory markers on the transcription and translation levels. Targeting ER stress is possibly another mechanism underlying its anti-inflammatory potential. These findings reveal the potential of SE fruits as a beneficial therapeutic of inflammation and ER stress-related pathological conditions.

Comparison the effects of Sambucus ebulus leaf and fruit extracts on Leishmania major in-vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Kadkhodamasoum ◽  
Farahnaz Bineshian ◽  
Amir KarimiPour ◽  
Pooya Tavakoli ◽  
Masoud Foroutan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Sambucus Ebulus ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
Ic50 Concentration

Background;: Leishmaniasis is one of the major diseases caused by the intracellular parasite of Leishmania. It has become one of the most dangerous health problems today. Our aim of the present study is to compare the effects of Sambucus ebulus leaf and fruit extracts on Leishmania major in vitro. Methods: In this study, we used MTT, promastigote and amastigote assay to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of the extract on parasite and we compared their effects. The flow cytometry technique was also used to detect the apoptotic effect of the extracts on promastigotes. Results: According to MTT experiment IC50 concentration of leaf and fruit extracts on parasite was 157 μg/ml and 265 μg/ml, respectively. After analysis by flow cytometry, leaf and fruit extracts also showed apoptosis effect. Leaf and fruit extract caused 40.2 and 2.67 percent apoptosis. Conclusion: Based on the above assessment, we determined that the S. ebulus leaf extract has a more toxic effect on promastigotes and amstigotes than its fruit extract and maybe in the future that be used as a drug candidate.

Freeze-substituted fungal cells of Nectria haematococca: A comparison of the macroconidial walls of the adhesion-competent wild type with an adhesion-reduced mutant

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 688-689
Author(s):  
Thecan Caesar-Ton That ◽  
Lynn Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Nectria Haematococca ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Dialysis Tubing ◽  
Tube Emergence ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Freeze Damage

Nectria haematococca mating population I (anamorph, Fusarium solani) macroconidia attach to its host (squash) and non-host surfaces prior to germ tube emergence. The macroconidia become adhesive after a brief period of protein synthesis. Recently, Hickman et al. (1989) isolated N. haematococca adhesion-reduced mutants. Using freeze substitution, we compared the development of the macroconidial wall in the wild type in comparison to one of the mutants, LEI.Macroconidia were harvested at 1C, washed by centrifugation, resuspended in a dilute zucchini fruit extract and incubated from 0 - 5 h. During the incubation period, wild type macroconidia attached to uncoated dialysis tubing. Mutant macroconidia did not attach and were collected on poly-L-lysine coated dialysis tubing just prior to freezing. Conidia on the tubing were frozen in liquid propane at 191 - 193C, substituted in acetone with 2% OsO4 and 0.05% uranyl acetate, washed with acetone, and flat-embedded in Epon-Araldite. Using phase contrast microscopy at 1000X, cells without freeze damage were selected, remounted, sectioned and post-stained sequentially with 1% Ba(MnO4)2 2% uranyl acetate and Reynold’s lead citrate. At least 30 cells/treatment were examined.

Selective Inos and COX-2 inhibition of Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) fruit extract in rat gastric ulcerated mucosa

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mahattanadul ◽  
S Nima ◽  
S Kasiwong ◽  
S Tewtrakul ◽  
P Tansakul
Keyword(s):  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Cox 2
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